Editing Secale (section)

== Crop development ==

Understanding wild plant species is becoming important in the development of new crops. The wild perennial rye (''Secale montanum'') is the ancestor of the cultivated rye (''Secale cereale''). Many forms of perennial rye are found in Turkey including ''Secale montatum'' Guss var. ''anatolicum'' Boiss and ''Secale montanum'' Guss var. ''vavilovi'' Grossh. These perennial species usually have large stature, high frost resistance, strong tillering ability, and tolerance to poor soils and drought. Faults of the ryes that need to be overcome include small and sparse leaves and breaking peduncles.<ref>Akgün, İ., & Tosun, M. (2007). Seed set and some cytological characters in different generations of autotetraploid perennial rye (''Secale montanum'' Guss). ''New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research'', ''50''(3), 339–346.</ref>

ACE-1 perennial cereal (PC) rye has been developed in Canada as a new crop for silage and green-feed production. The rye was developed by first crossing ''Secale cereale'' L. (rye) and ''Secale montanum'' (perennial wild rye), then backcrossing the produced F1 generation with ''Secale cereale'' L., and selecting for the perennial types. Beneficial characteristics of the crop include early growth in spring, competing well with weeds, and producing significant regrowth for silage or pasture. PC rye also has an extensive root system that can be used to improve soil tilth and prevent soil erosion during the fall and winter months. The newly developed crop has not shown significant susceptibility to disease. The new cultivar is currently being further evaluated to test for adaptation and yield potential.<ref>Acharya, S., Mir, Z., & Moyer, J. (2004). ACE-1 perennial cereal rye. ''Canadian Journal of Plant Science'', ''84''(3), 819–821.</ref> These characteristics could make this species an attractive crop to be used in the future.

; Species<ref name=f>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=441721 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref>
* ''[[Secale africanum]]'' <small>Stapf</small> – Cape Province of South Africa
* ''[[Secale anatolicum]]'' <small>Boiss.</small> – Greece, Bulgaria, Turkey, Caucasus, Iraq, Iran
* ''[[Secale cereale]]'' <small>L.</small> – Turkey; widely cultivated and naturalized in many places
* ''[[Secale ciliatiglume]]'' <small>(Boiss.) Grossh.</small> – Turkey, Iraq, Iran
* ''[[Secale iranicum]]'' <small>Kobyl.</small> – Iran
* ''[[Secale montanum]]'' <small>Guss.</small>  – from Spain + Morocco to Pakistan
* ''[[Secale segetale]]'' <small>(Zhuk.) Roshev.</small> – Central Asia, Xinjiang, Kashmir, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Caucasus
* ''[[Secale sylvestre]]'' <small>Host</small> – Balkans, Hungary, Ukraine, European Russia, Caucasus, Central Asia
* ''[[Secale vavilovii]]'' <small>Grossh.</small> – Turkey, Caucasus, Iraq, Iran

; formerly included<ref name=f/>
see ''[[Agropyron]] [[Brachypodium]] [[Dasypyrum]] [[Eremopyrum]]'' 
{{Columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* ''Secale barbatum – [[Eremopyrum orientale]]''
* ''Secale bromoides – [[Brachypodium distachyon]]'' 
* ''Secale hirtum – [[Eremopyrum orientale]]''
* ''Secale orientale – [[Eremopyrum orientale]]''
* ''Secale prostratum – [[Eremopyrum triticeum]]'' 
* ''Secale pumilum – [[Agropyron cristatum]]''
* ''Secale pungens – [[Eremopyrum bonaepartis]]''
* ''Secale reptans – [[Eremopyrum triticeum]]'' 
* ''Secale villosum – [[Dasypyrum villosum]]''
}}