Editing Rail transport in India (section)

=== 1832–1852: Industrial railways ===
In 1832, the proposal to construct the first railway line in India at [[Madras]] was made.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sOILAQAAMAAJ|title=Reports, Correspondence and Original Papers on Various Professional Subjects Connected with the Duties of the Corps of Engineers, Madras Presidency|last1=Smith|first1=John Thomas|year=1839|publisher=[[University of Virginia]]}}</ref><ref name="Hist">{{cite report|url=https://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/Heritage/2021/PDF/3%20Presentation%20Shradha%20Arora%20IRICEN%202019.pdf|title=Understanding Indian Railway Heritage|publisher=[[Indian Railways]]|page=6|access-date=1 December 2023}}</ref> In 1835, a [[railway track]] was constructed between [[Red Hills, Chennai|Red Hills]] and [[Chintadripet]] in [[Chennai|Madras]] and became operational in 1837. It was hauled by a [[Rotary engine|rotary steam engine]] imported from [[England]] and was used for ferrying [[granite]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2018/apr/16/chennai-the-track-record-1801999.html|title=Chennai: The track record|date=16 April 2018|newspaper=[[New Indian Express]]|access-date=9 August 2023}}</ref>

The [[Madras Railway]] was established in 1845.<ref name="Hist"/> Temporary railway lines were built such as the Godavari Dam Construction Railway at [[Dowleswaram]] by [[Arthur Cotton]] to supply stone for the construction of a dam over the [[Godavari River]] in 1845 and the Solani aqueduct railway, built by [[Proby Cautley]] in [[Roorkee]] to transport construction materials for an [[aqueduct (bridge)|aqueduct]] over the Solani river in 1851.<ref name="Hist"/> On 1 August 1849, the [[Great Indian Peninsular Railway]] was incorporated with a guarantee system providing free land and guaranteeing five-percent rates of return to private English companies building railways.<ref name="Hist"/> In 1852, a [[steam locomotive]] imported from England was tried at [[Byculla]].<ref name="Locoh">{{cite report|url=https://swr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1597914101378-The%20first%20%20running%20of%20%20railway%20locomotive%20%20in%20India.pdf|title=First running of a railway locomotive in India|publisher=[[Indian Railways]]|page=6|access-date=1 December 2023}}</ref>