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===Native inhabitance: up to 1800s=== [[File:Comanche 1718.jpg|left|thumb|In the early 1700s, [[North American fur trade|French traders]] mapped a [[Kansa people|Kansa]] village at the area which became Salina.]] Shortly prior to [[European colonization of the Americas|European colonization]] of the area in the early 1700s, the site that would become Salina was located within the western territory of the [[Kansa people]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Sturtevant|first=William C.|title=Early Indian Tribes, Culture Areas, and Linguistic Stocks [Map]|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]]|year=1967|url=http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/united_states/early_indian_east.jpg|access-date=March 5, 2014}}</ref> Claimed first by [[France]] as part of [[Louisiana (New France)|Louisiana]] and later acquired by the United States with the [[Louisiana Purchase]] in 1803, it was within the area organized by the U.S. as [[Kansas Territory]] in 1854.<ref>{{cite web|title=Louisiana Purchase|work=Kansapedia|publisher=[[Kansas Historical Society]]|date=August 2012|url=http://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/louisiana-purchase/17876|access-date=March 5, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Kansas Territory|work=Kansapedia|date=March 2013|url=http://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/kansas-territory/14701|access-date=March 5, 2013}}</ref> The [[North American fur trade|French traders]] who mapped the forks of ''les [[Kansas River|Grande Riviere des Cansez]]'', located the western village of ''les Cansez'' at the general confluence of the [[Smoky Hill River|Smoky Hill]], [[Saline River (Kansas)|Saline]], and [[Solomon River|Solomon]] Rivers with villages of the [[Comanche|Paducas]] tribe just to the west on heads of those streams.<ref name="map1718">{{citation|title= 1718 Carte de la Louisiane et du Cours du Mississipi |author-link=Guillaume Delisle | first=Guillaume | last=Delisle |year = 1718 |title-link = :File:1718 Carte de la Louisiane et du Cours du Mississipi by Guillaume Delisle.jpg }}</ref> By the time of exploration of the prairie by the United States following the [[Louisiana Purchase]] in the early 1800s, the [[Pike-Pawnee Village Site|Republican Pawnee]] had established its influence in the [[Smoky Hills]],<ref name=Pike>{{cite book|last=Pike|first=Zebulon | editor-first=Elliott | editor-last=Coues |title=The Expeditions of Zebulon Montgomery Pike: Arkansaw Journey. Mexican Tour |url=https://archive.org/details/cihm_12060|date=1895 |publisher=Francis P. Harper|location=New York, NY |pages=417–652 |quote= Were overtaken by the Pawnee chief whose party we left the day before, who informed us the hunting-party had taken another road, and that he had come to bid us goodbye. }} "From Pawnee Village through Kansas ... " Zebulan Pike recorded the Pawnee's control of the Smoky Hills through to the [[Great Bend, Kansas|Great Bend]] of the [[Arkansas River]].</ref> driving the Kansa to its northeastern Kansas settlements.<ref>[[John C. Frémont|Frémont, J. C.]] 1934. [https://archive.org/stream/expeditionsofjoh01fr/expeditionsofjoh01fr_djvu.txt The expeditions of John Charles Frémont.] (D. Jackson and M. L. Spence, Eds.). University of Illinois Press, Chicago. Fremont observed Pawnee desolation of Kaw villages "After crossing this stream, I rode off some miles to the left, attracted by the appearance of a cluster of huts near the mouth of the [Little] Vermillion. It was a large but deserted Kansas village, scattered in an open wood along the margin of the stream, on a spot chosen with the customary Indian fondness for beauty and scenery. The Pawnees had attacked it in the early spring [of 1843]. Some of the houses were burnt, and others blackened with smoke, and weeds were already getting possession of the cleared places."</ref><ref>{{cite web |author= Howard C. Raynesford |title= The Raynesford Papers: Notes- The Smoky Hill River & Fremont's Indian Village |url= http://www.kancoll.org/articles/raynesford/raynotes.htm |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20030123140335/http://www.kancoll.org/articles/raynesford/raynotes.htm |url-status= dead |archive-date= January 23, 2003 |year= 1953 |access-date= December 4, 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{citation |title= 19th Century Kansas Trails |publisher= Kansas Department of Transportation |url= http://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/SpecialInterestStateMaps/histrailV8.PDF |access-date= December 4, 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author= Carson Bear |title= A Nearly Pristine Pawnee Tipi Ring Site Preserved for More Than a Century |work= National Trust for Historic Preservation |url= https://savingplaces.org/stories/a-nearly-pristine-pawnee-tipi-ring-site-preserved-for-more-than-a-century#.W3DByehKiCi |date= April 4, 2018 |access-date= December 4, 2021 }}</ref> The United States established forts throughout the territory to provide security for established commercial trade trails, including the [[Smoky Hill Trail]] and the [[Santa Fe Trail]]. The Smoky Hill Trail passed through the Salina site where the [[Fort Riley]]/[[Fort Larned]] Road split off to cross the Smoky Hill River to the southwest.{{citation needed|date=April 2022}}
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