Editing Saxophone (section)

===Construction===
The pitch of a saxophone is controlled by opening or closing the tone holes along the body of the instrument to change the length of the vibrating air column. The tone holes are closed by leather pads connected to keys—most are operated by the player's fingers, but some are operated using the palm or the side of a finger. There is an [[octave key]], which raises the pitch of the lower notes by one [[octave]]. The lowest note on most modern saxophones is the written B{{music|b}} below middle&nbsp;C. Nearly all baritone saxophones are now constructed with an extra key to allow them to play low&nbsp;A, and a small number of altos with a low&nbsp;A key have been manufactured. The highest keyed note has traditionally been the F two and a half octaves above the low&nbsp;B{{music|b}}, but many instruments now have an extra key for a high&nbsp;F{{music|#}}, and some modern soprano saxophones even have a high&nbsp;G key. Notes above this are part of the [[altissimo]] register and require advanced [[embouchure]] techniques and fingering combinations.

Saxophone music is written in treble clef, appropriately transposed for each different type of instrument, and all saxophones use the same key arrangement and fingerings. Therefore, any written note corresponds to the same fingering on any saxophone, making it easier for players to switch instruments.

Alto and larger saxophones have a detachable curved neck at the top, and a U-shaped bend (the ''bow'') that turns the tubing upward as it approaches the bell. [[Soprano saxophone|Soprano]] and [[sopranino saxophone]]s are usually constructed without a detachable neck or a bow but some have a small detachable neck and some are shaped like an alto saxophone with a bow section. There are rare examples of alto, tenor, and baritone saxophones with mostly straight bodies.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jayeaston.com/galleries/sax_family/unusual_saxes_page/sax_php_unusual.html |title=Jay Easton's unusual saxophones |access-date=2021-05-16 }}</ref> Baritone, bass, and contrabass saxophones have extra bends to accommodate the length of tubing. The fingering system for the saxophone is similar to the systems used for the [[oboe]], the [[Boehm system (clarinet)|Boehm-system clarinet]],<ref name="New Grove">{{cite book |last1=Porter |first1=Lewis |editor1-last=Kernfeld |editor1-first=Barry |title=The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz |date=2002 |publisher=Grove's Dictionaries |location=New York |isbn=978-1-56159-284-5 |pages=507–514|volume=3|edition=2}}</ref> and the [[flute]].