Editing Pope Innocent III (section)

===Early life===
Lotario de' Conti was born in [[Gavignano]], near [[Anagni]], southeast of [[Rome]].<ref name="catholic.encyclopedia.ott.michael.1910"/> His father, Count Trasimondo of Segni, was the first known of the [[Counts of Segni]], whose families eventually produced nine cardinals and four popes, including [[Gregory IX]], [[Pope Alexander IV|Alexander IV]], and [[Innocent XIII]]. Lotario was the nephew of [[Pope Clement III]]; his mother, Clarissa Scotti (Romani de Scotti), was from the same noble Roman family.{{sfn|Williams|1998|p=25}}

Lotario received his early education in [[Rome]], probably at the [[Camaldolese|Camaldolese Benedictine]] abbey of [[San Gregorio Magno al Celio|Sant'Andrea al Celio]] under Peter Ismael.<ref>Jane Sayers, ''Innocent III: Leader of Europe 1199–1216'' London 1994, p.&nbsp;17</ref> He studied theology in [[Paris]] under the theologians [[Peter of Poitiers]], [[Melior (cardinal)|Melior of Pisa]], and [[Peter of Corbeil]],<ref>Jane Sayers, ''Innocent III: Leader of Europe 1199–1216'' London 1994, p.&nbsp;18</ref> and (possibly) jurisprudence in [[Bologna]], according to the ''Gesta'' (between 1187 and 1189).<ref>Jane Sayers, ''Innocent III: Leader of Europe 1199–1216'' London 1994, p.&nbsp;21</ref> As pope, Lotario was to play a major role in the shaping of canon law through conciliar canons and decretal letters.<ref name="catholic.encyclopedia.ott.michael.1910"/>

Shortly after the death of [[Pope Alexander III|Alexander III]] (30 August 1181), Lotario returned to Rome and held various ecclesiastical offices during the short reigns of [[Pope Lucius III|Lucius III]], [[Pope Urban III|Urban III]], [[Pope Gregory VIII|Gregory VIII]], and Clement III, being ordained a [[Subdeacon]] by Gregory VIII and reaching the rank of [[Cardinal-Priest]] under Clement III in 1191.

As a cardinal, Lotario wrote ''[[De Miseria Condicionis Humane]]'' "On the Misery of the Human Condition".<ref>{{cite book|author=Innocentius III |title=On the misery of the human condition, De miseria humane conditions |ol=21246851M }}</ref><ref name="Moore 1981">{{cite journal|last1=Moore|first1=John C.|title=Innocent III's 'De Miseria Humanae Conditions: A Speculum Curiae?'|jstor=25021212|journal=The Catholic Historical Review |volume=67 |issue=4  |year=1981 |pages=553–564}}</ref> The work was very popular for centuries, surviving in more than 700 [[manuscript]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.textmanuscripts.com/descriptions_manuscripts/description_246.pdf|title=Lotario Dei Continue Dei Segni [Pope Innocent III], De miseria humanae conditionis [On the Misery of Human Condition] In Latin, manuscript on parchment likely Italy, c. 1250|year=2006|publisher=Les Enluminures, Ltd|access-date=13 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517112552/http://www.textmanuscripts.com/descriptions_manuscripts/description_246.pdf|archive-date=17 May 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> Although he never returned to the complementary work he intended to write, ''On the Dignity of Human Nature'', [[Bartolomeo Facio]] (1400–1457) took up the task writing ''De excellentia ac praestantia hominis''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jJnyxg3xxTEC&q=on+the+dignity+of+human+nature+pope+innocent+iii&pg=PA306 |title=The Cambridge history of Renaissance |via= Google Books |access-date=17 February 2010|isbn=978-0521397483 |last1=Schmitt |first1=C. B. |year=1988 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref>