Editing Malcolm Fraser (section)

===Birth and family background===
John Malcolm Fraser<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Redmond |first=Elizabeth M. |date= |orig-date=1972 |others=Published online in 2006. |title=Sir Simon Fraser (1832–1919) |url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/fraser-sir-simon-399 |journal=[[Australian Dictionary of Biography]] |volume=4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114083439/https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/fraser-sir-simon-399 |archive-date=14 January 2025 |quote=A grandson John Malcolm Fraser (1930-2015) was prime minister of Australia from 1975 to 1983.}}</ref> was born in [[Toorak, Victoria|Toorak, Melbourne, Victoria]], on 21 May 1930.<ref>Fraser & Simons (2011), p. 15.</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Stack |first=Liam |date=2015-03-20 |title=Malcolm Fraser, a Leader Given Power During Crisis in Australia, Dies at 84 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/20/world/asia/malcolm-fraser-a-leader-given-power-during-crisis-in-australia-dies-at-84.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305040715/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/20/world/asia/malcolm-fraser-a-leader-given-power-during-crisis-in-australia-dies-at-84.html |archive-date=5 March 2023 |access-date=2025-03-14 |work=[[The New York Times]] |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> He was the second of two children born to Una Arnold (née Woolf) and [[Neville Fraser|John Neville Fraser]]; his older sister Lorraine had been born in 1928. Both he and his father were known exclusively by their middle names. His paternal grandfather, [[Simon Fraser (Australian politician)|Sir Simon Fraser]], was born in [[Nova Scotia]], Canada, and arrived in Australia in 1853. He made his fortune as a railway contractor, and later acquired significant [[Pastoral farming|pastoral]] holdings, becoming a member of the "[[squattocracy]]". Fraser's maternal grandfather, Louis Woolf, was born in [[Dunedin]], New Zealand, and arrived in Australia as a child. He was of Jewish origin, a fact which his grandson did not learn until he was an adult. A chartered accountant by trade, he married Amy Booth, who was related to the wealthy [[Hordern family]] of Sydney and was a first cousin of [[Samuel Hordern|Sir Samuel Hordern]].<ref>Fraser & Simons (2011).</ref>

Fraser had a political background on both sides of his family. His father served on the [[Wakool Shire]] Council, including as president for two years, and was an admirer of [[Billy Hughes]] and a friend of [[Richard Casey, Baron Casey|Richard Casey]]. Simon Fraser served in both houses of the colonial [[Parliament of Victoria]], and represented Victoria at several of the [[Constitutional Convention (Australia)|constitutional conventions]] of the 1890s. He eventually become one of the inaugural members of the new [[Australian Senate|federal Senate]], serving from 1901 to 1913 as a member of the early conservative parties. Louis Woolf also stood for the Senate in 1901, standing as a [[Free Trade Party|Free Trader]] in [[Western Australia]]. He polled only 400 votes across the whole state, and was never again a candidate for public office.<ref>Fraser & Simons (2011).</ref>