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===Birth and studies=== Lambertini was born into a noble family of [[Bologna]], the third of five children of Marcello Lambertini and Lucrezia Bulgarini.<ref>Following his father's untimely death at the age of forty-two, his mother, aged twenty-four and a widow for only three months, married Count Luigi Bentivoglio. {{cite book|author=Giuseppe de Novaes|title=Elementi della storia de'sommi pontefici da San Pietro, sino al Pio papa VII|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=csQCAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA4|volume=Tomo decimoquarto (14)|year=1822|publisher=Francesco Bourlie|location=Roma|language=it|page=4}} Pastor, Vol. 35, p. 23. {{cite book|author1=Mario Fanti|author2=Giancarlo Roversi|title=Papi a Bologna e papi bolognesi: giubilei e pellegrinaggi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=unFOAAAAYAAJ|year=1999|publisher=HitStudio|location=Bologna|language=it|page=28}}</ref> At the time of his birth, Bologna was the second largest city in the [[Papal States]]. His earliest studies were with tutors, and then he was sent to the Convitto del Porto, staffed by the [[Somaschi Fathers]].<ref>Pastor, Vol. 35, p. 24.</ref> At the age of thirteen, he began attending the [[Collegio Clementino]] in Rome, where he studied rhetoric, Latin, philosophy, and theology (1689β1692). During his studies as a young man, he often studied the works of St. [[Thomas Aquinas]], who was his favorite author and saint. While he enjoyed studying at Collegio Clementino, his attention turned toward civil and canon law. Soon after, in 1694 at the age of nineteen, he received the degree of [[Doctor of Sacred Theology]] and [[Doctor Utriusque Juris]] (both ecclesiastical and civil law).<ref name=Healy>{{catholic|title=Pope Benedict XIV|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02432a.htm|last=Healy|first=Patrick|volume=2|year=1907|access-date=3 September 2014|inline=1}}</ref>
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