Editing Millennials (section)

==Date and age range definitions==
[[Oxford Living Dictionaries]] describes a millennial as a person "born between the early 1980s and the late 1990s."<ref>{{cite web |title=millennial |url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/millennial |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161120124039/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/millennial |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 November 2016 |website=OxfordDictionaries.com |access-date=23 March 2019}}</ref> [[Webster's Dictionary|Merriam-Webster Dictionary]] defines millennial as "a person born in the 1980s or 1990s".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Definition of MILLENNIAL|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/millennial|access-date=18 August 2021|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en}}</ref> More detailed definitions in use are as follows:

[[Jonathan Rauch]], senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, wrote for ''[[The Economist]]'' in 2018 that "generations are squishy concepts", but the 1981 to 1996 birth cohort is a "widely accepted" definition for millennials.<ref name="Rauch">{{cite news|url=https://worldin2019.economist.com/millennialsvboomers|title=Generation next|quote=Millennials will outnumber baby-boomers in 2019|last1=Rauch|first1=Jonathan|date=November 2018|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=13 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190315052954/https://worldin2019.economist.com/millennialsvboomers|archive-date=15 March 2019}}</ref> Reuters also state that the "widely accepted definition" is 1981–1996.<ref>{{cite news|title=Millennials cheer New Zealand lawmaker's "OK, Boomer" remark|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-newzealand-millennials/millennials-cheer-new-zealand-lawmakers-ok-boomer-remark-idUSKBN1XG2YT|date=6 November 2019|publisher=Reuters}}</ref>

The [[Pew Research Center]] defines millennials as the people born from 1981 to 1996, choosing these dates for "key political, economic and social factors", including the [[September 11 attacks|11 September terrorist attacks]], the [[2003 invasion of Iraq]], [[Great Recession]], and [[History of the Internet#Rise of the global Internet (late 1980s/early 1990s onward)|Internet explosion]].<ref name="Pew-2019">{{cite web|url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/01/17/where-millennials-end-and-generation-z-begins/|title=Defining generations: Where Millennials end and Generation Z begins|last1=Dimock|first1=Michael|date=17 January 2019|publisher=Pew Research Center|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/11/how-millennials-are-helping-their-parents-save-for-retirement.html|title=How millennials are helping their parents save for retirement|last=Adamczyk|first=Alicia|date=11 February 2020|publisher=[[CNBC]]|access-date=2 March 2020|department=Spend}}</ref> The United States [[Library of Congress]] explains that date ranges are 'subjective' and the traits of each cohort are generalized based around common economic, social, or political factors that happened during formative years. They acknowledge disagreements, complaints over date ranges, generation names, and the overgeneralized "personality" of each generation. They suggest that marketers and journalists use the different groupings to target their marketing to particular age groups. However, they cite Pew's 1981–1996 definition to define millennials.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Burclaff|first=Natalie|title=Research Guides: Doing Consumer Research: A Resource Guide: Generations|url=https://guides.loc.gov/consumer-research/market-segments/generations|access-date=3 February 2022|website=guides.loc.gov|language=en}}</ref> Various media outlets and statistical organizations have cited Pew's definition including ''Time'' magazine,<ref name="Time 2018">{{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/5181677/how-to-know-if-youre-a-millennial/|title=The One Way to Know If You're Officially a Millennial – Whether You Like It or Not|last1=Langone|first1=Alix|date=1 March 2018|magazine=Time|access-date=4 March 2019}}</ref> [[BBC News]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20190718-the-films-defending-the-demonised-millennial-generation|title=The films defending the demonised millennial generation|date=19 July 2019|publisher=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> ''The New York Times'',<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/01/style/millennials.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180302185702/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/01/style/millennials.html |archive-date=2 March 2018 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Are You 21 to 37? You Might Be a Millennial|last1=Stack|first1=Liam|date=1 March 2018|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=18 August 2019}}</ref> ''The Guardian'',<ref>{{cite web |title=Gen Z workers are more confident, diverse and tech-savvy but lack experience|author=Marks Gene|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/dec/05/gen-z-workers-confident-diverse-tech-savvy |website=[[The Guardian]]|language=en |date=5 December 2021}}</ref> the [[United States Bureau of Labor Statistics]],<ref>{{cite journal|last=Freemam|first=Michelle|date=October 2019|title=Time use of millennials and nonmillennials|journal=Monthly Labor Review|doi=10.21916/mlr.2019.22|doi-access=free | issn=0098-1818 }}</ref> and [[Statistics Canada]].<ref name="Statistics">{{cite news|date=2022|title=A generational portrait of Canada's aging population|publisher=Statistics Canada|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/as-sa/98-200-X/2021003/98-200-X2021003-eng.cfm|access-date=13 May 2022}}</ref>

The [[Brookings Institution]] defines the millennial generation as people born from 1981 to 1996,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gale |first1=William |title=The wealth of generations, with special attention to the millennials |url=https://www.brookings.edu/research/the-wealth-of-generations-with-special-attention-to-the-millennials/ |website=Brookings Institution |date=28 May 2020 |access-date=27 June 2020}}</ref> as does [[Gallup (company)|Gallup]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/329708/lgbt-identification-rises-latest-estimate.aspx|title=LGBT Identification Rises to 5.6% in Latest U.S. Estimate|date=24 February 2021|website=Gallup.com}}</ref> [[Federal Reserve Board of Governors|Federal Reserve Board]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Consumer & Community Context |url=https://www.federalreserve.gov/publications/files/consumer-community-context-201901.pdf |publisher=Federal Reserve |access-date=17 March 2019 |date=January 2019}}</ref> and the [[American Psychological Association]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.apa.org/advocacy/health-disparities/black-male-unemployment.pdf|title=Black Male Millennial: Unemployment and Mental Health|date=August 2018|publisher=American Psychological Association|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref> [[Encyclopædia Britannica]] defines millennials as "the term used to describe a person born between 1981 and 1996, though different sources can vary by a year or two."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Millennial {{!}} demographic group {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/millennial |access-date=7 May 2023 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> Although the [[United States Census Bureau]] have said that "there is no official start and end date for when millennials were born"<ref>{{cite web |last1=Vespa |first1=Jonathan |date=April 2017 |title=The Changing Economics and Demographics of Young Adulthood: 1975–2016 |url=https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2017/demo/p20-579.pdf |access-date=11 March 2019 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref> and they do not officially define millennials,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Colby |first1=Sandra |title=Talkin' 'Bout Our Generations: Will Millennials Have a Similar Impact on America's Institutions as the Baby Boomers? |url=https://www.census.gov/newsroom/blogs/research-matters/2015/05/talkin-bout-our-generations-will-millennials-have-a-similar-impact-on-americas-institutions-as-the-baby-boomers.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602014726/https://www.census.gov/newsroom/blogs/research-matters/2015/05/talkin-bout-our-generations-will-millennials-have-a-similar-impact-on-americas-institutions-as-the-baby-boomers.html |archive-date=2 June 2017 |access-date=11 March 2019 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau Blogs}}</ref> a U.S. Census publication in 2022 noted that millennials are "colloquially defined as the cohort born from 1981 to 1996", using this definition in a breakdown of Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) data.<ref>{{Cite web |last=U.S. Census Bureau |title=Wealth Inequality in the U.S. by Household Type |url=https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2022/08/wealth-inequality-by-household-type.html |access-date=29 January 2023 |website=United States Census Bureau |language=EN-US}}</ref>

The [[Australian Bureau of Statistics]] uses the years 1981 to 1995 to define millennials in a 2021 Census report.<ref>{{cite web |title=2021 Census shows Millennials overtaking Boomers {{!}} Australian Bureau of Statistics |url=https://www.abs.gov.au/media-centre/media-releases/2021-census-shows-millennials-overtaking-boomers |website=www.abs.gov.au |language=en |date=28 June 2022}}</ref> A report by [[Ipsos MORI]] describes the term 'Millennials' as a working title for the circa 15-year birth cohort born around 1980 to 1995, which has 'unique, defining traits'.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/2017-07/Ipsos%20-%20Millennial%20Myths%20and%20Realities.pdf |title=Ipsos Mori Thinks: Milennial: Myths and Realities |publisher=Ipsos Mori |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref> Governmental institutions such as the UK [[Department of Health and Social Care]] have also used 1980 to 1995.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/767549/Annual_report_of_the_Chief_Medical_Officer_2018_-_health_2040_-_better_health_within_reach.pdf |title=Annual Report of the Chief Medical Officer, 2018 |publisher=Department of Health and Social Care |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref> Psychologist [[Jean Twenge]] defines millennials as those born from 1980 to 1994.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www2.calstate.edu/csu-system/news/Pages/Move-Over-Millennials-How-iGen-Is-Different-Than-Any-Other-Generation-.aspx|title=Move Over, Millennials: How "iGen" Is Different From Any Other Generation {{pipe}} CSU|website=www2.calstate.edu|access-date=30 May 2021|archive-date=15 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211215182909/https://www.calstate.edu/csu-system/news/Pages/Move-Over-Millennials-How-iGen-Is-Different-Than-Any-Other-Generation-.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> Likewise, Australia's McCrindle Research uses the years 1980 to 1994 as Generation Y (millennial) birth years.<ref name="McCrindle">[http://mccrindle.com.au/resources/whitepapers/McCrindle-Research_ABC-01_Generations-Defined_Mark-McCrindle.pdf Generations Defined] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160616232732/http://mccrindle.com.au/resources/whitepapers/McCrindle-Research_ABC-01_Generations-Defined_Mark-McCrindle.pdf |date=16 June 2016}}. Mark McCrindle</ref>

A 2023 report by the [[Population Reference Bureau]] defines millennials as those born from 1981 to 1999.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ariannajohnson/2023/11/30/millennial-and-gen-z-women-face-greater-health-risks-than-prior-generations-report-finds/?sh=1d6b98331aad | title=Millennial and Gen Z Women Face Greater Health Risks Than Prior Generations, Report Finds | last=Johnson | first=Arianna | website=[[Forbes]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.prb.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/population-bulletin77no1-losing-more-ground.pdf |title=Losing More Ground: Revisiting Young Women's Well-Being Across Generations |journal=Population Bulletin |volume=77 |number=1 |date=2023 |last1=Srygley |first1=Sara |last2=Jarosz |first2=Beth |last3=Mather |first3=Mark |last4=Abu-Hashem |first4=Jenin |last5=Elliott |first5=Diana |publisher=Population Reference Bureau |page=4 |location=Washington, D.C. |issn= 0032-468X}}</ref> [[CNN]] reports that studies sometimes define millennials as born between 1980 and 2000.<ref>{{citation |title=American Generation Fast Facts |date=17 August 2019 |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2013/11/06/us/baby-boomer-generation-fast-facts/index.html |access-date=3 March 2020}}</ref> A 2017 [[BBC]] report has also referred to this age range in reference to that used by [[National Records of Scotland]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-41036361 |title=Meet the millennials: Who are Generation Y?|publisher=[[BBC News]]|date=28 August 2017 |access-date=13 August 2023}}</ref> In the UK, the [[Resolution Foundation]] uses 1981–2000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.resolutionfoundation.org/comment/its-getting-better-all-the-time/|title=It's getting better all the time? • Resolution Foundation|date=5 July 2019 }}</ref> The [[Government Accountability Office|U.S. Government Accountability Office]] defines millennials as those born between 1982 and 2000.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-20-194 | title=Millennial Generation: Information on the Economic Status of Millennial Households Compared to Previous Generations &#124; U.S. GAO | date=18 December 2019 }}</ref> Sociologist Elwood Carlson, who calls the generation "New Boomers", identified the birth years of 1983–2001, based on the upswing in births after 1983 and finishing with the "political and social challenges" that occurred after the 11 September terrorist acts.<ref name="Carlson">{{cite book|last=Carlson |first=Elwood |title=The Lucky Few: Between the Greatest Generation and the Baby Boom |year= 2008|publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-4020-8540-6 |page=29 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zUJgaHde6YUC&pg=PT45 }}</ref> Author Neil Howe, co-creator of the Strauss–Howe generational theory, defines millennials as "born 1982–2005?".<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6VnGEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA2 | isbn=978-1-9821-7373-9 | title=The Fourth Turning is Here: What the Seasons of History Tell Us about How and when This Crisis Will End | date=18 July 2023 | publisher=Simon and Schuster }}</ref>

The cohorts born during the cusp years before and after millennials have been identified as "microgenerations" with characteristics of both generations. Names given to these [[cusper]]s include ''[[Xennials]]'',<ref>{{cite news|last=Stankorb|first=Sarah|title=Reasonable People Disagree about the Post-Gen X, Pre-Millennial Generation|url=http://magazine.good.is/articles/generation-xennials|access-date=28 March 2016|newspaper=Huffington Post|date=25 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114145050/https://magazine.good.is/articles/generation-xennials|archive-date=14 January 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> ''Generation Catalano'',<ref>{{cite news|last=Shafrir|first=Doree|title=Generation Catalano|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/life/culturebox/2011/10/generation_catalano_the_generation_stuck_between_gen_x_and_the_m.html|access-date=26 June 2014|newspaper=Slate|date=24 October 2011}}</ref> the ''[[The Oregon Trail (1985 video game)|Oregon Trail]] Generation'';<ref name="Huffington1">{{cite news|last=Garvey|first=Ana|title=The Biggest (And Best) Difference Between Millennial and My Generation|url=https://huffingtonpost.com/anna-garvey/the-biggest-and-best-difference-between-millennials_b_7438370.html|access-date=28 March 2016|newspaper=Huffington Post|date=25 May 2015}}</ref> ''Zennials''<ref name="DeGering2021">{{cite web|last1=DeGering|first1=Nicea|date=4 March 2021|title=Do you feel left out of the generational war? You might be a zennial|url=https://www.abc4.com/gtu/do-you-feel-left-out-of-the-generational-war-you-might-be-a-zennial/|access-date=7 March 2021|website=abc4.com}}</ref> and ''[[Zillennials]]'',<ref>{{cite web|last1=Pence|first1=Laura|date=26 May 2021|title=There's a New Term for People Who Aren't a Millennial or GenZ|url=https://www.wfxb.com/2021/05/26/theres-a-new-term-for-people-who-arent-a-millennial-or-genz/|website=WFXB}}</ref> respectively. The term ''Geriatric Millennial'' gained popularity in 2021 to describe those born in the beginning half of the 1980s between 1980 and 1985. The term has since been used and discussed by various media outlets including [[Today (American TV program)|Today]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.today.com/tmrw/are-you-geriatric-millennial-new-term-defining-micro-generation-t218519 |title=Are you a 'geriatric millennial'? The new term defining a micro-generation |date=14 May 2021 |publisher=Today.com |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref> [[CTV News]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/lifestyle/are-you-a-geriatric-millennial-the-term-that-is-dividing-a-generation-1.5436840?cache=klfcnyffis |title=Are you a geriatric millennial? The term that is dividing a generation |date=20 May 2021 |publisher=CTV News |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref> [[HuffPost]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/geriatric-millennials-twitter_n_609eb8a3e4b099ba7536d042 |title=Twitter Users Hilariously Reject The New Term 'Geriatric Millennials' |date=14 May 2021 |publisher=HuffPost |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref> [[news.com.au]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/real-life/news-life/people-born-in-the-early-1980s-have-been-dubbed-geriatric-millennials/news-story/55ee1776aa56e2091cfd9010e2b2999f |title=People born in the early 1980s have been dubbed 'Geriatric Millennials' |publisher=News.com.au |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref> ''[[The Irish Times]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/people/emer-mclysaght-apparently-i-m-a-geriatric-millennial-i-have-found-my-people-1.4597195 |title=Emer McLysaght: Apparently I'm a 'Geriatric Millennial'. I have found my people |publisher=Irish Times |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref> and [[Business Insider]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/typical-geriatric-millennial-age-digital-skills-communication-2021-7?r=US&IR=T |title=Are you a geriatric millennial? It depends on how comfortable you are with TikTok, and whether you remember MySpace |last=Hoffower |first=Hillary |date=September 2021 |publisher=Business Insider |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref>