Editing Redlands, California (section)

===Lugonia and founding===
In 1842, the [[Antonio Maria Lugo|Lugo]] family bought the [[Rancho San Bernardino]] [[Ranchos of California|Mexican land grant]] and this became the first fixed settler civilization in the area. The area northwest of current Redlands, astride the [[Santa Ana River]], would become known as Lugonia.<ref>{{Cite web | title=Before the north side: Sunnyside and Lugonia – Redlands Daily Facts | url=https://www.redlandsdailyfacts.com/2008/06/28/before-the-north-side-sunnyside-and-lugonia/ | access-date=2025-02-18 | website=www.redlandsdailyfacts.com}}</ref> The region was part of [[Alta California]], a Mexican federal province until 1848, when it became part of the United States after the [[Mexican-American War]]. By 1850, California as a US state was established. The area received its first [[Anglo-Saxons|Anglo]] inhabitants in the form of several hundred [[Mormon]] pioneers, who purchased the entire ''Rancho San Bernardino'', founded nearby [[San Bernardino, California|San Bernardino]], and established a prosperous farming community watered by the many lakes and streams of the [[San Bernardino Mountains]]. The Mormon community left wholesale in 1857, recalled to [[Utah]] by [[Brigham Young]] during the tensions with the US federal government that ultimately led to the brief [[Utah War]]. [[Ben Barton|Benjamin Barton]] purchased {{convert|1000|acre|km2|0}} from the [[Latter Day Saint movement|Latter-Day Saints]] and planted extensive [[vineyard]]s and built a [[winery]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hinckley |first=Edith B. |title=On the Banks of the Zanja: The Story of Redlands |publisher=The Saunders Press |year=1951 |location=[[Claremont, California]] |page=42}}</ref>

"The first settler on the site of the present Redlands is recorded to have erected a hut at the corner of what is now Cajon St. and Cypress Ave.; he was a sheep herder, and the year, 1865," reported Ira L. Swett in "Tractions of the Orange Empire." Lugonia attracted settlers including, Barry Roberts in 1869, followed a year later by the Craw and Glover families. "The first school teacher in Lugonia, George W. Beattie, arrived in 1874—shortly followed by the town's first negro settler, Israel Beal."<ref>Swett, Ira L., "Tractions of the Orange Empire", Interurbans Special Number Forty-One, Interurbans Magazine, Los Angeles, California, August 1967, Chapter 7, ''Redlands The Beautiful'', page 61.</ref>

In the 1880s, the arrival of the [[Southern Pacific Transportation Company|Southern Pacific]] and [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe]] [[Railroad]]s, connecting [[Southern California]] to [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]] and [[Salt Lake City, Utah|Salt Lake]] triggered a land boom, with speculators such as [[John W. North]] flooding the area now known as the [[Inland Empire (California)|Inland Empire]].  North and others saw the area, with its hot, dry climate and ready access to water as an ideal center for [[citrus]] production.  The city of Redlands was soon established by Frank E. Brown, a civil engineer, and E. G. Judson, a New York stock broker, to provide a center (along with North's nearby settlement at [[Riverside, California|Riverside]]) for the burgeoning citrus industry. They named their city "Redlands" after the color of the adobe soil.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the City of Redlands |url=http://www.redlands.edu/about-redlands/7652.aspx#.U8bwV4XgyHk |access-date=July 16, 2014 |publisher=Redlands.edu}}</ref> So large had the area grown by 1888 that it was decided to incorporate. "A red-letter day in the Annals of Redlands," pronounced Scipio Craig, editor of ''The Citrograph'' newspaper, of the November 26 incorporation.<ref>Craig, Scipio, ''"HURRAH! For the City of Redlands ! ! – Incorporation Carried by a Rousing Majority"'', ''The Citrograph'', Redlands, California, Extra, November 27, 1888, Volume 3, Number -, front page.</ref><ref>Swett, Ira L., "Tractions of the Orange Empire", [[Interurban Press|Interurbans]] Special Number Forty-One, Interurbans Magazine, Los Angeles, California, August 1967, Chapter 7, ''Redlands The Beautiful'', pages 60–61.</ref> The original communities of Lugonia, Bryn Mawr, Barton, Terracina, Gladysta, parts of Mentone, and parts of Crafton were absorbed at this time. The newspaper was first published in July 1887 by The Citrograph Printing Company, which remains in 2023 as both Redlands' oldest business and the longest-operating printing company in California.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Citrograph Printing Co. Redlands CA Original Print Shop Est. 1887 |url=http://www.citrograph.com/ |website=Citrograph Printing Co.}}</ref> E. G. Judson served as the first mayor of Redlands.<ref>{{Cite web| title=Names and years of service rendered trustees of the board of directors members of the city council city of Redlands, California | url=https://www.cityofredlands.org/sites/main/files/file-attachments/councilmembers_service2018.pdf?1677621237 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811120319/https://www.cityofredlands.org/sites/main/files/file-attachments/councilmembers_service2018.pdf?1677621237 | archive-date=2023-08-11}}</ref>