Editing Mouride (section)

===Founding ===
[[Image:AhmaduBamba.jpg|right|thumb|260px|Amadou Bamba]]
The Mouride brotherhood was founded in 1883 in Senegal by ''Shaykh'' Aḥmadu Bàmba Mbàkke ([[Wolof language|Wolof]] name), commonly known as [[Amadou Bamba]] (1850–1927). In [[Arabic]], he is known as Aḥmad ibn Muhammad ibn Habīb Allāh or by the nickname "Khadīmu r-Rasūl" ("Servant of [[Muhammad|the Prophet]]"). In Wolof he is called "Sëriñ Tuubaa" ("Holy Man of Touba"). He was born in the village of [[Mbacké]] in [[Baol]], the son of a Cheikh from the [[Qadiriyya]], the oldest of the [[Muslim brotherhoods of Senegal|Muslim brotherhoods]] in Senegal.

Amadou Bamba was a Muslim [[mysticism|mystic]] and ascetic ''[[marabout]]'', a spiritual leader who wrote tracts on [[meditation]], [[rituals]], work, and ''[[tafsir]]''. He is perhaps best known for his emphasis on work, and his disciples are known for their industriousness. Although he did not support the [[French West Africa|French conquest of West Africa]], he did not wage outright war on them, as several prominent [[Tijaniyyah|Tijani]] ''cheikh'' had done. He taught, instead, what he called the ''jihād al-akbar'' or "greater struggle," which fought not through weapons but through learning and fear of [[God in Islam|God]].

Bamba's followers call him a ''[[mujaddid]]'' (a "renewer of [[Islam]]"). Bamba's fame spread through his followers, and people joined him to receive the [[salvation]] that he promised. Salvation, he said, comes through submission to the ''cheikh'' and hard work.{{clarify|date=November 2015}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://toubacincinnati.org/al-mouridya.php|title=Khadim Rassoul Foundation of North America|website=toubacincinnati.org|access-date=2018-07-10}}</ref>

There is only one surviving photograph of Amadou Bamba, in which he wears a flowing white kaftan and his face is mostly covered by a scarf. This picture is venerated and reproduced in paintings on walls, buses, taxis, and other private and public spaces all over modern-day Senegal.