Editing President (government title) (section)

===Commonwealth===

[[Thomas Hungerford (speaker)|Thomas Hungerford]], who became the first [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|speaker of the English House of Commons]] in 1376, used the title, "Mr. Speaker", a precedent followed by subsequent speakers of the House of Commons.

After the abolition of the monarchy, the English [[English Council of State|Council of State]], whose members were elected by the House of Commons, became the [[executive (government)|executive]] government of the Commonwealth. The Council of State was the successor of the [[Privy Council]], which had previously been headed by the [[Lord President of the Council|lord president]]; its successor the Council of State was also headed by a lord president, the first of which was [[John Bradshaw (judge)|John Bradshaw]]. However, the lord president alone was not head of state, because that office was vested in the council as a whole.

The [[speaker of the House of Commons of Canada]], established in 1867, is also addressed as "Monsieur le Président" or "Madame la Présidente" in French.