Editing Miriam Hopkins (section)

==Career==
[[File:Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde 1931.jpg|thumb|right|With [[Fredric March]] in ''[[Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1931 film)|Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde]]'' (1931)]]
[[File:Design for Living film still.jpg|thumb|right|With [[Fredric March]] and [[Gary Cooper]] in ''[[Design for Living (film)|Design for Living]]'' (1933)]]
[[File:Herbert_Marshall_&_Miriam_Hopkins_-_Trouble_in_Paradise_publicity_shot.jpg|thumb|left|Hopkins and [[Herbert Marshall]] in a publicity photo for ''[[Trouble in Paradise (1932 film)|Trouble in Paradise]]'' (1932)]][[File:Hopkins-Jezebel-1934.jpg|thumb|left|Miriam Hopkins in the Broadway production of ''Jezebel'' (1933), an [[Owen Davis]] play. It was later adapted as a [[Jezebel (1938 film)|1938 film]] but Hopkins lost the lead role to [[Bette Davis]].]]

At age 20, Hopkins became a [[chorus girl]] in New York City; she also acted regularly on the stage throughout the 1920s, including in the 1926 stage adaptation of [[Theodore Dreiser]]'s ''[[An American Tragedy]]''. In 1930, she starred on [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] in the play ''[[Ritzy (play)|Ritzy]]'' by [[Sidney Toler]]. She starred on Broadway in the lead of ''Jezebel'', a 1933 play by [[Owen Davis]]. When it was adapted as a [[Jezebel (1938 film)|1938 film]] of the same name, Hopkins was bitterly disappointed that [[Bette Davis]] was chosen for the role she had played on stage. This began a feud between them, which the motion picture studios publicized.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ellenberger |first=Allan R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5249DwAAQBAJ&dq=hopkins+and+bette+davis&pg=PT148 |title=Miriam Hopkins: Life and Films of a Hollywood Rebel |date=2018-01-12 |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |isbn=978-0-8131-7433-4 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last= |first= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EEEAAAAMBAJ&dq=hopkins+and+bette+davis&pg=PA59 |title=LIFE |date=1939-08-21 |publisher=Time Inc |language=en}}</ref>

In 1930, Hopkins signed with [[Paramount Pictures]] and made her official film debut in ''[[Fast and Loose (1930 film)|Fast and Loose]]''. Her first great success was in the 1931 horror drama film ''[[Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1931 film)|Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde]]'', where she portrayed Ivy Pearson, a prostitute who becomes entangled with Jekyll and Hyde. She received rave reviews, including one from [[Mordaunt Hall]] of the ''New York Times'', saying she portrayed Ivy "splendidly".<ref>''The New York Times Book of Movies: The Essential 1,000 Films to See'', Universe Publishing, 2019, "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde", p. 310, first published January 2, 1932</ref>

Her career ascended swiftly. In 1932, she made her breakthrough in [[Ernst Lubitsch]]'s ''[[Trouble in Paradise (1932 film)|Trouble in Paradise]]'', where she proved her charm and wit as a beautiful and jealous pickpocket.<ref name=janeway /> During the pre-code Hollywood of the early 1930s, she appeared in ''[[The Smiling Lieutenant]]'', ''[[The Story of Temple Drake]]'', and ''[[Design for Living (film)|Design for Living]]'', all of which were box-office successes and critically acclaimed.<ref>{{cite news|last=Churchill|first=Douglas W.|date=December 30, 1934|title=The Year in Hollywood: 1934 May Be Remembered as the Beginning of the Sweetness-and-Light Era|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1934/12/30/archives/the-year-in-hollywood-1984-may-be-remembered-as-the-beginning-of.html|work=New York Times|page=X5}}</ref> ''Design for Living'' ranked as one of the top ten highest-grossing films of 1933.

Hopkins' early films were considered sexually risqué; produced in the years before the [[Motion Picture Production Code]] was rigorously enforced, they featured issues that would be prohibited after 1934. For instance, ''The Story of Temple Drake'' depicted a rape scene, and ''Design for Living'' featured a ménage à trois with [[Fredric March]] and [[Gary Cooper]]. Her successes continued during the remainder of the decade with the romantic comedy ''[[The Richest Girl in the World (1934 film)|The Richest Girl in the World]]'' (1934); the historical drama ''[[Becky Sharp (film)|Becky Sharp]]'' (1935), for which she was nominated for the [[Academy Award for Best Actress]]; ''[[Barbary Coast (film)|Barbary Coast]]'' (1935); ''[[These Three]]'' (1936) (the first of four films with the director [[William Wyler]]); and ''[[The Old Maid (1939 film)|The Old Maid]]'' (1939).

Hopkins was one of the early actresses approached to play the role of Ellie Andrews in ''[[It Happened One Night]]'' (1934). She rejected the part, and [[Claudette Colbert]] was cast.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wiley|first=Mason|author2=Damien Bona|author2-link=Damien Bona|title= Inside Oscar: The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards|year=1987|publisher=Ballantine Books|isbn= 0-345-34453-7|page=54}}</ref> Hopkins auditioned for the role of [[Scarlett O'Hara]] in ''[[Gone with the Wind (film)|Gone with the Wind]]''; she was the only candidate to be a native Georgian, but the part went to British actress [[Vivien Leigh]].

Hopkins had well-publicized fights with Bette Davis. Hopkins and Davis co-starred in ''The Old Maid'' (1939) and ''[[Old Acquaintance]]'' (1943). In this period, she believed that Davis was having an affair with her husband [[Anatole Litvak]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Miriam Hopkins Biography in the Works|work=Alternative Film Guide|url=http://www.altfg.com/blog/actors/miriam-hopkins/|first=Andre |last=Soares|date=December 3, 2006}}</ref> Davis resented her jealousy and said that she had enjoyed shaking Hopkins in a scene in ''Old Acquaintance'' after Hopkins's character makes unfounded allegations against Davis's. Press photos featured the two divas in a boxing ring, gloves up, with the director [[Vincent Sherman]] between them like a referee. In later interviews, Davis described Hopkins as a "terribly good actress", but also "terribly jealous".{{Citation needed |date=August 2019}}

After ''Old Acquaintance'', Hopkins did not work in films again until ''[[The Heiress]]'' (1949), where she played the lead character's aunt. In [[Mitchell Leisen]]'s 1951 comedy ''[[The Mating Season (film)|The Mating Season]]'', she gave a comic performance as the mother of [[Gene Tierney]]'s character. She also acted in ''[[The Children's Hour (1961 film)|The Children's Hour]]'' (1961), a remake of her film ''[[These Three]]'' (1936). In the remake, she played the aunt to [[Shirley MacLaine]], who took Hopkins' original role.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Children's Hour (1961) |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/23793 |access-date=2024-07-08 |website=AFI Catalog of Feature Films}}</ref> Her last film roles included [[Robert Redford]]'s mother in ''[[The Chase (1966 film)|The Chase]]'' (1966) and as an ageing former Hollywood star in the horror film ''[[Savage Intruder]]'' (1970).

Hopkins was a television pioneer. She performed in teleplays from the late 1940s through the late 1960s, in such programs as ''[[The Chevrolet Tele-Theatre]]'' (1949), ''[[Pulitzer Prize Playhouse]]'' (1951), ''[[Lux Video Theatre]]'' (1951–1955), and in episodes of ''[[The Investigators (1961 TV series)|The Investigators]]'' (1961) and ''[[The Outer Limits (1963 TV series)|The Outer Limits]]'' (1964), and even in an episode of ''[[The Flying Nun]]'' ("Bertrille and the Silent Flicks") in 1969.

She has two stars on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]: one for film at 1709 Vine Street and one for television at 1716 Vine Street.<ref>{{cite web |title=Miriam Hopkins |url=http://www.walkoffame.com/miriam-hopkins |website=Hollywood Walk of Fame |date=25 October 2019 |access-date=November 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191120012624/http://www.walkoffame.com/miriam-hopkins |archive-date=November 20, 2019}}</ref>