Editing Nichols, Iowa (section)

==History==
Nichols was established in the early 1870s in an area of Section 15 of [[Pike Township, Muscatine County, Iowa|Pike Township]] known locally as Elephant Swamp.  The community was intended as a rail town for the shipment of agriculture products and furs to distant markets, and had been constructed on land donated to the rail company by Samuel and Benjamin Nichols with the intention of establishing a rail depot.  The lots for the future community were surveyed by county surveyor George Bumgardner in June 1871. Two rail lines would eventually run through the town – the [[Muscatine and Iowa City Railway|Muscatine & Western Railroad]] and the [[Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern Railway|Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern Railroad]] – which were both branches of the [[Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad|Rock Island system]].  The first rail line and rail depot was constructed in the early 1870s. Dr. S. H. Smith constructed the first building on the future site of Nichols in 1871, which Mr Smith used as both a drug store and as a home. Construction on the Muscatine & Western Railroad reached the site in 1873, and the rail company laid out an addition to the town, calling it Railroad Addition.  At first many of the buildings and homes in the community were log cabins, which were then replaced by more permanent brick buildings. Benjamin Nichols established the first post office in 1870 and served as the first postmaster.  The first school was built in 1872.  In the winter of 1873-1874 a Christian church was organized with services being held in schoolhouses until the construction of the church in 1874, with services being conducted by Rev. John Powell.  The German Evangelical Protestant Church was organized in 1874 by Rev. K. F. Obermann.  The Catholic church – Church of St. Mary - was built in 1874 with Father Nicholas Dugan serving as its first pastor.  A Methodist church was organized in 1875 by J. A. Bolton.  The town soon grew with the addition of several banks, an opera house, and a town hall that was constructed in 1897.  The early economy of the community centered on the two rail lines that ran through the community as well as the buying and shipping of furs as well as agriculture.  The Foley and Brugman Brothers operated two large grain elevators which held 15,000 bushels each.  Cattle and hogs were also shipped out to markets through the rail lines.<ref>{{Cite journal | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=cHkUAAAAYAAJ&q=nichols+iowa+history&pg=PA239 | title = History of Muscatine County, Iowa: From the Earliest Settlements to the Present Time, Volume 1 | author1 = Irving Berdine Richman | year = 1911}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | url = https://archive.org/details/historyofmuscati00west | page = [https://archive.org/details/historyofmuscati00west/page/582 582] | quote = Nichols Iowa history. | title = The History of Muscatine County, Iowa | publisher = Western historical Company | author1 = Western Historical Company | year = 1879}}</ref>

On September 18, 2020, Nichols' [[central business district]] was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] as the [[Ijem Avenue Commercial Historic District]].<ref name=nris>{{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/weekly-list-20200925.htm|title=National Register of Historic Places Program: Weekly List|date=September 25, 2020|publisher=[[National Park Service]]|access-date=2020-10-05}}</ref>