Editing Percolozoa (section)

==Terminology and classification==
These are collectively referred to as schizopyrenids, amoeboflagellates, or vahlkampfids.  They also include the acrasids, a group of social amoebae that aggregate to form [[sporangium|sporangia]].  The entire group is usually called the '''Heterolobosea''', but this may be restricted to members with amoeboid stages.

One Heterolobosea classification system is:<ref name=":0" />
* Order [[Schizopyrenida]]
** Family [[Vahlkampfiidae]]
** Family [[Gruberellidae]]
* Order [[Acrasida]]
** Family [[Acrasidae]]
''Pleurostomum flabellatum'' has recently been added to Heterolobosea.<ref name="pmid17576098">{{cite journal |vauthors=Park JS, Simpson AG, Lee WJ, Cho BC |title=Ultrastructure and phylogenetic placement within Heterolobosea of the previously unclassified, extremely halophilic heterotrophic flagellate ''Pleurostomum flabellatum'' (Ruinen 1938) |journal=Protist |volume=158 |issue=3 |pages=397–413 |date=July 2007 |pmid=17576098 |doi=10.1016/j.protis.2007.03.004 }}</ref>

===Phylogeny===
Based on the cladogram from Tolweb and updated by Pánek and Čepička 2014.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Survey on diversity of marine/saline anaerobic Heterolobosea (Excavata: Discoba) with description of seven new species |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |volume=64|issue= Pt 7|pages=2280–2304 |doi=10.1099/ijs.0.063487-0 |date=2014 |pmid=24729392|doi-access=free |last1=Pánek |first1=Tomáš |last2=Ptáčková |first2=Eliška |last3=Čepička |first3=Ivan }}</ref><ref name="CavSmith 2021">{{cite journal|vauthors=Cavalier-Smith T|title=Ciliary transition zone evolution and the root of the eukaryote tree: implications for opisthokont origin and classification of kingdoms Protozoa, Plantae, and Fungi|journal=Protoplasma|doi=10.1007/s00709-021-01665-7|date=December 2021|volume=259|issue=3 |pages=487–593|pmid=34940909 |pmc=9010356}}</ref>

{{clade| style=font-size:90%;line-height:80%
|1={{Clade
  |label1=Pharyngomonada
  |1={{Clade
    |label1=Pharyngomonadea
    |1={{Clade
      |label1=Pharyngomonadida
      |1={{Clade
        |label1=Pharyngomonadidae
        |1=''[[Pharyngomonas]]''
         }}
       }}
     }}
  |label2=Tetramitia
  |2={{Clade
    |1={{Clade
    |label1=Lunosea
    |1={{Clade
      |label1=Selenaionida
      |1={{Clade
        |label1=Selenaionidae
        |1={{Clade
          |1=''[[Selenaion]]''
          |2=''[[Dactylomonas]]''
           }}
         }}
       }}
       }}
    |2={{Clade
      |label1=Neovahlkampfea
      |1={{Clade
        |label1=Neovahlkampfida 
        |1={{Clade
          |label1=Neovahlkampfiidae
          |1=''[[Neovahlkampfia]]''
           }}
         }}
      |label2=Eutetramitia
      |2={{Clade
        |label1=Lyromonadea
        |1={{Clade
          |label1=Lyromonadida
          |1={{Clade
            |1={{Clade
              |label1=Plaesiobystridae
              |1={{Clade
                |1=''[[Euplaesiobystra]]''
                |2=''[[Heteramoeba]]''
                 }}
              |label2=[[Gruberellidae]]
              |2={{Clade
                |1=''[[Vrihiamoeba]]''
                |2={{Clade
                  |1=''[[Oramoeba]]''
                  |2=''[[Stachyamoeba]]''
                   }}
                 }}
               }}
            |2={{Clade
              |label1=Paravahlkampfiidae
              |1={{Clade
                |1={{Clade
                  |1=''[[Fumarolamoeba]]''
                  |2=''[[Parafumarolamoeba]]''
                   }}
                |2=''[[Paravahlkampfia]]''
                 }}
              |label2=Psalteriomonadidae
              |2={{Clade
                |1={{Clade
                  |1=''[[Sawyeria]]''
                  |2=''[[Psalteriomonas]]''
                   }}
                |2={{Clade
                  |1=''[[Pseudoharpagon]]''
                  |2={{Clade
                    |1=''[[Pseudomastigamoeba]]''
                    |2={{Clade
                      |1=''[[Harpagon]]''
                      |2=''[[Monopylocystis]]''
                       }}
                     }}
                   }}
                 }}
               }}
             }}
           }}
        |label2=[[Heterolobosea]]
        |2={{Clade
          |label1=[[Acrasida]]
          |1={{Clade
            |label1=[[Acrasidae]]
            |1={{Clade
              |1={{Clade
                |1=''[[Allovahlkampfia]]''
                |2=''[[Solumitrus]]''
                 }}
              |2={{Clade
                |1=''[[Pocheina]]''
                |2=''[[Acrasis]]''
                 }}
               }}
             }}
          |label2=Amoebomastigota
          |2={{Clade
            |1={{Clade
            |label1=Naegleriida
            |1={{Clade
              |1=''[[Marinamoeba]]''
              |2={{Clade
                |label1=Tulamoebidae
                |1={{Clade
                  |1=''[[Pleurostomum]]''
                  |2=''[[Tulamoeba]]''
                   }}
                |label2=Naegleriidae
                |2={{Clade
                  |1=''[[Naegleria]]''
                  |2=''[[Willaertia]]''
                   }}
                 }}
               }}
               }}
            |2={{Clade
              |1={{Clade
              |label1=Vahlkampfiida s.s.
              |1={{Clade
                |label1=[[Vahlkampfiidae]]
                |1={{Clade
                  |1=''[[Tetramitus]]''
                  |2=''[[Vahlkampfia]]''
                   }}
                 }}
                 }}
              |2={{Clade
                |label1=Creneida
                |1={{Clade
                  |label1=Creneidae
                  |1=''[[Creneis (genus)|Creneis]]''
                   }}
                |label2=[[Percolatea|Percolomonadida]]<ref name="Hohlfeld_2023"/>
                |2={{Clade
                  |1={{Clade
                  |label1=[[Stephanopogonidae]]
                  |1=''[[Stephanopogon]]''
                     }}
                  |2={{Clade
                    |1={{Clade
                    |label1=Barbellidae
                    |1={{Clade
                      |1=''[[Barbelia]]''
                      |2=''[[Nonamonas]]''
                       }}
                       }}
                    |2={{Clade
                      |label1=Lulaidae
                      |1=''[[Lula (protist)|Lula]]''
                      |label2=Percolomonadidae
                      |2={{Clade
                        |1=''[[Percolomonas]]''
                        |2=''[[Nakurumonas]]''
                         }}
                       }}
                     }}
                   }}
                 }}
               }}
             }}
           }}
         }}
       }}
     }}
   }}
}}

===Taxonomy===
Phylum Percolozoa <small>Cavalier-Smith 1991</small><ref>{{cite journal | website=Collection of genus-group names in a systematic arrangement | title=Part 1- Virae, Prokarya, Protists, Fungi | url=http://mave.tweakdsl.nl/tn/genera1.html | display-authors=etal | access-date=30 June 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814234049/http://mave.tweakdsl.nl/tn/genera1.html | archive-date=14 August 2016 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Subphylum Pharyngomonada <small>Cavalier-Smith 1991</small>
** Class Pharyngomonadea <small>Cavalier-Smith 2008</small> [Macropharyngomonadidea]
*** Order Pharyngomonadida <small>Cavalier-Smith 2008</small> [Macropharyngomonadida]
**** Family Pharyngomonadidae <small>Cavalier-Smith 2008</small> [Macropharyngomonadidae <small>Cavalier-Smith 2008</small>]
***** Genus ''[[Pharyngomonas]]''  <small>Cavalier-Smith 2008</small> [''Macropharyngomonas'' nomen nudum]
* Subphylum Tetramitia <small>Cavalier-Smith 1993 em. Cavalier-Smith 2008</small>
** Genus ?''[[Costiopsis]]'' <small>Senn 1900</small>
** Genus ?''[[Hoehnemastix]]'' <small>Skvortzov 1974</small>
** Genus ?''[[Planiosculum]]'' <small>Szabados 1948</small>
** Genus ?''[[Protomyxomyces]]'' <small>Cunningham 1881</small>
** Genus ?''[[Protonaegleria]]'' <small>Michel & Raether 1985</small>
** Genus ?''[[Pseudovahlkampfia]]'' <small>Sawyer 1980</small>
** Genus ?''[[Schizamoeba]]'' <small>Davis 1926</small>
** Genus ?''[[Tetramastigamoeba]]'' <small>Singh & Hanumaiah 1977</small>
** Genus ?''[[Trimastigamoeba]]'' <small>Whitmore 1911</small>
** Genus ?''[[Wasielewskia]]'' <small>Hartmann & Schuessler 1913</small>
** Family Euhyperamoebidae <small>Goodkov & Seravin 1984</small> [Hyperamoebidae <small>Goodkov, Seravin & Railkin 1982</small>]
*** Genus ''[[Euhyperamoeba]]'' <small>Goodkov & Seravin 1984</small> [''[[Hyperamoeba]]'' <small>Goodkov, Seravin & Railkin 1982 non Alexeieff 1923</small>]
** Class Lunosea <small>Cavalier-Smith 2021</small>
*** Order Selenaionida <small>Hanousková, Táborský & Čepička 2018</small>
**** Family Selenaionidae <small>Hanousková, Táborský & Čepička 2018</small>
***** Genus ''[[Selenaion]]'' <small>Park, De Jonckheere & Simpson 2012</small>
***** Genus ''[[Dactylomonas]]'' <small>Hanousková, Táborský & Čepička 2018</small>
** Class Neovahlkampfiea <small>Cavalier-Smith 2021</small>
*** Order Neovahlkampfiida <small>Cavalier-Smith 2021</small>
**** Family Neovahlkampfiidae <small>Hanousková, Táborský & Čepička 2018</small>
***** Genus ''[[Neovahlkampfia]]'' <small>Brown & de Jonckheere 1999</small>
** Class Lyromonadea <small>Cavalier-Smith 1993</small>
*** Order Lyromonadida <small>Cavalier-Smith 1993</small>
**** Family [[Gruberellidae]] <small>Page & Blanton 1985</small>
***** Genus ''[[Gruberella]]'' <small>Page 1984 non Gruber 1889 non Corliss 1960</small>
***** Genus ''[[Oramoeba]]'' <small>de Jonckheere et al. 2011</small>
***** Genus ''[[Stachyamoeba]]'' <small>Page 1975</small>
***** Genus ''[[Vrihiamoeba]]'' <small>Murase, Kawasak & Jonckheere 2010</small>
**** Family Paravahlkampfiidae
***** Genus ''[[Fumarolamoeba]]'' <small>De Jonckheere, Murase & Opperdoes 2011</small>
***** Genus ''[[Parafumarolamoeba]]'' <small>Geisen et al. 2015</small>
***** Genus ''[[Paravahlkampfia]]'' <small>Brown & de Jonckheere 1999</small>
**** Family Plaesiobystridae
***** Genus ''[[Euplaesiobystra]]'' <small>Park et al. 2009</small>
***** Genus ''[[Heteramoeba]]'' <small>Droop 1962</small>
***** Genus ''[[Pernina]]'' <small>El Kadiri, Joyon & Pussard 1992</small>
**** Family Psalteriomonadidae <small>Cavalier-Smith 1993</small> [Lyromonadidae <small>Cavalier-Smith 1993</small>]
***** Genus ''[[Harpagon]]'' <small>Pánek et al. 2012</small>
***** Genus ''[[Monopylocystis]]'' <small>O'Kelly et al. 2003</small>
***** Genus ''[[Psalteriomonas]]'' <small>Broers et al. 1990</small> [''[[Lyromonas]]'' <small>Cavalier-Smith 1993</small>]
***** Genus ''[[Pseudoharpagon]]'' <small>Pánek et al. 2012</small>
***** Genus ''[[Pseudomastigamoeba]]''
***** Genus ''[[Sawyeria]]'' <small>O'Kelly et al. 2003</small>
** Class [[Heterolobosea]] <small>Page & Blanton 1985</small>
*** Order [[Acrasida]] <small>Schröter 1886</small>
**** Family [[Acrasidae]] <small>van Tieghem 1880 ex Hartog 1906</small>
***** Genus ''[[Acrasis]]'' <small>van Tieghem 1880</small>
***** Genus ''[[Allovahlkampfia]]'' <small>Walochnik & Mulec 2009</small>
***** Genus ''[[Pocheina]]'' <small>Loeblich & Tappan 1961</small> [''[[Guttulina]]'' <small>Cienkowski 1873 non D'Orbigny 1839</small>]
***** Genus ''[[Solumitrus]]'' <small>Wang et al. 2011</small>
*** Order Naegleriida <small>Starobogatov 1980</small>
**** Genus ''[[Marinamoeba]]'' <small>De Jonckheere et al. 2009</small>
**** Family Tulamoebidae <small>Kirby et al. 2015</small>
***** Genus ''[[Aurem]]'' <small>Jhin & Park 2018</small>
***** Genus ''[[Pleurostomum]]'' <small>Namyslowski 1913</small>
***** Genus ''[[Tulamoeba]]'' <small>Park et al. 2009</small>
**** Family Naegleriidae <small>Kudo 1954</small> [Schizopyrenidae <small>Singh 1951 ex Singh 1952</small>; Bistadiidae <small>Doflein 1916</small>]
***** Genus ''[[Naegleria]]'' <small>Aléxéieff 1912</small> [''[[Adelphamoeba]]'' <small>Napolitano, Wall & Ganz 1970</small>; ''Didascalus'' <small>Singh 1952</small>; ''Schizopyrenus'' <small>Singh 1951 ex Singh 1952</small>]
***** Genus ''[[Willaertia]]'' <small>de Jonckheere et al. 1984</small>
*** Order Tetramitida <small>Doweld 2001</small>
**** Family [[Vahlkampfiidae]] <small>Jollos 1917 s.s.</small>
***** Genus ''[[Tetramitus]]'' <small>Perty 1852</small> [''Copromastix'' <small>Aragao 1916</small>; ''[[Learamoeba]]'' <small>Sawyer et al. 1998</small>, ''[[Paratetramitus]]'' <small>Darbyshire, Page & Goodfellow 1976</small>, ''Singhamoeba'' <small>Sawyer, Nerad & Munson 1992</small>]
***** Genus ''[[Vahlkampfia]]'' <small>Chatton & LaLung-Bonnaire 1912</small> [''Guttulidium'' <small>Frenzel 1892</small>]
*** Order Creneida <small>Cavalier-Smith 2021</small>
**** Family Creneidae <small>Pánek et al. 2014</small>
***** Genus ''[[Creneis (genus)|Creneis]]'' <small>Pánek et al. 2014</small>
*** Order Percolomonadida <small>Cavalier-Smith 1993</small>
**** Family Barbeliidae <small>Arndt 2023</small><ref name="Hohlfeld_2023">{{cite journal |last1=Hohlfeld |first1=Manon |last2=Meyer |first2=Claudia |last3=Schoenle |first3=Alexandra |last4=Nitsche |first4=Frank |last5=Arndt |first5=Hartmut |title=Biogeography, autecology, and phylogeny of Percolomonads based on newly described species |journal=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology |date=January 2023 |volume=70 |issue=1 |pages=e12930 |doi=10.1111/jeu.12930 |pmid=35712988|doi-access=free }}</ref>
***** Genus ''[[Barbelia]]'' <small>Arndt 2021</small> 
***** Genus ''[[Nonamonas]]'' <small>Hohlfeld, Meyer & Arndt 2023</small> 
**** Family Lulidae <small>Hohlfeld & Arndt 2023</small><ref name="Hohlfeld_2023"/>
***** Genus ''[[Lula (protist)|Lula]]'' <small>Arndt, Nitsche & Carduck 2021</small> 
**** Family [[Percolomonadidae]] <small>Cavalier-Smith 1993</small> [Choanogasteraceae]
***** Genus ''[[Percolomonas]]'' <small>Fenchel & Patterson 1986</small> [''Choanogaster'' <small>Pochmann 1959</small>]
**** Family [[Stephanopogonidae]] <small>Corliss 1961</small>
***** Genus ''[[Nakurumonas]]'' <small>Carduck, Nitsche & Arndt 2021</small>
***** Genus ''[[Stephanopogon]]'' <small>Entz 1884</small>