Editing Nyborg (section)

== History ==
Before Nyborg was founded, a fortification existed in the area under the name of [[Gammelborg]]. It was established in the 500s, and used throughout the Viking age until Nyborg was founded and took over its role.<ref>[http://www.historie-online.dk/arkiv/nyborg-afloeste-gammelborg Historie-online.dk] "Nyborg afløse Gammelborg" Retrieved 3 August 2020</ref>

Nyborg was first mentioned in 1193 in the history of Denmark as [[Nyborg Castle]], which still exists today, but the town itself was not mentioned before the year 1202. From its foundation and until 1413, Nyborg Castle was used by numerous kings as seat of the ''[[Danehof]]'' and other meetings, including [[Treaty of Nyborg (1386)|a meeting]] between [[Queen Margaret I]] and the [[Counts of Schauenburg and Holstein|Counts of Holstein]] in 1386. The first [[Constitution of Denmark]] was written on Nyborg Castle by [[Eric V of Denmark|Eric V]] in 1282. Being the seat of these meetings, Nyborg enjoyed a number of unique and special privileges, granted by the king. The first was granted by king [[Valdemar II]], who granted the town the status of a [[market town]] (Danish: ''Købstad'') shortly after the town was founded. Merchants from neighboring [[Hundred (county division)|hundreds]] had to come to Nyborg to sell their wares, boosting the economy and traffic in the town. In 1446, a large number of additional privileges were added, including the outlawing of harbours between the market towns on eastern Funen. Nyborg was also given permission to host a yearly market, and artisans from [[Vindinge Hundred]] were told to move to the market towns, boosting the population and economy of Nyborg once more. With the king visiting regularly, due to Nyborg's central location and the castle being the seat of the Danehof, Nyborg was given many additional privileges over the years.<ref>[http://ddb.byhistorie.dk/privilegier/by.asp?koebstadID=32 Ddb.byhistorie.dk] "Nyborg" Retrieved 1 August 2020</ref>

In 1525 [[Frederick I of Denmark|Frederick I]] declared Nyborg as the king's residency, and until the 1560s it acted as the capital of Denmark. During this time, [[Christian III of Denmark|Christian III]] expanded Nyborg Castle and city. Much of the castle was rebuilt and a tournament ground was built in front of the castle.<ref>[https://www.visitnyborg.dk/nyborg/oplev-nyborg/nyborgs-historie Visitnyborg.dk] "Nyborgs historie" Retrieved 1 August 2020</ref>

The city was captured by Swedish troops during the [[Dano-Swedish War (1658–1660)|Dano-Swedish War]], following the [[Battle of Nyborg]]. The Swedish troops sent all valuables home to Sweden and ruined much of Nyborg Castle. The city was retaken by an allied force of Danes, Brandenburgers, Polish mercenary cavalry and Dutchmen after a bombardment by a large Dutch naval fleet led by the famous Dutch Admiral Michiel DeRuyter, who was key in the negotiations and Swedes capitulation. The city was then looted by the allied forces with DeRuyter giving strict orders prohibiting Dutch forces (who made up a third of the allied army) not to participate. DuRuyter noted in his log that the Poles were allowed to take the captured Danish wives and daughters of Nyborg as part of the plundered booty, to his utter disgust – but there was nothing he could do to prevent it. Following the war, the king was no longer interested in living in the castle, and it was handed over to the military. Nyborg became an army garrison, with the castle then being used strictly for military purposes.<ref>[http://www.nyborgslot.dk/udforsk/nyborg-slots-historie/efter-kongerne/ Nyborgslot.dk] "Efter kongerne" Retrieved 18 April 2019</ref>

After the wars and several fires and livestock plagues, the 1700s were a low period in Nyborg's history, with the population growing poorer. Things turned around in the 1800s where Nyborg became and important link across the Great Belt, with steamboat ferries starting to sail between Nyborg and Korsør in 1828. Several large markets were also held yearly, and the trade and economy of the town began to grow again.<ref>[https://danmarkshistorien.dk/leksikon-og-kilder/vis/materiale/nyborg/ Danmarkshistorien.dk] "Nyborg" Retrieved 1 August 2020</ref>

In the [[Second World War]], Nyborg's garrison still existed. Denmark was allowed to keep their military after the [[Denmark in World War II|Nazi occupation]]. Nyborg Vandrehjem and Hotel Nyborg Strand housed Danish soldiers. On 29 August 1943 [[Operation Safari]] was carried out, with the intention of disarming the Danish military. Battles occurred between the Danish and German soldiers on both Nyborg Vandrehjem and Hotel Nyborg Strand. Two Danish soldiers were killed at Hotel Nyborg Strand: [[Cornet (rank)|Cornet]] K.B. Madsen and Captain C.L. Wesenberg. The captain was killed by a German soldier, who also killed himself at the same time by accidentally blowing up them both with a grenade. That German soldier was most likely the only German casualty of the battle.<ref>Larsen, John Maalø. "Oprør og Kamp i Nyborg 1943". Page 71.</ref> There was a single Danish casualty during the battle at Nyborg Vandrehjem: Recruit Ivan Jacobsen.<ref>Larsen, John Maalø. "Oprør og Kamp i Nyborg 1943". Page 88.</ref>

In 1977 market towns were dissolved, and Nyborg lost its title. Nyborg Municipality was established, with Nyborg being the seat of the new municipality. It was formed of the city and parish of Nyborg, as well as the two parish municipalities of Avnslev-Bovense and Vindinge. In the [[Municipalities of Denmark#Municipal Reform 2007|2007 municipal reform]], the three municipalities of Nyborg, [[Ørbæk Municipality|Ørbæk]] and [[Ullerslev Municipality|Ullerslev]] were merged to form the present Nyborg Municipality.

=== Historical populations ===
{{historical populations
|title=Historical&nbsp;population
|align = none
| cols = 2
|1672|1160
|1769|1637
|1787|1672
|1801|1866
|1834|2873
|1840|2891
|1845|3220
|1855|3565
|1860|3802
|1870|4812
|1880|5402
|1890|6049
|1901|7790
|1911|9056
|1921|10223
|1930|10446
|1940|9949
|1950|12135
|1960|13377
|1970|14270
|1981|15466
|1990|15240
|2000|15792
|2010|16539
|2015|16752
|2019|17175
|2020|17268
|2021|17415
|source = [https://www.bolius.dk/danmarkskort/indbyggertal/ Bolius.dk], [http://ddb.byhistorie.dk/koebstaeder/befolkning.aspx? Byhistorie.dk]
}}

=== Mayors ===

From 1850–1919 the mayors of Nyborg were chosen by the king. Since 1919 the mayor has been elected. Below are all Nyborg's mayors since 1850.

{| class="wikitable"
! #
!Mayor
!Party
!Term
|-
|colspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |'''As a market town'''
|-
|1 || Frederik Ludvig Bierfreund ||rowspan="7"| ||1850–1854
|-
|2 || Jørgen Christian Møller ||1854–1859
|-
|3 || Erik Sophus Becker ||1859–1880
|-
|4 || S. Christian E. Hall||1880–1893
|-
|5 || Christian Laur. Schou||1893–1899
|-
|6 || P.N.V. Buch||1899–1913
|-
|7 || Jørgen Nielsen||1913–1919
|-
|8 || Ludvig Hansen||rowspan="6"|[[Social Democrats (Denmark)|Social Democrats]]||1919–1935
|-
|9 || J.J. Bjerring||1935–1940
|-
|10 || Christian S. Andersen||1940–1946
|-
|11 || C.E. Bjerring||1946–1961
|-
|12 || Carl Pelck||1962–1965
|-
|13 || Børge Jensen||1965–1970
|-
|colspan="4" style="text-align:center;"|'''In the first [[Nyborg Municipality (1970–2006)|Nyborg Municipality]]'''
|-
|13 || Børge Jensen||rowspan="4"|Social Democrats||1970–1978
|-
|14 || Frederik Nørgaard||1978–1981
|-
|15 || Aage Koch||1981–1989
|-
|16 || Niels Verner Andersen||1990–2001
|-
|17 || [[Jørn Terndrup]]||[[Venstre (Denmark)|Venstre]]||2002–2006
|-
|colspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |'''In the current [[Nyborg Municipality]]'''
|-
|17 || Jørn Terndrup||Venstre||2007–2009
|-
|18 || [[Erik Skov Christensen]]||Social Democrats||2010–2013
|-
|19 || [[Kenneth Muhs]]||Venstre||2014–present
|}