Editing Resource Description Framework (section)

== History ==
The initial RDF design, intended to "build a vendor-neutral and operating system- independent system of metadata",<ref name="press-release-1997">{{Cite news| title = World Wide Web Consortium Publishes Public Draft of Resource Description Framework| work = W3C| location = Cambridge, MA| date = 1997-10-03| url = http://www.w3.org/Press/RDF |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622121722/http://www.w3.org/Press/RDF |archive-date= Jun 22, 2022 }}</ref>  derived from the W3C's [[Platform for Internet Content Selection]] (PICS), an early web content labelling system,<ref name="lash" /> but the project was also shaped by ideas from [[Dublin Core]], and from the [[Meta Content Framework]] (MCF),<ref name="press-release-1997" /> which had been developed during 1995 to 1997 by [[Ramanathan V. Guha]] at [[Apple Computer|Apple]] and [[Tim Bray]] at [[Netscape Communications Corporation|Netscape]].<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = O’Reilly| isbn = 978-0-596-00881-9| last = Hammersley| first = Ben| title = Developing Feeds with RSS and Atom| pages = [https://archive.org/details/developingfeedsw0000hamm/page/2 2–3]| location = Sebastopol| date = 2005| url = https://archive.org/details/developingfeedsw0000hamm/page/2}}</ref>

A first public draft of RDF appeared in October 1997,<ref>{{Cite web| last1 = Lassila| first1 = Ora| last2 = Swick| first2 = Ralph R.| title = Resource Description Framework (RDF): Model and Syntax| website = W3C| access-date = 2015-11-24| date = 1997-10-02| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-rdf-syntax-971002/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Swick |first=Ralph |title=Resource Description Framework (RDF) |website=W3C |access-date=2015-11-24 |date=1997-12-11 |url=http://www13.w3.org/RDF/Overview.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980214043631/http://www13.w3.org/RDF/Overview.html |archive-date=February 14, 1998 }}</ref> issued by a W3C working group that included representatives from [[IBM]], [[Microsoft]], [[Netscape]], [[Nokia]], [[Reuters]], [[SoftQuad Software|SoftQuad]], and the [[University of Michigan]].<ref name="lash">{{Cite news|last=Lash |first=Alex |title=W3C takes first step toward RDF spec |work=CNET News |access-date=2015-11-28 |date=1997-10-03 |url=http://news.cnet.com/2100-1001-203893.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616023126/http://news.cnet.com/2100-1001-203893.html |archive-date=June 16, 2011 }}</ref>

In 1999, the W3C published the first recommended RDF specification, the ''Model and Syntax Specification'' ("RDF M&S").{{sfn|Powers|2003|p=2}} This described RDF's data model and an [[XML]] serialization.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-rdf-syntax-19990222|title=Resource Description Framework (RDF) Model and Syntax Specification| date=22 Feb 1999|access-date=5 May 2014}}</ref>

Two persistent misunderstandings about RDF developed at this time: firstly, due to the MCF influence and the RDF "Resource Description" initialism, the idea that RDF was specifically for use in representing metadata; secondly that RDF was an XML format rather than a data model, and only the RDF/XML serialisation being XML-based. RDF saw little take-up in this period, but there was significant work done in [[Bristol]], around ILRT at [[Bristol University]] and [[HP Labs]], and in Boston at [[MIT]]. [[RSS 1.0]] and [[FOAF (ontology)|FOAF]] became exemplar applications for RDF in this period.

The recommendation of 1999 was replaced in 2004 by a set of six specifications:{{sfn|Powers|2003|p=3}} "The RDF Primer",<ref>{{Citation| publisher = W3C| last1 = Manola| first1 = Frank| last2 = Miller| first2 = Eric| title = RDF Primer| access-date = 2015-11-21| date = 2004-02-10| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-primer-20040210/}}</ref> "RDF Concepts and Abstract",<ref>{{Citation| publisher = W3C| last1 = Klyne| first1 = Graham| last2 = Carroll| first2 = Jeremy J.| title = Resource Description Framework (RDF): Concepts and Abstract Syntax| access-date = 2015-11-21| date = 2004-02-10| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210/}}</ref> "RDF/XML Syntax Specification (revised)",<ref>{{Citation| publisher = W3C| last = Beckett| first = Dave| title = RDF/XML Syntax Specification (Revised)| access-date = 2015-11-21| date = 2004-02-10| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-syntax-grammar-20040210/}}</ref> "RDF Semantics",<ref>{{Citation| last = Hayes| first = Patrick| title = RDF Semantics| access-date = 2015-11-21| date = 2014-02-10| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-mt-20040210/}}</ref> "RDF Vocabulary Description Language 1.0",<ref>{{Citation| publisher = W3C| last1 = Brickley| first1 = Dan| last2 = Guha| first2 = R.V.| title = RDF Vocabulary Description Language 1.0: RDF Schema: W3C Recommendation 10 February 2004| access-date = 2015-11-21| date = 2004-02-10| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-schema-20040210/}}</ref> and "The RDF Test Cases".<ref>{{Citation| publisher = W3C| last1 = Grant| first1 = Jan| last2 = Beckett| first2 = Dave| title = RDF Test Cases| access-date = 2015-11-21| date = 2004-02-10| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-testcases-20040210/}}</ref>

This series was superseded in 2014 by the following six "RDF 1.1" documents: "RDF 1.1 Primer",<ref>{{Citation| publisher = W3C| last1 = Schreiber| first1 = Guus| last2 = Raimond| first2 = Yves| title = RDF 1.1 Primer| access-date = 2015-11-22| date = 2014-06-24| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/NOTE-rdf11-primer-20140624/}}</ref> "RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax",<ref>{{Citation| publisher = W3C| last1 = Cyganiak| first1 = Richard| last2 = Wood| first2 = David| last3 = Lanthaler| first3 = Markus| title = RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax| access-date = 2015-11-22| date = 2014-02-25| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf11-concepts-20140225/}}</ref> "RDF 1.1 XML Syntax",<ref>{{Citation| publisher = W3C| last1 = Gandon| first1 = Fabien| last2 = Schreiber| first2 = Guus| title = RDF 1.1 XML Syntax| access-date = 2015-11-22| date = 2014-02-25| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-syntax-grammar/}}</ref> "RDF 1.1 Semantics",<ref>{{Citation| publisher = W3C| last1 = Hayes| first1 = Patrick J.| last2 = Patel-Schneider| first2 = Peter F.| title = RDF 1.1 Semantics| access-date = 2015-11-22| date = 2014-02-25| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf11-mt-20140225/}}</ref> "RDF Schema 1.1",<ref>{{Citation| publisher = W3C| last1 = Brickley| first1 = Dan| last2 = Guha| first2 = R.V.| title = RDF Schema 1.1| access-date = 2015-11-22| date = 2014-02-25| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/}}</ref> and "RDF 1.1 Test Cases".<ref>{{Citation| publisher = W3C| last1 = Kellogg| first1 = Gregg| last2 = Lanthaler| first2 = Markus| title = RDF 1.1 Test Cases| access-date = 2015-11-22| date = 2014-02-25| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/NOTE-rdf11-testcases-20140225/}}</ref>