Editing Pilsner (section)

===Origin===
The city of Plzeň was granted brewing rights in 1307.<ref>{{cite web |title=Traces of the Pilsen History|url=https://www.pilsen.eu/citizen/about-the-city/history/traces-of-the-pilsen-history/traces-of-the-pilsen-history.aspx|publisher=City of Plzeň|language=cs|access-date=2021-08-29}}</ref> Until the mid-1840s, most Bohemian beers were top-[[brewing#Fermenting|fermented]]. The Pilsner Urquell Brewery, originally called in {{langx|de|Bürger-Brauerei Pilsen}} ({{langx|cs|Měšťanský pivovar Plzeň}}, {{langx|en|Plzeň Citizens' Brewery}}), is where Pilsen beer was first brewed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.prazdroj.cz/en/about-the-company/history |title=Plzeňský Prazdroj, a. s. |publisher=prazdroj.cz |access-date=17 October 2009 }}</ref>

Brewers had begun aging beer made with [[cool fermenting]] [[yeast]]s in caves ([[lager]], i.e., {{langx|de|gelagert}} [stored]), which improved the beer's clarity and [[shelf-life]]. Part of this research benefited from the knowledge already expounded on in a book (printed in German in 1794, in Czech in 1799) written by Czech brewer {{lang|cs|František Ondřej Poupě|italic=no}} ({{langx|de|Franz Andreas Paupie|links=no}}) (1753–1805) from [[Brno]].<ref>Basařová G.: Der legendäre böhmische Brauer František Ondřej Poupě (Franz Andreas Paupie) 1753–1805. Jahrbuch 2003 Gesellschaft für die Geschichte und Bibliographie des Brauwesens e.V. (GGB), (2003) 1, 128–146.</ref>

The Plzeň brewery recruited the Bavarian brewer [[Josef Groll]] (1813–1887) who, using the local ingredients, produced the first batch of pale lager on 5 October 1842. The combination of Plzeň's remarkably soft water, local [[Saaz hops|Saaz]] [[noble hops]] from nearby [[Žatec]], low-protein Moravian barley malt prepared by indirectly heated kilning, and [[Bavaria]]n-style lagering produced a clear, golden beer.{{cn|date=October 2024}}

By 1853, the beer was available at 35 pubs in [[Prague]]. In 1856, it came to [[Vienna]] and in 1862 to Paris. In 1859, {{lang|de|Pilsner Bier}} was registered as a brand name at the Chamber of Commerce and Trade in Plzeň. In 1898, the Pilsner Urquell trademark was created to put emphasis on being the original brewery (''Urquell,'' meaning 'original source').{{cn|date=October 2024}}

Some beers are labeled ''Urtyp Pilsener'' (UP) meaning they are brewed according to the original process, although many breweries use this accolade for their top beer.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ratebeer.com/beer/zipfer-urtyp/9236/|title=RateBeer|website=ratebeer.com|access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://beerandbrewing.com/dictionary/jJqEnkSesv/austria/| title = Urtyp on the ''Craft Beer and Brewing'' website}}</ref>