Editing Nielson Field (section)

== Nielson Airport ==
[[File:NEILSON AIRPIRT TOWER 30s to 40s.jpg|thumb|Nielson Tower]]
[[File:NielsonPlaque.JPG|thumb|The plaque at the entrance to Nielson Tower]]
[[File:Nielson.jpg|thumb|Nielson Field in flames after a Japanese attack on December 10, 1941]]
The property on which the airport stood was part of the Hacienda [[San Pedro de Macati]] owned by the [[Zobel de Ayala family|Zóbel de Ayala family]], then in the province of [[Rizal (province)|Rizal]]. The hacienda encompassed most of what is now the city of [[Makati]]. When [[Enrique Zóbel de Ayala]], then senior managing partner at Ayala y Compañía (present-day [[Ayala Corporation]]) and a special aide to President [[Manuel L. Quezon]], found out about the Nielson group's proposal to the government to build an airport on a turnkey basis, he immediately offered a portion of the hacienda as a possible site for the facility. It was an ideal location for the airport because Makati was then just a sparsely populated town adjacent to Manila. The site was located on a hard tract of land jutting from rice fields, clearly visible from the air, allowing clear approaches from all sides.

The Nielson Airport became the base of the American Far Eastern School of Aviation. More importantly, with the introduction of commercial air services at the airport, it became the primary gateway between Manila and the rest of the country and, later, between the Philippines and the world.  The [[Philippine Aerial Taxi Company]] (PATCO), the first airline company in the Philippines, and the [[Iloilo-Negros Air Express Company]], the first Filipino-owned commercial passenger airline, started operating from the Nielson Airport. When [[Philippine Air Lines]] was established, its very first flight took off in March 1941 from the Nielson Airport for [[Baguio]].

As a response to the expansionist policy of [[Japan]], authorities in the Philippines set up the [[Far East Air Force (United States)|Far East Air Force]] (FEAF) headquarters at the Nielson Airport. Commercial flights at the airport were halted in October 1941 and the private carriers were asked to relocate their services to make room for the [[U.S. Army Air Forces]].

When Japanese planes attacked the Philippines on December 8, 1941, the planes were actually spotted by a [[radar]] station in Northern Luzon, which immediately alerted the FEAF headquarters at Nielson.  Unfortunately, by the time FEAF officers were finally able to get through to [[Clark Air Base]] in [[Pampanga]], it was already too late and Japanese bombs were already dropping on Clark. By December 9, Nielson Airport was also under siege.  After the Americans and Filipinos were forced to retreat from the Philippines and the Japanese occupation forces took over, the latter sequestered Nielson and turned the airport's [[Radio masts and towers|radio tower]] and [[Airport terminal|passenger terminal]] into a headquarters. When Manila was liberated, the Americans and the Filipinos were again able to wrest control of the airport from the Japanese.  The partially damaged airport and its facilities were fully restored and commercial air services, including international flights, resumed in 1946.

In 1948, when the airport ceased operations in Makati to relocate to its [[Manila International Airport|present site]] adjacent to [[Nichols Field]] (now [[Villamor Air Base]]) in [[Pasay]], ownership of the airport's permanent facilities reverted to the owner of the land, Ayala y Compañía. Although the runways were eventually converted into roads – the secondary runway (runway 07/25) became [[Paseo de Roxas]] and the primary runway (runway 12/30) became [[Ayala Avenue]] – and other airport structures were sacrificed to give way to the development of the [[Makati Central Business District|Makati business and commercial district]], the owners preserved the airport's passenger terminal and control tower, which came to be known as the Nielson Tower.