Editing Phorcys (section)

== Offspring ==
[[Hesiod]]'s ''[[Theogony]]'' lists the children of Phorcys and Ceto as the [[Graeae]] (naming only two: [[Pemphredo]], and [[Enyo]]), the [[Gorgons]] ([[Stheno]], [[Euryale (Gorgon)|Euryale]] and [[Medusa (mythology)|Medusa]]),<ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D270 270–276].</ref> probably [[Echidna (mythology)|Echidna]] (though the text is unclear on this point)<ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D270 295–297]. Though [[Herbert Jennings Rose]] says simply that it is "not clear which parents are meant", [[Apostolos Athanassakis|Athanassakis]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=cvSiWE0KQsYC&pg=PA44 p. 44], says that Phorcys and Ceto are the "more likely candidates for parents of this hideous creature who proceeded to give birth to a series of monsters and scourges". The problem arises from the ambiguous referent of the pronoun "she" in line 295 of the ''Theogony''. While some have read this "she" as referring to Callirhoe (e.g. Smith [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DE%3Aentry+group%3D1%3Aentry%3Dechidna-bio-1 "Echidna"]; Morford, p. 162), according to Clay, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2etBN0w0NGUC&pg=PA159 p. 159 n. 32], "the modern scholarly consensus" reads Ceto, see for example Gantz, p. 22; Caldwell, pp. 7, 46 295–303; Grimal, [https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofclas0000grim/page/142/mode/2up?view=theater s.v. Echidna, p. 143].</ref> and Ceto's  "youngest, the awful snake who guards the apples all of gold in the secret places of the dark earth at its great bounds",<ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D304 333–335].</ref> also called the Drakon Hesperios ("Hesperian Dragon", or dragon of the Hesperides) or [[Ladon (mythology)|Ladon]]. These children tend to be consistent across sources, though Ladon is often cited as a child of Echidna by [[Typhon]] and therefore Phorcys and Ceto's grandson.<ref>[[Pherecydes of Athens|Pherecydes]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA286 fr. 16b Fowler]; [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], ''Library'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.5.11 2.5.11]; [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html Preface], [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html 151].</ref>

According to [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [[Scylla]] was the daughter of [[Crataeis]], with the father being either Trienus ([[Triton (mythology)|Triton]]?) or Phorcus (a variant of [[Phorkys]]).<ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg002.perseus-eng1:e.7.20 E7.20]. Similarly the Plato scholiast, perhaps following Apollodorus, gives the mother as Crataeis and the father as Tyrrhenus or Phorcus, while [[Eustathius of Thessalonica|Eustathius]] on Homer, ''Odyssey'' 12.85 gives the father as Triton. [[Homer]], ''[[Odyssey]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text;jsessionid=0C3862DF72BDE338E6D62A24A49FEF27?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0136%3Abook%3D12%3Acard%3D111 12.124–125]; [[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0028%3Abook%3D13%3Acard%3D705 13.749], have Crataeis as mother with no father mentioned; see also [[Maurus Servius Honoratus|Servius]] on [[Virgil]] ''[[Aeneid]]'' 3.420; and schol. on [[Plato]], ''[[Republic (Plato)|Republic]]'' 588c. For discussions of the parentage of Scylla, see Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA32 p. 32], Ogden, [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA134 p. 134]; Gantz, pp. 731–732; and Frazer's note to Apollodorus, [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg002.perseus-eng1:e.7.20 E7.20].</ref> [[Apollonius of Rhodes]] has Scylla as the daughter of Phorcys and a conflated [[Hecate|Crataeis-Hecate]]. According to a fragment of [[Sophocles]], Phorcys is the father of the [[Siren (mythology)|Sirens]].<ref>Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA31 p. 31]; [[Sophocles]], [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/sophocles-fragments_not_assignable_any_play/1996/pb_LCL483.377.xml fr. 861 Lloyd-Jones, pp. 376, 377].</ref>

The scholiast on Apollonius of Rhodes cites Phorcys and Ceto as the parents of the [[Hesperides]], but this assertion is not repeated in other ancient sources.

Homer refers to [[Thoosa]], the mother of [[Polyphemus]], as a daughter of Phorcys, with no mother specified.<ref>Smith, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104:entry=phorcus-phorcys-bio-1 s.v. Phorcus, Phorcys]; [[Homer]], ''[[Odyssey]]'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-eng1:1.44-1.79 1.71&ndash;3].</ref>