Editing Piri Reis (section)

===Early life and piracy===
Little is known about Piri Reis' background and early life.<ref name="Soucek-1992-p266">{{harvnb|Soucek|1992|p=266}}.</ref> He was likely born around 1470 in [[Gelibolu]] on the [[Dardanelles]].<ref name="Bostan-2014">{{harvnb|Bostan|2014}}.</ref> At the time, Gelibolu was a major naval base for the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref name="Soucek-1992-p266"/> He was born Muhiddin Piri; ''[[Reis (military rank)|Reis]]'' was a military rank equivalent to captain.<ref>{{multiref |{{harvnb|İnan|1954|p=6}}; |{{harvnb|McIntosh|2000a|p=5}}; |{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Reis |encyclopedia=Tureng Multilingual Dictionary |url=https://tureng.com/en/turkish-english/reis}} }}</ref> His uncle was [[Kemal Reis]].<ref name="McIntosh-2000a-p5">{{harvnb|McIntosh|2000a|p=5}}.</ref> Little is known about his parents.<ref name="Pedani-2015-p320">{{harvnb|Pedani|2015|p=320}}.</ref> Piri Reis gives his father's name as Hacı Mehmed.<ref name="McIntosh-2000a-p5" /> It is not clear from historical records whether Piri was the son of Kemal Reis' brother or sister.<ref name="Pedani-2015-p320" /> Kemal Reis had a brother-in-law from [[Nafpaktos]] who was arrested and tortured in Venice for alleged spying during the [[Ottoman–Venetian wars]]. He was possibly Piri Reis' father.<ref>{{harvnb|Pedani|2015|p=321}}.</ref>

By age 12, he began sailing with his uncle, the notable corsair Kemal Reis.<ref name="McIntosh-2000a-p5" /><ref>{{harvnb|Khair|2006|p=127}}.</ref> Corsairs are a type of [[piracy|pirate]] acting with the approval of a [[sovereign state]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Corsair |url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/corsair |website=Cambridge Dictionary}}</ref> Led by Kemal Reis, [[Barbary pirates]] threatened European maritime traffic.<ref>{{harvnb|Pryor|1988|p=193}}.</ref> Piri Reis wrote of his early years, "We sailed on the Mediterranean and fought the enemies of our religion mercilessly."<ref name="McIntosh-2000a-p6">{{harvnb|McIntosh|2000a|p=6}}.</ref> He sailed with his uncle on raids, mainly on the coasts of Italy and Spain.<ref name="Bostan-2014" /> By 1490, they were operating out of [[Béjaïa]], [[Algeria]].<ref>{{harvnb|Isom-Verhaaren|2022|p=91}}.</ref> As a corsair, Piri Reis captured many ships, a fortress near [[Mallorca]], and [[Pianosa]] near Corsica.<ref name="Bostan-2014" /> During the [[Granada War]], Piri Reis transported Muslims and Jews from [[Spain]] to North Africa.<ref name="McIntosh-2000a-p6" /> During the winters, he and his uncle took shelter in favorable harbors on the [[Barbary Coast]].<ref>{{harvnb|İnan|1954|p=9}}.</ref>