Editing Native American trade (section)

===Shell beads===
[[File:Shell beads sbcm.jpg|thumb|Shell beads and pendants from coastal California in the [https://museum.sbcounty.gov/exhibits/view/sacred-earth/ Sacred Earth Exhibit] at the [https://museum.sbcounty.gov/ San Bernardino County Museum]]]

Shell beads (also referred to as [[shell money]]) have been used for around 9,000–10,000 years<ref name=":1">{{cite journal|last1=Gamble|first1=Lynn H.|last2=King|first2=Chester D.|date=2011|title=Beads and Ornaments from San Diego: Evidence for Exchange Networks in Southern California and the American Southwest|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23215649|journal=Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology|volume=31|issue=2|pages=155–178|jstor=23215649}}</ref> in the Americas, both pre-contact and post-contact. It was most commonly used as a form of trade, either as a material to be exchanged, or as a form of currency.<ref>Fauvelle, M. (2024). Shell money: A comparative study. Cambridge University Press.</ref>

The [[Callianax biplicata|''Olivella biplicata'']], or the purple olive shell<ref name=":2">{{cite journal|last1=Groza|first1=Randell G.|last2=Rosenthal|first2=Jeffrey|last3=Southon|first3=John|last4=Milliken|first4=Randell|date=2011|title=A Refined Shell Bead Chronology for Late Holocene Central California|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23215648|journal=Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology|volume=31|issue=2|pages=135–154|jstor=23215648}}</ref> was used during the early [[Holocene]] period, around 200–1835 CE, spanning around 1,500 years.<ref name=":2" /> Typically used by the [[Chumash people|Chumash]] (located in the central and southern coastal regions of California), it was crafted and shaped into 160 different variations of shell beads,<ref name=":2" /> which were used as a form of currency and status.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Gamble|first=Lynn H.|date=2020|title=The origin and use of shell bead money in California|doi=10.1016/j.jaa.2020.101237|journal=Journal of Anthropological Archaeology|volume=60|issue=1|pages=101237|via=Elsevier Science Direct}}</ref> Some examples of these variant styles include; needle-drilled disks, lipped beads, cupped beads, thin rectangles (pendant), thin rectangles (sequin). Made in the Santa Barbara Channel, they were distributed throughout Chumash territory and was used throughout different areas as currency, allowing for trade between different bands, making its way up California, the Great Basin, and in Western North America.

The [[Cahuilla]] (located in Palm springs) used beads traded from the [[Serrano people|Serrano]] (who had received them from the [[Tongva|Gabrieleno/Tongva]]) to create their own form of shell bead currency.<ref name=":1" /> Specific lengths were assigned for different amounts of money. An example of this is a "witchu", a string of shell beads from the forehead to the ground, then multiplied by 4 equal to 50 United States cents. Another example is  the "napanaa", measured by wrapping around the wrists and fingers, equal to 20 cents.<ref name=":1" />