Editing Recreational drug use (section)

===Evolution===
{{Main|Evolutionary models of human drug use}}
{{Further|Effect of psychoactive drugs on animals|Recreational drug use in animals}}

[[Anthropology|Anthropological research]] has suggested that humans "may have evolved to counter-exploit plant [[neurotoxin]]s". The ability to use botanical chemicals to serve the function of [[endogenous]] [[neurotransmitter]]s may have improved survival rates, conferring an evolutionary advantage. A typically restrictive prehistoric diet may have emphasized the apparent benefit of consuming [[psychoactive drug]]s, which had themselves evolved to imitate neurotransmitters.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sullivan RJ, Hagen EH, Hammerstein P |date=June 2008 |title=Revealing the paradox of drug reward in human evolution |url=https://anthro.vancouver.wsu.edu/documents/293/Sullivan_et_al_2008_Revealing_the_paradox_of_drug_reward_in_human_evolution_yZX1BuS.pdf |url-status=live |editor-last=Barrett |editor-first=S |editor-link=Spencer Barrett (evolutionary biologist) |journal=[[Proceedings. Biological Sciences]] |publisher=[[Royal Society]] |volume=275 |issue=1640 |pages=1231–41 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2007.1673 |issn=1471-2954 |lccn=92656221 |oclc=1764614 |pmc=2367444 |pmid=18353749 |s2cid=1102991 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228123846/https://anthro.vancouver.wsu.edu/documents/293/Sullivan_et_al_2008_Revealing_the_paradox_of_drug_reward_in_human_evolution_yZX1BuS.pdf |archive-date=28 December 2021 |access-date=28 December 2021}}</ref> Chemical–ecological adaptations and the genetics of [[hepatic]] [[enzymes]], particularly [[cytochrome P450]], have led researchers to propose that "humans have shared a co-evolutionary relationship with [[psychotropic]] plant substances that is millions of years old."<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sullivan RJ, Hagen EH, Hammerstein P |date=April 2002 |title=Psychotropic substance-seeking: evolutionary pathology or adaptation? |editor-last=Marsden |editor-first=J |journal=Addiction |volume=97 |issue=4 |pages=389–400 |doi=10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00024.x |issn=1360-0443 |lccn=93645978 |oclc=27367194 |pmid=11964056 |s2cid=16713730|doi-access=free }}</ref>