Editing McIntosh (apple) (section)

==Cultivation==

The McIntosh is most commonly cultivated in Canada, the United States, and Eastern Europe.{{sfn|Ferree|Warrington|2003|p=75}}  It is one of the top five apple cultivars used in cloning, and research indicates the McIntosh combines well for winter hardiness.{{sfn|Ferree|Warrington|2003|p=75}}

If unsprayed, the McIntosh succumbs easily to [[apple scab]], which may lead to entire crops being unmarketable.  It has generally low susceptibility to [[fire blight]], [[powdery mildew]], [[Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae|cedar-apple rust]], [[Gymnosporangium clavipes|quince rust]], and [[Gymnosporangium globosum|hawthorn rust]].  It is susceptible to fungal diseases such as ''[[Nectria]]'' canker, [[Wood-decay fungus|brown rot]], [[black rot]], race 1 of [[Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae|apple rust]] (but resists race 2). Furthermore, it is moderately resistant to [[Neofabraea malicorticis|''Pezicula'' bark rot]] and [[Alternaria mali|''Alternaria'' leaf blotch]], and resists brown leaf spots well.{{sfn|Ferree|Warrington|2003|p=75}}

The McIntosh is one of the most common cultivars used in apple breeding; a 1996 study found that the McIntosh was a parent in 101 of 439 cultivars selected, more than any other founding clone.{{efn|The same study found that 64% of the cultivars selected came from five founding clones: in descending order, the McIntosh, the [[Golden Delicious]], the [[Jonathan (apple)|Jonathan]], the [[Cox's Orange Pippin]], and the [[Red Delicious]].{{sfn|Noiton|Alspach|1996|p=777}} }}  It was used in over half of the Canadian cultivars selected, and was used extensively in the United States and Eastern Europe as well; rarely was it used elsewhere.{{sfn|Noiton|Alspach|1996|p=777}}  Offspring of the McIntosh include: the [[Jersey Black]] hybrid the [[Macoun apple|Macoun]], the [[Newtown Pippin]] hybrid the [[Spartan (apple)|Spartan]], the [[Cortland (apple)|Cortland]]; the [[Empire (apple)|Empire]]; the Jonamac, the Jersey Mac,{{sfn|Kipfer|2012|p=356}} the Lobo, the [[Melba (apple)|Melba]], the Summered, the Tydeman's Red,{{sfn|Ferree|Warrington|2003|p=75}} and possibly the [[Paula Red]].{{sfn|Kipfer|2012|p=356}}