Editing Real Madrid CF (section)

===Early years (1902–1943)===
[[File:Julián Palacios.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Julián Palacios]], the first president of the club in 1900–1902]]
Real Madrid's origins go back to when football was introduced to Madrid by the academics and students of the ''[[Institución Libre de Enseñanza]]'', which included several [[University of Cambridge|Cambridge]] and [[Oxford]] University graduates.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-28 |title=Real Madrid {{!}} History & Notable Players {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Real-Madrid |access-date=2024-05-28 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> They founded ''(Sociedad) Sky Football'' in 1897, commonly known as ''La Sociedad'' (The Society) as it was the only one based in Madrid, playing on Sunday mornings at Moncloa. 

In 1900, conflict between members caused some of them to leave and create a new club, ''Nueva Sociedad de Football'' (New Society of Football), to distinguish themselves from ''Sky Football''. Among the dissenters were [[Julián Palacios]], recognized as the first Real Madrid president, [[Juan Padrós]] and [[Carlos Padrós]], the latter two being brothers and future presidents of Real Madrid. In 1901, this new club was renamed as Madrid Football Club. Later, following a restructuring in 1902, ''Sky'' was renamed as "[[New Foot-Ball Club]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cihefe.es/cuadernosdefutbol/2013/12/%C2%BFen-que-siglo-se-fundo-el-real-madrid/|publisher=CIHEFE|title=In what century was Real Madrid founded?|language=es|date=16 November 2013|access-date=9 July 2017|archive-date=14 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220714234407/http://www.cihefe.es/cuadernosdefutbol/2013/12/%C2%BFen-que-siglo-se-fundo-el-real-madrid/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last= Rowley |first=Christopher|title=The Shared Origins of Football, Rugby, and Soccer.|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn= 978-1-4422-4618-8|date=2015}}</ref><ref name="Ball, Phil p. 117">Ball, Phil p. 117.</ref> 

On 6 March 1902, after a new board presided by Juan Padrós had been elected, Madrid Football Club was officially founded.<ref name="Real Madrid turns 106 (I)">{{cite web | title = Pre-history and first official title (1900–1910) | url = http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1202730681095/noticia/Noticia/Real_Madrid_turns_106_(I).htm | publisher = Realmadrid.com | access-date = 12 July 2008 | author = Luís Miguel González | url-status=dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081229094130/http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1202730681095/noticia/Noticia/Real_Madrid_turns_106_%28I%29.htm | archive-date = 29 December 2008}}</ref> The Padrós brothers summoned other football enthusiasts to a meeting in the back room of ''Al Capricho'', the family business. They viewed football as a mass sport that should be accessible to representatives of all social classes, and thought the new club should embody that idea. The brothers proposed the name, Madrid Football Club, which was unanimously accepted. The membership fee was also set, two [[Spanish peseta|pesetas]] a month, and the color of the shirt was chosen to be white in honour of a famous English team [[Corinthian F.C.|Corinthian]], which Juan Padrós had met on one of his trips.<ref name="sapiens.cat">{{cite web|url=https://www.sapiens.cat/epoca-historica/historia-contemporania/els-fundadors-catalans-del-reial-madrid_201903_102.html|title=The Catalan founders of Real Madrid|editor=Sàpiens Editions|access-date=18 July 2022|archive-date=30 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130144544/https://www.sapiens.cat/epoca-historica/historia-contemporania/els-fundadors-catalans-del-reial-madrid_201903_102.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=A Catalan founded Real Madrid|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1992/12/27/pagina-2/1275104/pdf.html|publisher=Mundo Deportivo|access-date=19 July 2022|author=Tomás Guasch|date=27 December 1992|archive-date=13 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413161709/http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1992/12/27/pagina-2/1275104/pdf.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Madrid C.F. 1905-06.jpg|thumb|Madrid FC team in 1906]]
Three years after its founding, in [[1905 Copa del Rey|1905]], ''Madrid FC'' won its first title after defeating [[Athletic Bilbao]] in the [[Copa del Rey|Spanish Cup]] final. The club became one of the founding sides of the [[Royal Spanish Football Federation]] on 4 January 1909, when club president [[Adolfo Meléndez]] signed the foundation agreement of the Spanish FA. After moving between several grounds, the team relocated to the ''[[Campo de O'Donnell]]'' in 1912.<ref name="History&nbsp;— Chapter 1 - From the Estrada Lot to the nice, little O'Donnel pitch">{{cite web|title=History&nbsp;— Chapter 1&nbsp;– From the Estrada Lot to the nice, little O'Donnel pitch |url=http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/Santiago_Bernabeu/1193041512791/Historia/History.htm |publisher=Realmadrid.com |access-date=11 July 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706214852/http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/Santiago_Bernabeu/1193041512791/Historia/History.htm |archive-date=6 July 2008 }}</ref> In 1920, the club's name was changed to Real Madrid after [[Alfonso XIII|King Alfonso XIII]] granted the title of Real (Royal) to the club.<ref>{{cite web | title = Bernabéu's debut to the title of ''Real'' (1911–1920) | url = http://www.realmadrid.com/en/about-real-madrid/history/football/1911-1920-madrid-comes-together-and-receives-the-title-of-real | publisher = Realmadrid.com | access-date = 12 July 2008 | author = Luís Miguel González | archive-date = 3 September 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220903170947/https://www.realmadrid.com/en/about-real-madrid/history/football/1911-1920-madrid-comes-together-and-receives-the-title-of-real | url-status = live }}</ref>

In [[1929 La Liga|1929]], the first [[La Liga|Spanish football league]] was founded. Real Madrid led the first league season until the last match, a loss to Athletic Bilbao, meant they finished runners-up to Barcelona.<ref name="Real Madrid turns 106 (III)">{{cite web | title = A spectacular leap towards the future (1921–1930) | url = http://www.realmadrid.com/en/about-real-madrid/history/football/1921-1930-real-madrid-becomes-an-international-symbol | publisher = Realmadrid.com | date = 28 February 2007 | access-date = 12 July 2008 | author = Luís Miguel González | archive-date = 3 September 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220903172451/https://www.realmadrid.com/en/about-real-madrid/history/football/1921-1930-real-madrid-becomes-an-international-symbol | url-status = live }}</ref> Real Madrid won its first league title in the [[1931–32 La Liga|1931–32 season]] and retained it [[1932–33 La Liga|the following year]].<ref name="Real Madrid turns 106 (IV)">{{cite web|title=First leagues titles and Civil War (1931–1940)|url=http://www.realmadrid.com/en/about-real-madrid/history/football/1931-1940-first-league-titles-and-breakout-of-the-civil-war|publisher=Realmadrid.com|access-date=29 May 2021|first=Luís Miguel|last=González|work=Real Madrid C.F. - Web Oficial |archive-date=3 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220903170936/https://www.realmadrid.com/en/about-real-madrid/history/football/1931-1940-first-league-titles-and-breakout-of-the-civil-war|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 14 April 1931, the arrival of the [[Second Spanish Republic]] caused the club to lose the title Real and the royal crown on its emblem, going back to being named Madrid Football Club until the end of the [[Spanish Civil War]]. Football continued during the Second World War, and on 13 June 1943, [[Real Madrid v FC Barcelona (1943 Copa del Generalísimo)|Madrid beat Barcelona 11–1]] in the second leg of the [[1943 Copa del Generalísimo#Semi-finals|Copa del Generalísimo semi-finals]], the Spanish Cup having been renamed in honour of [[Francisco Franco|General Franco]].{{refn|group=note|name=CdR|The Copa del Rey, as it was known for the most part of its history, was renamed to ''Copa del Presidente de la República'' by the Second Spanish Republic in 1932 and then to ''Copa del Generalísimo'' by the Francoist government in 1939.}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Real Madrid v Barcelona: six of the best 'El Clásicos'|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/la-liga/8946213/Real-Madrid-v-Barcelona-six-of-the-best-El-Clasicos.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/la-liga/8946213/Real-Madrid-v-Barcelona-six-of-the-best-El-Clasicos.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|work=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=19 December 2011|date=9 December 2011|location=London}}{{cbignore}}</ref> 

The first leg, played at the [[Camp de Les Corts|Les Corts]] in Catalonia, had ended with [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] winning 3–0. Madrid complained about all the three goals that referee Fombona Fernández had allowed for Barcelona,<ref name="p67" /> with the home supporters also whistling Madrid throughout, whom they accused of employing roughhouse tactics, and Fombona for allowing them to. The newspaper ''[[Ya (newspaper)|Ya]]'' reported the whistling as a "clear intention to attack the representatives of Spain."<ref>{{cite book|page=25 |author=[[Phil Ball (writer)|Phil Ball]]|title=Morbo: the story of Spanish football|publisher=WSC Books|location=Reading |year=2001}}</ref> Barcelona fans were banned from traveling to Madrid. The day of the second leg, the Barcelona team were insulted and stones were thrown at their bus as soon as they left their hotel. 

Barcelona's striker [[Mariano Gonzalvo]] said of the incident, "Five minutes before the game had started, our penalty area was already full of coins." Barcelona goalkeeper [[Luis Miró]] rarely approached his line—when he did, he was armed with stones. As [[Francisco Calvet]] told the story, "They were shouting: ''Reds! Separatists!''... a bottle just missed Sospedra that would have killed him if it had hit him. It was all set up."<ref>"[https://books.google.com/books?id=2l6zHv_reuUC&pg=PA70 Sid Lowe: Fear and loathing in La Liga.. Barcelona vs Real Madrid]" p. 70. Random House. 26 September 2013</ref>

Real Madrid went 2–0 up within half an hour. The third goal brought with it a sending off for Barcelona's Benito García after he made what Calvet claimed was a "completely normal tackle". Madrid's [[José Llopis Corona]] recalled: "At which point, they got a bit demoralized," while Ángel Mur countered, "at which point, we thought: 'go on then, score as many as you want'."<ref>Lowe, Sid. p. 73, 74</ref> Madrid made it 8–0 by half-time; two goals were also ruled out for offside, and proceeded to score a further three goals in the second half, to which Barcelona replied with a late consolation goal.<ref name="Spaaij 2006">{{cite book |last=Spaaij |first=Ramn |title=Understanding football hooliganism: a comparison of six Western European football clubs |year=2006 |publisher=Amsterdam University Press |location=Amsterdam |isbn=978-90-5629-445-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i21W_KN_iUMC&pg=284 |access-date=19 December 2011 |archive-date=11 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111142827/https://books.google.com/books?id=i21W_KN_iUMC&pg=284 |url-status=live }}</ref> 

According to football writer [[Sid Lowe]], "There have been relatively few mentions of the game [since] and it is not a result that has been particularly celebrated in Madrid. Indeed, the 11–1 occupies a far more prominent place in Barcelona's history. This was the game that first formed the identification of Madrid as the team of the dictatorship and Barcelona as its victims."<ref name="p67">"[https://books.google.com/books?id=2l6zHv_reuUC&pg=PA67 Sid Lowe: Fear and loathing in La Liga.. Barcelona vs Real Madrid]" p. 67. Random House. 26 September 2013</ref> Fernando Argila, Barcelona's reserve goalkeeper from the 1943 match, said: "There was no rivalry. Not, at least, until that game."<ref>"[https://books.google.com/books?id=2l6zHv_reuUC&pg=PA77 Sid Lowe: Fear and loathing in La Liga.. Barcelona vs Real Madrid]" p. 77. Random House. 26 September 2013</ref>