Editing Music video (section)

===Talkies, soundies, and shorts===
With the arrival of "[[Sound film|talkies]]" many [[Musical short|musical short films]] were produced. [[Vitaphone]] shorts (produced by [[Warner Bros.]]) featured many bands, vocalists, and dancers. Animation artist [[Max Fleischer]] introduced a series of sing-along short cartoons called ''[[Screen Songs]]'', which invited audiences to sing along to popular songs by "following the bouncing ball", which is similar to a modern karaoke machine. Early cartoons featured popular musicians performing their hit songs on camera in live-action segments during the [[cartoon]]s. [[John Logie Baird]] created [[Phonovision|Phonovision discs]] featuring [[Betty Bolton]] and other singers from the 1930s. The early animated films by [[Walt Disney]], such as the ''[[Silly Symphony|Silly Symphonies]]'' shorts and especially ''[[Fantasia (1940 film)|Fantasia]]'', which featured several interpretations of classical pieces, were built around music. The [[Warner Bros.]] cartoons, even today billed as ''[[Looney Tunes]]'' and ''[[Merrie Melodies]]'', were initially fashioned around specific songs from upcoming Warner Bros. [[musical film]]s. Live-action musical shorts, featuring such popular artists as [[Cab Calloway]], were also distributed to theaters.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cab Calloway(1907-1994) |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0130572/ |publisher=IMDb}}</ref>

[[Blues]] singer [[Bessie Smith]] appeared in a two-reel short film called ''[[St. Louis Blues (1929 film)|St. Louis Blues]]'' featuring a dramatized performance of the hit song. Numerous other musicians appeared in short musical subjects during this period.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Perry |first1=Mackenzie |title=Complex Ramifications: Musical Short Films of the 1930s-1940s & African-American Jazz Musicians |url=https://theclassicjournal.uga.edu/index.php/2016/11/04/complex-ramifications-musical-short-films-of-the-1930s-1940s-african-american-jazz-musicians/ |website=The Classic Journal}}</ref>

''[[Soundies]]'', produced and released for the [[Panoram]] film jukebox, were musical films that often included short dance sequences, similar to later music videos.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kellem |first1=Betsy |title=Mills Panoram and Soundies |url=https://daily.jstor.org/mills-panoram-and-soundies/ |website=JSTOR Daily|date=February 22, 2023 }}</ref>

Musician [[Louis Jordan]] made short films for his songs, some of which were spliced together into a feature film, ''Lookout Sister''. These films were, according to music historian [[Donald Clarke (writer)|Donald Clarke]], the "ancestors" of music video.<ref>Clarke, pg. 39</ref>

[[File:Gentlemen Prefer Blondes Movie Trailer Screenshot (36).jpg|thumb|left|Musicals of the 1950s led to short-form music videos.]]
[[Musical film]]s were another important precursor to a music video, and several well-known music videos have imitated the style of classic Hollywood musicals from the 1930s–50s. One of the best-known examples is [[Madonna|Madonna's]] 1985 video for "[[Material Girl]]" (directed by [[Mary Lambert (director)|Mary Lambert]])<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mvdbase.com/video.php?id=17366 |title=Music Video Database - "Material Girl" |publisher=Mvdbase.com |access-date=June 13, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115075848/http://www.mvdbase.com/video.php?id=17366 |archive-date=January 15, 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> which was closely modelled on [[Jack Cole (choreographer)|Jack Cole]]'s staging of "[[Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend]]" from the film ''[[Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1953 film)|Gentlemen Prefer Blondes]]''. Several of [[Michael Jackson]]'s videos show the unmistakable influence of the dance sequences in classic Hollywood musicals, including the landmark "[[Michael Jackson's Thriller (music video)|Thriller]]" and the [[Martin Scorsese]]-directed "[[Bad (Michael Jackson song)|Bad]]", which was influenced by the stylized dance "fights" in the film version of ''[[West Side Story (1961 film)|West Side Story]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/encyclopedia/Criticism-Ideology/Dance-FROM-MUSICALS-TO-MUSIC-VIDEOS.html |title=''Film Encyclopedia'' - "Dance: From Musicals To Music Videos" |publisher=Filmreference.com |access-date=June 13, 2013}}</ref> According to the Internet Accuracy Project, [[disc jockey|DJ]]/singer J. P. "[[The Big Bopper]]" Richardson was the first to coin the phrase "music video", in 1959.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.accuracyproject.org/cbe-Richardson,J.P.TheBigBopper.html|title=J. P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson|publisher=Internet Accuracy Project|access-date=January 21, 2007}}</ref>

In his autobiography, Tony Bennett claims to have created "...the first music video" when he was filmed walking along the [[Serpentine (lake)|Serpentine]] in [[Hyde Park, London]], with the resulting clip being set to his recording of the song "[[Stranger in Paradise (song)|Stranger in Paradise]]".<ref>{{cite book|last1=Cole|first1=Clay|title=Sh-Boom!: The Explosion of Rock 'n' Roll (1953-1968)|date=October 1, 2009|publisher=Morgan James Publishing|isbn=9781600377686|page=238|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kWoLGiW-wnAC|access-date=June 8, 2014}}</ref> The clip was sent to UK and US television stations and aired on shows including [[Dick Clark]]'s [[American Bandstand]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bennett|first1=Tony|title=The Good Life: The Autobiography Of Tony Bennett|date=December 7, 2010|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-1416573661}}</ref> 
The oldest example of a promotional music video with similarities to more abstract, modern videos seems to be the [[Czechoslovakia]]n "Dáme si do bytu" ("We´ll put in the apartment") created and directed by [[Ladislav Rychman]]<!--when?-->.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/specialy/bigbit/ceskoslovensko/clanky/187-historie-ceskoslovenskeho-hudebniho-klipu-do-r-1989/ |title=History of Czechoslovak music clips before 1989 |publisher=ceskatelevize.cz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/porady/10154940613-duety-kdyz-hvezdy-zpivaji/20926530012-to-nejlepsi-z-duetu/3465-pisne/?songID=10 |title=The best of duets |publisher=ceskatelevize.cz}}</ref>