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=== Early life === [[File:Familia Dalí (h 1910).jpg|thumb|The Dalí family in 1910: from the upper left, aunt Maria Teresa, mother, father, Salvador Dalí, aunt Caterina (later became the second wife of father), sister Anna Maria, and grandmother Anna]] Salvador Dalí was born on 11 May 1904, at 8:45 am,<ref>Gibson, Ian (1997) p. 22</ref> on the first floor of Carrer Monturiol, 20 in the town of Figueres, in the [[Empordà]] [[Comarques of Catalonia|region]], close to the French border in Catalonia, Spain.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://elpais.com/diario/2008/02/14/catalunya/1202954863_850215.html|title=Dalí recupera su casa natal, que será un museo en 2010|date=14 February 2008|access-date=26 June 2017|newspaper=El País|archive-date=2 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702002432/http://elpais.com/diario/2008/02/14/catalunya/1202954863_850215.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Dalí's older brother, who had also been named Salvador (born 12 October 1901), had died of gastroenteritis nine months earlier, on 1 August 1903. His father, Salvador Luca Rafael Aniceto Dalí Cusí (1872–1950)<ref>Gibson, Ian (1997) pp. 6, 459, 633, 689</ref> was a middle-class lawyer and notary,<ref name=Llongueras>Llongueras, Lluís. (2004) ''Dalí'', Ediciones B – Mexico. {{ISBN|84-666-1343-9}}.</ref> an anti-clerical atheist and Catalan federalist, whose strict disciplinary approach was tempered by his wife, Felipa Domènech Ferrés (1874–1921),<ref>Gibson, Ian (1997) pp. 16, 82, 634, 644</ref> who encouraged her son's artistic endeavors.<ref name=Rojas>Rojas, Carlos. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=MWF5s2yfFqwC Salvador Dalí, Or the Art of Spitting on Your Mother's Portrait] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419024412/https://books.google.com/books?id=MWF5s2yfFqwC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0 |date=19 April 2016 }}'', Penn State Press (1993). {{ISBN|0-271-00842-3}}.</ref> In the summer of 1912, the family moved to the top floor of Carrer Monturiol 24 (presently 10).<ref name="Gibson, Ian 1997">Gibson, Ian (1997)</ref><ref>Dalí, ''[[The Secret Life of Salvador Dalí]]'', 1948, London: Vision Press, p. 33</ref> Dalí later attributed his "love of everything that is gilded and excessive, my passion for luxury and my love of oriental clothes"<ref>{{cite book | author=Ian Gibson | title=The Shameful Life of Salvador Dalí | year=1997 | publisher=W. W. Norton & Company | url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/g/gibson-dali.html | access-date=12 February 2017 | archive-date=19 February 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219133318/http://www.nytimes.com/books/first/g/gibson-dali.html | url-status=live }} Gibson found out that "Dalí" (and its many variants) is an extremely common surname in Arab countries like [[Morocco]], [[Tunisia]], [[Algeria]] or [[Egypt]]. On the other hand, also according to Gibson, Dalí's mother's family, the Domènech of [[Barcelona]], had Jewish roots.</ref> to an "Arab lineage", claiming that his ancestors were descendants of the [[Moors]].<ref name="Meisler" /><ref name="isbn0-571-19380-3">Gibson, Ian (1997) pp. 238–39</ref> Dalí was haunted by the idea of his dead brother throughout his life, mythologizing him in his writings and art. Dalí said of him, "[we] resembled each other like two drops of water, but we had different reflections."<ref name="Dalí, Secret Life, p.2">Dalí, Secret Life, p. 2</ref> He "was probably the first version of myself but conceived too much in the absolute".<ref name="Dalí, Secret Life, p.2"/> Images of his brother would reappear in his later works, including ''Portrait of My Dead Brother'' (1963).<ref>Gibson, Ian (1997). p. 23</ref> Dalí also had a sister, Ana María, who was three years younger,<ref name=Llongueras /> and whom Dalí painted 12 times between 1923 and 1926.<ref>Gibson, Ian (1997). p. 109</ref> His childhood friends included future [[FC Barcelona]] footballers [[Emili Sagi-Barba]] and [[Josep Samitier]]. During holidays at the Catalan resort town of [[Cadaqués]], the trio played football together.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C7zKauiqMG8C|title=El fútbol tiene música|last=Martín Otín|first=José Antonio|publisher=Córner|year=2011|isbn=978-84-15242-00-0|chapter=Un tanguito de arrabal|access-date=13 September 2020|archive-date=8 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008111944/https://books.google.com/books?id=C7zKauiqMG8C|url-status=live}}</ref> Dalí attended the Municipal Drawing School at Figueres in 1916 and also discovered modern painting on a summer vacation trip to Cadaqués with the family of [[Ramon Pichot]], a local artist who made regular trips to Paris.<ref name=Llongueras /> The next year, Dalí's father organized an exhibition of his charcoal drawings in their family home. He had his first public exhibition at the Municipal Theatre in Figueres in 1918,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dali.jp/en/collection/dali.php|title=Who was Salvador Dalí?|Collection|Morohashi Museum of Modern Art|website=dali.jp|access-date=15 December 2018|archive-date=15 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215223351/http://dali.jp/en/collection/dali.php|url-status=live}}</ref> a site he would return to decades later. In early 1921 the Pichot family introduced Dalí to [[Futurism]]. That same year, Dalí's uncle Anselm Domènech, who owned a bookshop in Barcelona, supplied him with books and magazines on [[Cubism]] and contemporary art.<ref>Gibson, Ian (1997), pp. 78–81</ref> On 6 February 1921, Dalí's mother died of uterine cancer.<ref>Gibson, Ian (1997) p. 82</ref> Dalí was 16 years old and later said his mother's death "was the greatest blow I had experienced in my life. I worshipped her ... I could not resign myself to the loss of a being on whom I counted to make invisible the unavoidable blemishes of my soul."<ref name="Meisler" /><ref>Dalí, Secret Life, pp. 152–53</ref> After the death of Dalí's mother, Dalí's father married her sister. Dalí did not resent this marriage, because he had great love and respect for his aunt.<ref name=Llongueras />
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