Editing Pediatrics (section)

===Etymology===
The term pediatrics was first introduced in English in 1859 by [[Abraham Jacobi]]. In 1860, he became "the first dedicated professor of pediatrics in the world."<ref name=":13">{{Cite book|last1=Stern|first1=Alexandra Minna|url=https://www.fulcrum.org/concern/monographs/dn39x232m|title=Formative Years: Children's Health in the United States, 1880-2000|last2=Markel|first2=Howard|date=2002|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=978-0-472-02503-9|pages=23–24|language=en|doi=10.3998/mpub.17065|access-date=30 November 2021|archive-date=30 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130164350/https://www.fulcrum.org/concern/monographs/dn39x232m|url-status=live}}</ref> Jacobi is known as the ''father of American pediatrics'' because of his many contributions to the field.<ref>"''[https://books.google.com/books?id=d1YRx5d6_K8C&pg=PA4 Broadribb's Introductory Pediatric Nursing]''". Nancy T. Hatfield (2007). p.4. {{ISBN|0-7817-7706-2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Jacobi Medical Center - General Information |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/hhc/jacobi/html/second_level/geninfo.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060418235455/http://www.nyc.gov/html/hhc/jacobi/html/second_level/geninfo.html |archive-date=2006-04-18 |access-date=2006-04-06}}</ref> He received his medical training in [[Germany]] and later practiced in [[New York City]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kutzsche |first=Stefan |date=2021-04-08 |title=Abraham Jacobi (1830–1919) and his transition from political to medical activist |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/apa.15887 |journal=Acta Paediatrica |language=en |volume=110 |issue=8 |pages=2303–2305 |doi=10.1111/apa.15887 |issn=0803-5253 |pmid=33963612 |s2cid=233998658 |access-date=7 May 2023 |archive-date=7 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230507191051/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/apa.15887 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The first generally accepted pediatric hospital is the ''Hôpital des Enfants Malades'' ({{langx|fr|Hospital for Sick Children}}), which opened in Paris in June 1802 on the site of a previous orphanage.<ref name="Ballbriga">{{Cite book |last=Ballbriga |first=Angel |title=History of Paediatrics 1850–1950 |date=1991 |publisher=Raven Press |isbn=0-88167-695-0 |editor-last=Nichols |editor-first=Burford L. |series=Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series |volume=22 |location=New York |pages=6–8 |chapter=One century of pediatrics in Europe (section: development of pediatric hospitals in Europe) |display-editors=etal}}</ref> From its beginning, this famous hospital accepted patients up to the age of fifteen years,<ref name="Paris19">{{Citation/make link|http://www.aphp.fr/site/histoire/1901_hopitaux_pediatriques.htm|official history site (in French) of nineteenth century paediatric hospitals in Paris}}</ref> and it continues to this day as the pediatric division of the [[Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital]], created in 1920 by merging with the nearby ''Necker Hospital'', founded in 1778.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://hopital-necker.aphp.fr/introducing-necker-enfants-malades-hospital|website=Hôpital des Necker-Enfants Malades|title=Introducing the Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital}}</ref>

In other European countries, the [[Charité]] (a hospital founded in 1710) in [[Berlin]] established a separate Pediatric Pavilion in 1830, followed by similar institutions at [[Saint Petersburg]] in 1834, and at [[Vienna]] and [[Breslau]] (now [[Wrocław]]), both in 1837. In 1852 Britain's first pediatric hospital, [[Great Ormond Street Hospital|the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street]] was founded by [[Charles West (physician)|Charles West]].<ref name="Ballbriga" /> The first Children's hospital in Scotland opened in 1860 in [[Edinburgh]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Young |first=D.G. |date=August 1999 |title=The Mason Brown Lecture: Scots and paediatric surgery |url=http://www.rcsed.ac.uk/RCSEDBackIssues/journal/vol44_4/4440019.htm |url-status=dead |journal=Journal of the Royal College of Surgeons Edinburgh |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=211–5 |pmid=10453141 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714221631/http://www.rcsed.ac.uk/RCSEDBackIssues/journal/vol44_4/4440019.htm |archive-date=2014-07-14}}</ref> In the US, the first similar institutions were the [[Children's Hospital of Philadelphia]], which opened in 1855, and then [[Boston Children's Hospital]] (1869).<ref name="Pearson">{{Cite book |last=Pearson |first=Howard A. |title=History of Paediatrics 1850–1950 |date=1991 |publisher=Raven Press |isbn=0-88167-695-0 |editor-last=Nichols |editor-first=Burford L. |series=Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series |volume=22 |location=New York |pages=55–63 |chapter=Pediatrics in the United States |display-editors=etal}}</ref> Subspecialties in pediatrics were created at the Harriet Lane Home at [[Johns Hopkins Hospital|Johns Hopkins]] by [[Edwards A. Park (doctor)|Edwards A. Park]].<ref>{{Cite journal |year=1969 |title=Commentaries: Edwards A Park |journal=Pediatrics |publisher=American Academy of Pediatrics |volume=44 |issue=6 |pages=897–901 |doi=10.1542/peds.44.6.897 |pmid=4903838|s2cid=43298798 }}</ref>