Editing Riverside, California (section)

==Geography==
Riverside is the [[List of United States cities by population|59th-most populous]] city in the United States, the 12th-most populous city in California, and the largest city in California's [[Inland Empire]] metro area. According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has an area of {{convert|81.4|sqmi|km2|1||sp=us}}, of which {{convert|81.1|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{convert|0.3|sqmi|km2}} (0.37%) is water. The elevation of downtown Riverside is {{convert|860|ft|m}}. Hills within the city limits include [[Mount Rubidoux]], a city landmark and tourist attraction. Riverside is surrounded by small and large mountains, some of which get a dusting of winter snow. Many residents also enjoy the many beaches of Southern California. Riverside is about a {{convert|47|mi|km|adj=on}} drive to the Pacific Ocean and is close to Orange County and Los Angeles County.<ref>{{cite web|author=calculate travel time |url=http://www.travelmath.com/flying-distance/from/Riverside,+CA/to/Laguna+Beach,+CA |title=Flight Distance from Riverside, CA to Laguna Beach, CA |publisher=Travelmath.com |access-date=February 8, 2013}}</ref>
{{wide image|Birdeye, Riverside, California.jpg|800px|A panorama of Riverside, California, taken from the summit of [[Mount Rubidoux]], 1908}}

===Cityscape===
{{wide image|Riverside_Panorama.jpg|900px|A 360-degree panorama of Riverside, California, taken from the summit of [[Mount Rubidoux]]}}

===Landmarks===
{{Main|List of landmarks in Riverside, California}}
[[File:MissionInnEntry.jpg|thumb|right|[[The Mission Inn Hotel & Spa|The Mission Inn]]]]

Riverside is home to the historic [[The Mission Inn Hotel & Spa|Mission Inn]], the [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts style]] [[commons:Category:Riverside County Courthouse|Riverside County Historic Courthouse]] (based on the [[Petit Palais]] in Paris, France), and the [[Riverside Fox Theater]], where the first showing of the 1939 film ''[[Gone with the Wind (film)|Gone with the Wind]]'' took place. The theater was purchased by the city and refurbished as part of the Riverside Renaissance Initiative.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riversiderenaissance.org/default.aspx|title=Riverside Renaissance Initiative|access-date=January 30, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090611001522/http://www.riversiderenaissance.org/default.aspx|archive-date=June 11, 2009|url-status=usurped}}</ref> The Fox Theater underwent extensive renovation and restoration, which was completed in 2009, to turn the old cinema into a performing arts theater.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riversiderenaissance.org/projectsdetail.aspx?List=cc0f2a9b-9a5b-4533-933e-bcafae5946fd&ID=8&Source=http://www.riversiderenaissance.org/projects_arts.aspx|title=rehabilitation|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511110044/http://www.riversiderenaissance.org/projectsdetail.aspx?List=cc0f2a9b%2D9a5b%2D4533%2D933e%2Dbcafae5946fd&ID=8&Source=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eriversiderenaissance%2Eorg%2Fprojects%5Farts%2Easpx|archive-date=May 11, 2008}}</ref> The building was expanded to hold 1,600 seats and the stage was enlarged to accommodate Broadway-style performances. In January 2010, singer [[Sheryl Crow]] opened the newly remodeled Fox Theater in a nearly sold-out show.<ref>Franko, Vanessa. ''[http://www.pe.com/reports/2010/fox/stories/PE_News_Local_W_sheryl23.4470f39.html Sheryl Crow opens the first night of entertainment at the Fox] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100316211551/http://www.pe.com/reports/2010/fox/stories/PE_News_Local_W_sheryl23.4470f39.html |date=March 16, 2010 }}'', The Press-Enterprise, January 22, 2010. Retrieved July 23, 2010.</ref>

[[File:Victorian Historical House.jpg|thumbnail|left|200px|One of the remaining [[Queen Anne style architecture in the United States|Queen Anne-style]] houses from the 19th century]]

Riverside is the home of the "World's Largest Paper Cup" (actually made of concrete), which is over three stories ({{convert|68.10|ft|m|abbr=on|disp=semicolon}} ) tall. The "[[Dixie Cup]]" landmark is on Iowa Street just north of Palmyrita, in front of what was once the Dixie Corporation's manufacturing plant (now closed down).

Three notable hills are in Riverside's scenic landscape: [[Box Springs Mountain]], Evans (Jurupa) Hill and Tecolote Hill; all of which are preserved open spaces. South of Riverside is [[Lake Mathews]]. There is also the well-known landmark/foothill [[Mount Rubidoux]], which is next to the Santa Ana River and one of the most noticeable landmarks in the downtown area. This foothill is the dividing line between the town of [[Rubidoux]] and the city of Riverside.

[[March Joint Air Reserve Base]] borders Riverside on the east serving as a divider between the city and [[Moreno Valley]]. March ARB, founded in 1918, is the oldest operating Air Force base west of the Mississippi River.

At the entrance to Riverside from the [[California State Route 60|60 freeway]] sits [[Fairmount Park (Riverside, California)|Fairmount Park]]. This extensive urban oasis was designed by the firm founded by [[Frederick Law Olmsted]], which had designed New York's Central Park.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riversideca.gov/park_rec/facilities.asp|title=City of Riverside, California - Park & Recreation|work=riversideca.gov|access-date=October 8, 2010|archive-date=October 6, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006091711/http://www.riversideca.gov/park_rec/facilities.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> It includes a stocked pond that is home to many species of birds. On nearby private land is the former site of Spring Rancheria, a [[Cahuilla]] village.

===Neighborhoods===
[[File:Riversidehomes.JPG|thumb|right|Homes in Riverside]]
The city of Riverside has 28 designated "neighborhoods" within the city limits.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riversideca.gov/neighborhoods/neighborhoods-map.asp|title=Riverside, California - City of Arts & Innovation - At Home in Riverside|work=riversideca.gov}}</ref> These include Airport, Alessandro Heights, Arlanza, [[Arlington, California|Arlington]], Arlington Heights, Arlington South, [[Canyon Crest Heights, California|Canyon Crest]], [[Casa Blanca, California|Casa Blanca]], Downtown, [http://www.riversider.org Eastside], Grand, Hawarden Hills, Hillside Hunter Industrial Park, La Sierra, La Sierra Acres, La Sierra Hills, La Sierra South, Magnolia Center, Mission Grove, Northside, Orangecrest, Presidential Park, Ramona, Sycamore Canyon Park, Sycamore Canyon Springs, University, Victoria and Wood Streets.

East of downtown is the originally named "Eastside". which grew out of a ''colonia'' inhabited by Mexican immigrant workers in the orange groves, other orchards and produce fields. The area these people lived in was originally a settlement called [[La Placita, California|La Placita]] that predated the city, being founded in 1843. Mexican communities were also formed in the barrio of Casa Blanca during the early 20th century.

===Annexations===
The city council has proposed many [[Municipal annexation in the United States|annexations]] of nearby unincorporated communities that would increase Riverside's population and land area significantly. Most notable is the Lake Hills/Victoria Grove area, which would extend the city's southwestern borders to Lake Mathews.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riversideca.gov/planning/annex.asp|title=Riverside, California - City of Arts & Innovation - Planning|website=www.riversideca.gov|access-date=March 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081115010005/http://www.riversideca.gov/planning/annex.asp|archive-date=November 15, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref>

====Current proposals====
[[File:annexr.png|thumb|300px|right|City limit map which shows possible annexations]]
* 97 Berry Road
* 103 Barton/Gem
* 104 I-215 Corridor
* 105 Sycamore/Central
* 106 East Blaine
* 107 Alta Cresta Remainder
* 108 Lake Hills/Victoria Grove
* 111 University City
* 112 Kaliber
* 113 Barton/Station

====Potential annexations====
* A Center Street
* B Highgrove
* C Spring Mountain Ranch (92)
* D Canyon Ridge
* E Woodcrest
* F Gateway

===Features===
[[File:RiversideCA VictoriaAve.jpg|thumb|right|[[Victoria Avenue (Riverside, California)|Victoria Avenue]] is an important citrus-lined paseo.]]
Riverside is home to the [[University of California, Riverside]]. The [[University of California, Riverside, Botanic Gardens|UCR Botanical Gardens]] contains {{convert|40|acre|ha}} of unusual plants, with {{convert|4|mi|km|spell=in}} of walking trails.

Another notable university in the city is La Sierra University, whose 150-acre (61 ha) campus<ref>{{Cite web |title=About La Sierra University - La Sierra University |url=https://lasierra.edu/about/la-sierra-university/ |access-date=2025-01-30 |website=lasierra.edu |language=en-us}}</ref> is located in Riverside’s La Sierra neighborhood.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Riverside, California {{!}} City of Arts & Innovation {{!}} At Home in Riverside |url=https://www.riversideca.gov/athomeinriverside/neighborhoods-lasierra.asp |access-date=2025-01-30 |website=www.riversideca.gov}}</ref> The university is home to the World Museum of Natural History, which showcases systematic displays of amphibians, birds, mammals, and reptiles. The specimens are presented through sculpture and freeze-dry taxidermy exhibits.<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Museum of Natural History - La Sierra University |url=https://lasierra.edu/world-museum-of-natural-history/ |access-date=2025-01-30 |website=lasierra.edu |language=en-us}}</ref>

The city prides itself on its historic connection to the navel orange, which was introduced to North America from Brazil in 1874. Riverside is home to the one surviving Parent Navel Orange Tree, from which all American West Coast navel orange trees are descended.

There are three hospitals in Riverside.<ref>California Department of Health Services</ref>
* Riverside Community Hospital is a General Acute Care [[Hospital]] with Basic Emergency Services and a Level I [[Trauma center|Trauma Center]] as of 2020.
* Parkview Community Hospital Medical Center is a General Acute Care Hospital with Basic Emergency Services as of 2006.
* Kaiser Foundation Hospital&nbsp;– Riverside is a General Acute Care Hospital with Basic Emergency Services as of 2006.

Riverside is also home to the [[Riverside Public Library]] system. Branches include: Arlanza, Arlington, La Sierra, Marcy, Main, Orange Terrace, Eastside Cybrary, and Casa Blanca.

Convention facilities are available at several locations. The [[Riverside Convention Center]], remodeled in 2014, offers {{convert|66000|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} indoors and {{convert|14000|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} of outdoor space. Also available is the Riverside [[Marriott International|Marriott]] with {{convert|14000|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} indoors, and the [[The Mission Inn Hotel & Spa|Mission Inn]] with {{convert|15000|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} indoors and {{convert|5000|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} outdoors.<ref>[http://www.riversidecvb.com/meetings_conventions/default.aspx Riverside Convention Center and Visitor's Bureau] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715192350/http://www.riversidecvb.com/meetings_conventions/default.aspx |date=July 15, 2011 }}. Retrieved October 30, 2010.</ref> All three facilities are located within walking distance of one another in downtown Riverside. Meetings with an academic focus are also held at the University of California, Riverside.

===Cemeteries===
Cemeteries in Riverside include:
* Crestlawn Memorial Park; notable burials include [[Medal of Honor]] recipient [[George Alan Ingalls]], baseball player [[Mike Darr]], actor [[Roland Harrah III]], and actor [[Darwood Kaye]].
* [[Evergreen Cemetery (Riverside, California)|Evergreen Cemetery]]; notable burials include [[Marcella Craft]], [[Frank Augustus Miller]], [[John W. North]], [[Eliza Tibbets]], and [[Al Wilson (singer)|Al Wilson]].
* Olivewood Memorial Park;<ref>{{Coord|33|57|10|N|117|22|44|W|region:US-CA|display=i}} {{GNIS|246894|Olivewood Cemetery}}</ref> notable burials include [[Medal of Honor]] recipient [[Jesus S. Duran]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Santschi|first=Darrell R.|title=Riverside med to get top honor: Jesus S. Duran and Salvador J. Lara will be awarded the Medal of Honor|newspaper=[[The Press-Enterprise]]|date=February 23, 2014}}</ref> [[Murder of Travis Alexander|Travis Alexander]], [[Dorothy Burgess]], Mayor [[Ben H. Lewis]], [[Del Lord]], [[Death of Gloria Ramirez|Gloria Ramirez]], and [[Eric Show]].
* [[Riverside National Cemetery]], established in 1976, is the largest cemetery managed by the [[United States National Cemetery|National Cemetery Administration]], and since 2000 has been the most active in the system based on the number of interments.
* [[Sherman Indian High School#Sherman Cemetery|Sherman Indian High School Cemetery]], [[Home Gardens, California|Home Gardens]]

===Climate===
Riverside experiences a [[semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''BSh'') bordering on an [[arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''BWh'') with hot, dry summers and mild, relatively wet winters. Normal monthly mean temperatures range from {{convert|54.8|°F|1}} in December to {{convert|79.8|°F|1}} in August.<ref name = "NCDC txt KRAL">{{cite web | url = ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/1981-2010/products/station/USW00003171.normals.txt | title = Station Name: CA RIVERSIDE MUNI AP | publisher = National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration | access-date = April 18, 2018}}</ref> On average, temperatures reach the freezing mark and {{convert|100|°F|1}} on 3.5 and 21.6 days annually, respectively.<ref name = "NCDC txt KRAL"/> Record temperatures range from {{convert|18|°F|1}} on January 15, 1911, up to {{convert|118|°F|1}} on July 17, 1925, June 16, 1917, and July 6, 2018.<ref name="NOWData SGX">{{cite web| url=https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=sgx| title = NOW Data — NOAA Online Weather Data| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]| access-date = April 18, 2018}}</ref> On average, Riverside receives {{convert|9.39|in|mm|abbr=on}} of precipitation annually, with measurable precipitation occurring on 35 days, with almost all of it between November and April, with February the wettest month.<ref name="NCDC COOP">{{cite web| url = ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/1981-2010/products/station/USC00047470.normals.txt| title = CA Riverside Fire STN 3| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]| access-date = April 18, 2018}}</ref> The wettest "rain year" was from July 1940 to June 1941 with {{convert|22.72|in|mm|1|disp=or}} and the driest from July 1960 to June 1961 with only {{convert|2.79|in|mm|1|disp=or}}.

{{Weather box|location = Riverside, California ([[Riverside Municipal Airport]]) (1991&ndash;2020 normals, extremes 1893&ndash;present)
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F =  94
|Feb record high F =  94
|Mar record high F = 102
|Apr record high F = 105
|May record high F = 110
|Jun record high F = 118
|Jul record high F = 118
|Aug record high F = 113
|Sep record high F = 117
|Oct record high F = 109
|Nov record high F = 100
|Dec record high F =  94
| Jan avg record high F = 83.1
| Feb avg record high F = 83.3
| Mar avg record high F = 87.8
| Apr avg record high F = 94.2
| May avg record high F = 97.1
| Jun avg record high F = 101.3
| Jul avg record high F = 105.1
| Aug avg record high F = 106.6
| Sep avg record high F = 106.2
| Oct avg record high F = 99.8
| Nov avg record high F = 91.0
| Dec avg record high F = 82.6
|year avg record high F = 109.6
|Jan high F = 67.7
|Feb high F = 67.9
|Mar high F = 72.1
|Apr high F = 75.9
|May high F = 79.9
|Jun high F = 86.7
|Jul high F = 93.3
|Aug high F = 94.9
|Sep high F = 91.3
|Oct high F = 82.7
|Nov high F = 74.5
|Dec high F = 66.8
|year high F= 79.5

|Jan mean F = 55.6
|Feb mean F = 56.3
|Mar mean F = 59.5
|Apr mean F = 62.9
|May mean F = 67.6
|Jun mean F = 73.0
|Jul mean F = 78.6
|Aug mean F = 79.8
|Sep mean F = 76.6
|Oct mean F = 68.9
|Nov mean F = 61.0
|Dec mean F = 54.8
|year mean F =

|Jan low F = 43.6
|Feb low F = 44.7
|Mar low F = 46.9
|Apr low F = 50.0
|May low F = 55.3
|Jun low F = 59.3
|Jul low F = 63.9
|Aug low F = 64.7
|Sep low F = 61.9
|Oct low F = 55.2
|Nov low F = 47.4
|Dec low F = 42.8
|year low F= 53.0
| Jan avg record low F = 34.0
| Feb avg record low F = 36.0
| Mar avg record low F = 38.8
| Apr avg record low F = 42.3
| May avg record low F = 48.3
| Jun avg record low F = 53.8
| Jul avg record low F = 58.6
| Aug avg record low F = 59.0
| Sep avg record low F = 54.5
| Oct avg record low F = 46.7
| Nov avg record low F = 38.0
| Dec avg record low F = 33.2
|year avg record low F = 31.5
|Jan record low F = 18
|Feb record low F = 24
|Mar record low F = 25
|Apr record low F = 29
|May record low F = 33
|Jun record low F = 35
|Jul record low F = 41
|Aug record low F = 40
|Sep record low F = 37
|Oct record low F = 30
|Nov record low F = 23
|Dec record low F = 21
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 2.29
|Feb precipitation inch = 2.41
|Mar precipitation inch = 1.21
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.57
|May precipitation inch = 0.20
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.04
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.12
|Aug precipitation inch = 0.03
|Sep precipitation inch = 0.11
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.33
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.57
|Dec precipitation inch = 1.51
|year precipitation inch= 9.39
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 4.8
|Feb precipitation days = 6.9
|Mar precipitation days = 5.2
|Apr precipitation days = 3.9
|May precipitation days = 1.6
|Jun precipitation days = 0.2
|Jul precipitation days = 0.7
|Aug precipitation days = 0.5
|Sep precipitation days = 0.5
|Oct precipitation days = 2.3
|Nov precipitation days = 3.6
|Dec precipitation days = 5.1
|year precipitation days=
|source 1 = NWS<ref>{{cite web|url=https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=sgx|title=Climate}}</ref>
|source 2 = NOAA<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00003171&format=pdf |title=Summary of Monthly Normals |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information |access-date=July 19, 2022}}</ref>
}}

===Environment===
The Riverside area faces issues of [[smog]] and above-average levels of [[air pollution]]. Southern California is the only extreme nonattainment area for ozone and is one of only three severe nonattainment areas for particulate matter.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.epa.gov/green-book |website=EPA Green Book |access-date=April 28, 2025 |title=Nonattainment Areas for Criteria Pollutants (Green Book) |date=April 14, 2016 }}</ref> In a comparison by the National Campaign Against Dirty Air Power (2003), the Riverside-[[San Bernardino]]-[[Ontario, California|Ontario]] area was found to be one of the most polluted regions based on year-round particle measurements when compared to other U.S. cities.<ref>{{cite journal |title= Air pollution and lung development |year=2004 |pmid=15356303 |url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/abstract/351/11/1057 |access-date=March 17, 2006|last1=Gauderman |first1=W. J. |last2=Avol |first2=E. |last3=Gilliland |first3=F. |last4=Vora |first4=H. |last5=Thomas |first5=D. |last6=Berhane |first6=K. |last7=McConnell |first7=R. |last8=Kuenzli |first8=N. |last9=Lurmann |first9=F. |last10=Rappaport |first10=E. |last11=Margolis |first11=H. |last12=Bates |first12=D. |last13=Peters |first13=J. |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=351 |issue=11 |pages=1057–1067 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa040610 |doi-access=free }}</ref> The city made efforts to reduce pollution by incorporating additional means of [[mass transit]] ([[Metrolink (California)|Metrolink]]) and equipping its entire fleet of buses with [[natural gas]]. Smog decreased considerably over the next few years as local municipalities and counties worked with the [[South Coast Air Quality Management District]] to implement measures to improve regional air quality.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scaqmd.org|title=California Air District Website Links|work=scaqmd.org}}</ref> In 2020, the American Lung Association rated Riverside County one of the nation's worst counties for smog.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wisckol |first1=Martin |title=Worst smog in America is in LA metro region |url=https://www.ocregister.com/2020/04/20/worst-smog-in-america-is-in-l-a-metro-region/ |publisher=[[Orange County Register]] |access-date=October 29, 2020 |date=April 21, 2020}}</ref> Most of Riverside's smog problems are the result of the prevailing wind patterns that blow the smog from the [[Los Angeles Basin]] and particulates generated by southern California's multitude of vehicles, and the [[Port of Los Angeles]] and [[Port of Long Beach]] into the [[Inland Empire]].