Editing Monaco (section)

===Arrival of the Grimaldi family===
[[File:Raniero I de Mónaco.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Rainier I of Monaco, Lord of Cagnes|Rainier I]], victor of the naval battle at [[Battle of Zierikzee|Zierikzee]] and first sovereign Grimaldi ruler of Monaco]]
Following a grant of land from Emperor [[Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry VI]] in 1191, Monaco was refounded in 1215 as a colony of Genoa.<ref name="state1">{{cite web |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3397.htm |title=Monaco |work=State.gov |date=16 November 2011 |access-date=28 May 2012 |archive-date=14 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814092549/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3397.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.monacolife.net/?content=articles&action=show&id=28 |title=Monaco Life |date=26 July 2011 |access-date=28 May 2012 |archive-date=8 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508024225/http://monacolife.net/?content=articles&action=show&id=28 |url-status=live }}</ref> Monaco was first ruled by a member of the House of Grimaldi in 1297, when [[François Grimaldi|Francesco Grimaldi]], known as "''Malizia''" (translated from Italian either as "The Malicious One" or "The Cunning One"), and his men captured the fortress protecting the [[Rock of Monaco]] while dressed as [[Franciscans|Franciscan]] [[friar]]s – a ''monaco'' in Italian – although this is a coincidence as the area was already known by this name.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.visitmonaco.com/us/About-Monaco/History |title=Monaco history |website=Visitmonaco.com |access-date=28 May 2012 |archive-date=29 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429091104/http://www.visitmonaco.com/us/About-Monaco/History |url-status=live }}</ref>

Francesco was evicted a few years later by the Genoese forces, and the struggle over "the Rock" continued for another century.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fr.montecarlosbm.com/sejour-luxe-monaco/monte-carlo/histoire/ |title=Histoire de Monaco, famille Grimaldi &#124; Monte-Carlo SBM |work=Fr.montecarlosbm.com |access-date=28 May 2012 |archive-date=9 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609075355/http://fr.montecarlosbm.com/sejour-luxe-monaco/monte-carlo/histoire/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Grimaldi family was Genoese and the struggle was something of a family feud. The Genoese engaged in other conflicts, and in the late 1300s Genoa lost Monaco after fighting the [[Crown of Aragon]] over [[Corsica]].<ref name="explorethemed.com">{{cite web |url=http://explorethemed.com/AragonMed.asp?c=1 |title=The Mediterranean Empire of the Crown of Aragon |website=explorethemed.com |access-date=8 August 2015 |archive-date=4 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161204061004/http://explorethemed.com/AragonMed.asp?c=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Aragon]] eventually became part of a united Spain, and other parts of the land grant came to be integrated piecemeal into other states. Between 1346 and 1355, Monaco annexed the towns of [[Menton]] and [[Roquebrune-Cap-Martin|Roquebrune]], increasing its territory by almost ten times.<ref name="explorethemed.com" />