Editing Sciron (section)

==Mythology==

=== Sciron, the robber ===
[[File:National Road 8 (PATHE, European road 94) and railway line at Kakia Skala, Attica, Greece.jpg|thumb|One possible location of the mythological Sceironian Rocks is Kakia Skala in modern day [[Attica Prefecture|Attica]]. Its literal name ("Bad Bay") still has ominous connotations.]]
An Isthmian [[Outlaw (stock character)|outlaw]], Sciron dwelt at the Sceironian Rocks, a cliff on the [[Saronic Gulf|Saronic]] coast of the [[Isthmus of Corinth]] on the Megarian territory.<ref name="tripp">Tripp, Edward. ''The Meridian Handbook of Classical Mythology''. Meridian, 1970, p. 522.</ref><ref>[[Strabo]], 9.1.4</ref> He robbed travelers passing the Sceironian Rocks and sitting near the sea he made it his practice to force them to wash his feet at a precipitous place. When they knelt before him, he would suddenly give them a kick over the cliff into the sea, where the victim's body was devoured by a huge monstrous [[sea turtle]] which used to swim under the rocks<ref name="tripp" /><ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.44.8&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Sciron 1.44.8]</ref> or rolled down the crags into the sea at a place called Chelone (i.e. tortoise).<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4D*.html#59.4 4.59.4]</ref> As his fourth labour, Theseus slew him in the same way, by pushing him off the cliff<ref>Apollodorus, E.[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+Epit.+E.1.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Sciron 1.2]'';'' [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#38 38]'';'' Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.44.8&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Sciron 1.44.8]'';'' [[Scholia]] ad [[Euripides]], ''[[Hippolytus (play)|Hippolytus]]'' 976</ref> or according to some, the hero seized him by the feet and threw him into the sea.<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+Epit.+E.1.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Sciron E.1.2]; [[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' 7.445</ref> In the pediment of the royal Stoa at Athens, there was a group of figures of burnt clay, representing Theseus in the act of throwing Sciron into the sea.<ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.3.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Sciron 1.3.1]</ref>

=== Sciron, the warlord ===
According to [[Plutarch]], however, the Megarians claimed that Sciron was not a robber, but identified him with the Megarian warlord named Sciron. <blockquote>Sciron was neither a violent man nor a robber, but a chastiser of robbers, and a kinsman and friend of good and just men. For Aeacus, they say, is regarded as the most righteous of Hellenes, and Cychreus the Salaminian has divine honors at Athens, and the virtues of Peleus and Telamon are known to all men. Well, then, Sciron was a son-in law of Cychreus, father-in law of Aeacus, and grandfather of Peleus and Telamon, who were the sons of Endeis, daughter of Sciron and Chariclo. It is not likely, then, they say, that the best of men made family alliances with the basest, receiving and giving the greatest and most valuable pledges.<ref>Plutarch, ''Theseus'' [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Theseus*.html#10 10.2-3] {{PD-notice}}</ref></blockquote>When Pylas was exiled from Megara, he gave the rule to his son-in-law [[Pandion I|Pandion]], who then gave it to his son [[Nisos|Nisus]]. Sciron who married the daughter of Pandion disputed with Nisus about the throne. But later on, he agreed to accept the arbitration of [[Aeacus]], king of [[Aegina]], who decided that Nisus and his descendants should be king and have the government while Sciron was entitled as the military leader and in command of war.<ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.39.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Sciron 1.39.6] & [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.44.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Sciron 1.44.6]</ref> Sciron accepted this decision and married his daughter Endeïs to the chosen umpire Aeacus.

In one version, Theseus instituted the [[Isthmian Games]] so as to honor him and made expiation for his murder because of their kinship (they were cousins as their mothers [[Aethra (mother of Theseus)|Aethra]] and Henioche were sisters). Others, Plutarch remarked, bestow the honor of the games upon [[Sinis (mythology)|Sinis]], another bandit killed by Theseus.<ref name=":1">[[Plutarch]], ''Theseus'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Plut.+Thes.+25&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0067 25.4–5]</ref>

A passage in Ovid (''Met.''7.444), where the poet claims that certain cliffs by the name of Sciron owe their name to the man, suggests an [[Etiology#Mythology|aetiological]] origin for the tale.

In another story, Sciron, here identified as the son of a man named [[Polypemon]], threw his daughter [[Alcyone (daughter of Sciron)|Alcyone]] into the sea to drown when he discovered that she had been sleeping with multiple men whilst unmarried.<ref>[[Pseudo-Probus]], ''On Virgil's Georgics'' 1.399</ref>