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==Geography== According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of 1,139 square miles, of which {{convert|522|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|617|sqmi}} (54%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_36.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 6, 2015|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519062322/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_36.txt|archive-date=May 19, 2014}}</ref> Niagara County is in the most western part of New York State, just north of [[Buffalo, New York|the city Buffalo]] and{{convert|1140|sqmi}} bordering [[Lake Ontario]] on its northern border, and the [[Niagara River]] [[Canada]] on its western border.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Niagara {{!}} The State of New York |url=https://www.ny.gov/counties/niagara |access-date=June 12, 2022 |website=www.ny.gov |language=en}}</ref> The county's primary geographic feature is [[Niagara Falls]], the riverbed of which has eroded seven miles south over the past 12,000 years since the [[Last Glacial Period|last ice age]]. The Niagara River and Niagara Falls, are in effect, the drainage ditch for four of the [[Great Lakes]] which constitute the world's largest supply of [[fresh water]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Warren |first=Earl |date=March 4, 2010 |title=History of the landmarked Niagara Falls |url=https://www.history.com/topics/landmarks/niagara-falls |access-date=June 12, 2022 |website=HISTORY |language=en}}</ref> The water flows north from [[Lake Erie]], then through the Niagara River, goes over Niagara Falls, and then on to Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River, eventually emptying into the North Atlantic Ocean.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Where Does the Water of Niagara Falls Come From? |url=https://www.niagarafallstourism.com/blog/where-does-the-water-come-from/ |access-date=June 12, 2022 |website=Niagara Falls Canada |language=en}}</ref> Today, tourists and visitors to the Falls see a diminished flow of water over the Falls, since a portion of the flow has been diverted for hydroelectric power purposes. Both the American and Canadian side of the Niagara River have massive electrical power plants.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hotels |first=Niagara Falls |date=March 18, 2020 |title=Why Does Water Keep Flowing Over Niagara Falls? |url=https://www.niagarafallshotels.com/blog/why-does-water-keep-flowing-over-niagara-falls/ |access-date=June 12, 2022 |website=Niagara Falls Hotels |language=en-US}}</ref> The [[Niagara Gorge]] is the path Niagara Falls has taken over thousands of years as it continues to erode.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Five: Niagara Gorge Views |url=https://www.niagaraparks.com/things-to-do/niagara-gorge-views |access-date=June 12, 2022 |website=www.niagaraparks.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Niagara Falls started at the [[Niagara Escarpment]] which cuts Niagara County in half in an east–west direction. North of the Escarpment lies the Lake Plain, which is a fertile flatland used to grow grapes, apples, peaches and other fruits and vegetables. The grape variety [[Niagara (grape)|Niagara]], source of most American white grape juice but not esteemed for wine, was first grown in the county, in 1868. [[Viticulture]], or wine culture has begun to take place, with several wineries below the escarpment. This has helped to improve the depressed economy of the region. ===Adjacent counties and areas=== * [[Orleans County, New York|Orleans County]] - east * [[Genesee County, New York|Genesee County]] - southeast * [[Erie County, New York|Erie County]] - south * [[Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario]], Canada - west ===Major highways=== {{Main|Highways in Niagara County, New York|List of county routes in Niagara County, New York}} {{div col|colwidth=18em}} * [[Image:I-190 (long).svg|22px]] [[Interstate 190 (New York)|Interstate 190]] (Niagara Thruway) * [[Image:US 62.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 62 in New York|U.S. Route 62]] * [[Image:Business plate.svg|20px]]<br />[[Image:US 62.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 62 Business (Niagara Falls, New York)|US 62 Business]] * [[Image:NY-18.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 18]] * [[Image:NY-31.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 31]] * [[Image:NY-78.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 78]] * [[Image:NY-93.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 93]] * [[Image:NY-104.svg|22px]] [[New York State Route 104]] * [[Image:NY-265.svg|22px]] [[New York State Route 265]] * [[Image:NY-384.svg|22px]] [[New York State Route 384]] * [[Image:NY-425.svg|22px]] [[New York State Route 425]] * [[Image:Niagara_Scenic_Pkwy_Shield.svg|22px]] [[Niagara Scenic Parkway]] * [[Image:LaSalle Expy.svg|22px]] [[LaSalle Expressway]] {{div col end}} ===State protected areas=== * [[De Veaux Woods State Park]], north of the City of Niagara Falls. * [[Devil's Hole State Park]], immediately north of the City of Niagara Falls. * [[Fort Niagara State Park]], located at the mouth of the Niagara River. * [[Earl W. Brydges Artpark State Park]], in the Town of Lewiston. * [[Four Mile Creek State Park]], on the shore of Lake Ontario. * [[Golden Hill State Park]], on the shore of Lake Ontario. * [[Hartland Swamp Wildlife Management Area]]—a conservation area in the Town of Hartland. * [[Joseph Davis State Park]], along the Niagara River. * [[Niagara Reservation State Park]], in the City of Niagara Falls. * [[Reservoir State Park]], south of the power reservoir. * [[Tonawanda Wildlife Management Area]], partly in the Town of Royalton. * [[Wilson-Tuscarora State Park]], on the shore of Lake Ontario.
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