Editing Rosales (section)

==Phylogeny==
The [[phylogenetic tree|relationships]] of Rosales families were resolved in a [[molecular phylogenetic]] [[Research|study]] based on two [[Cell nucleus|nuclear]] [[gene]]s and ten [[chloroplast]] genes:<ref name="zhang2011">{{cite journal | last1 = Shu-dong Zhang | first1 = De-zhu Li | last2 = Soltis | first2 = Douglas E.|author-link2=Douglas E. Soltis | last3 = Yang | first3 = Yang | last4 = Ting-shuang | first4 = Yi | title = Multi-gene analysis provides a well-supported phylogeny of Rosales | journal = Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume = 60 | issue = 1| pages = 21–28 | doi = 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.04.008 | pmid = 21540119 | date=July 2011| bibcode = 2011MolPE..60...21Z }}</ref>

{{clade| style=line-height:75%;
|label1='''Rosales'''
|1={{clade
   |1=[[Rosaceae]]
   |2={{clade
      |1={{clade
         |1=[[Rhamnaceae]]
         |2={{clade
            |1=[[Elaeagnaceae]]
            |2={{clade
               |1=[[Barbeyaceae]]
               |2=[[Dirachmaceae]]
               }}
            }}
         }}
      |label2=urticalean rosids
      |2={{clade
         |1=[[Ulmaceae]]
         |2={{clade
            |1=[[Cannabaceae]]
            |2={{clade
               |1=[[Moraceae]]
               |2=[[Urticaceae]]
               }}
            }}
         }}
      }}
   }}
}}

The order Rosales is divided into three [[clade]]s that have never been assigned a [[taxonomic rank]]. The [[Basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] clade consists of the family Rosaceae; another clade consists of four families, including [[Rhamnaceae]]; and the third clade consists of the four [[Urticales|urticalean]] families.<ref name="soltis2011">Douglas E. Soltis, et alii. (28 authors). 2011. "Angiosperm Phylogeny: 17 genes, 640 taxa". ''American Journal of Botany'' '''98'''(4):704-730. {{doi|10.3732/ajb.1000404}}</ref>

The order is a [[sister taxon|sister]] to a [[clade]] consisting of [[Fagales]] and [[Cucurbitales]].<ref name="wang2009">{{citation |author1=Hengchang Wang |author2=Michael J. Moore |author3=Pamela S. Soltis |author-link3=Pamela S. Soltis |author4=Charles D. Bell |author5=Samuel F. Brockington |author6=Roolse Alexandre |author7=Charles C. Davis |author8=Maribeth Latvis |author9=Steven R. Manchester |author10=Douglas E. Soltis |author-link10=Douglas E. Soltis  |name-list-style=amp | title = Rosid radiation and the rapid rise of angiosperm-dominated forests | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | volume = 106 | issue = 10 | pages = 3853–3858 | date = 10 Mar 2009 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0813376106 | pmid = 19223592 | pmc = 2644257 |bibcode=2009PNAS..106.3853W |doi-access=free }}</ref>