Editing Olsztyn (section)

===Middle Ages===
{{Quote box
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| quote = {{flagicon image|Flag of the State of the Teutonic Order.svg}} [[State of the Teutonic Order|Teutonic Order]] 1353–1454<br />
{{flagicon image|Alex K Kingdom of Poland-flag.svg}} [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Kingdom of Poland]] 1454–1455<br />
{{flagicon image|Flag of the State of the Teutonic Order.svg}} [[State of the Teutonic Order|Teutonic Order]] 1455–1463<br />
{{flagicon image|Alex K Kingdom of Poland-flag.svg}} [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Kingdom of Poland]] 1463–1569<br />
{{flagicon image|Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg}} [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] 1569–1772<br />
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Kingdom of Prussia (1803-1892).svg}} [[Kingdom of Prussia]] 1772–1918<br />
{{flag|German Empire}} 1871–1918<br />
{{flagicon image|Flag of Germany.svg}} [[Weimar Germany]] 1918–1933<br />
{{flag|Nazi Germany}} 1933–1945<br />
{{flagicon image|Flag of Poland.svg}} [[People's Republic of Poland]] 1945–1989<br />
{{flag|Republic of Poland|1848}} 1990–present
}}

In 1334, a [[watchtower]] was established on the [[Łyna River]]. In 1346, the forest was cleared at the location for a new settlement, mentioned in a historical document from 1348.<ref name=pwn/> The following year, the [[Teutonic Knights]] began the construction of an ''[[Ordensburg]]'' (castle) as a stronghold against the [[Baltic Prussians]].<ref name=dm>{{cite web|url=http://dzialki-mazury.pl/olsztyn.html|title=Miasto Olsztyn – perła Warmii, największe miasto województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego|access-date=17 November 2016}}</ref> Allenstein was granted [[German town law|municipal rights]] by the [[cathedral chapter]] of the [[Prince-Bishopric of Warmia|Bishopric of Warmia]] in October 1353.<ref name=dm/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://hotelolsztyn.pl/zabytki-olsztyn-atrakcje-zwiedzanie/|title=Zabytki Olsztyn Atrakcje Historii Zwiedzanie Miasta w Centrum|access-date=17 November 2016}}</ref> The German "Allenstein" referred to the river's [[Old Prussian language|Baltic Prussian]] name ''Alna'', which meant a [[deer|hind]].<ref name=olseu/> Local Poles, having arrived along with German settlers, called it ''Holstin'' and ''Olsztyn'',<ref name=dm/> which are [[Polonization]]s of the German name. The [[Olsztyn Castle|castle]] was completed in 1397.<ref name=olseu>{{cite web|url=https://www.olsztyn.eu/o-olsztynie/tozsamosc-miasta/historia.html|title=Historia|access-date=17 November 2016|language=pl}}</ref> The town was captured by the [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Kingdom of Poland]] during the [[Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War|Polish-Lithuanian-Teutonic War]] in 1410, and again in 1414 during the [[Hunger War]], but it was returned to the [[monastic state of the Teutonic Knights]] after hostilities ended.

The city joined the [[Prussian Confederation]] in 1440,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Górski|first=Karol|title=Związek Pruski i poddanie się Prus Polsce: zbiór tekstów źródłowych|year=1949|publisher=Instytut Zachodni|location=[[Poznań]]|language=pl|page=XXXVII}}</ref> and rebelled against the Teutonic Knights in 1454 upon the outbreak of the [[Thirteen Years' War (1454–66)|Thirteen Years' War]] to join the [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Kingdom of Poland]] under King [[Casimir IV Jagiellon]]. In 1454, upon the request of the Confederation, King Casimir IV signed the act of incorporation of the region to Poland,<ref>Górski, p. 54</ref> and the townspeople took the castle and recognized the Polish king as the rightful ruler.<ref name=olseu/> Although the Teutonic Knights recaptured the city the following year, it was retaken by Polish troops in 1463.<ref name=ao>{{cite web|url=http://www.atrakcje.olsztyn.pl/Olsztyn/historia-olsztyna.html|title=Historia Olsztyna|website=atrakcje.Olsztyn.pl|access-date=10 February 2020|language=pl}}</ref> The [[Second Peace of Thorn (1466)|Second Peace of Thorn]] in 1466 confirmed Allenstein as part of the Kingdom of Poland.<ref name=ho>{{cite web|url=http://www.historia.olsztyn.pl/|title=Historia Olsztyna|access-date=29 March 2017|language=pl}}</ref> Administratively it was located in the [[Prince-Bishopric of Warmia]] within the provinces of [[Royal Prussia]] and [[Greater Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Greater Poland]].