Editing Macedonian language (section)

==History==
{{main|History of the Macedonian language}}
[[File:Denasalization of yuses in the Macedonian recension of OCS.svg|left|thumb|Denasalization of [[yus]]es in the Macedonian recension of [[Old Church Slavonic|OCS]]]]
The [[Slavs|Slavic people]] who settled in the Balkans during the 6th century CE, spoke their own dialects and used different dialects or languages to communicate with other people.{{sfn|Usikova|2005|page=103}} The "canonical" Old Church Slavonic period of the development of Macedonian started during the 9th century and lasted until the first half of the 11th century. It saw translation of [[Greek language|Greek]] religious texts.<ref name="spasov">{{cite journal|last=Spasov|first=Ljudmil|title=Периодизација на историјата на македонскиот писмен јазик и неговата стандардизација во дваесеттиот век|journal=Filološki Studii|trans-title=Periodization of the history of the Macedonian literary language and its standardization in the twentieth century|publisher=[[St. Cyril and Methodius University]]|language=mk|year=2007|pages=229–235 |volume=5|issue=1|location=Skopje|issn=1857-6060}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Koneski|first=Blazhe |title=Историја на македонскиот јазик|trans-title=History of the Macedonian Language|publisher=Kultura |location=Skopje|date=1967|language=mk}}</ref><ref name="slavic">{{cite encyclopedia|title=Slavic languages |first1=Wayles|last1=Browne|first2=Vyacheslav|last2=Vsevolodovich Ivanov|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica Online]]|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Slavic-languages#ref604061|access-date=18 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607110701/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Slavic-languages#ref604061 |archive-date=7 June 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Old Church Slavonic#Ohrid recension|Macedonian recension]] of Old Church Slavonic also appeared around that period in the [[First Bulgarian Empire|Bulgarian Empire]] and was referred to as such due to works of the [[Ohrid Literary School]].{{sfn|Lunt|2001|page=4}} Towards the end of the 13th century, the influence of Serbian increased as Serbia expanded its borders southward.{{sfn|Vidoeski|1999|page=12}} During the five centuries of [[Ottoman rule]], from the 15th to the 20th century, the vernacular spoken in the territory of current-day North Macedonia witnessed grammatical and linguistic changes that came to characterize Macedonian as a member of the Balkan sprachbund.{{sfn|Friedman|Garry|Rubino|2001|page=436}}{{sfn|Usikova|2005|pages=103, 106}} This period saw the introduction of many [[Turkish language|Turkish]] loanwords into the language.{{sfn|Friedman|Garry|Rubino|2001|page=438}}

[[File:Krste P. Misirkov.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Krste Petkov Misirkov]] (''pictured'') was one of the first to outline the distinctiveness of the Macedonian language in his book ''[[Za makedonckite raboti]]'' (''On the Macedonian Matters''), published in 1903.]]
The latter half of the 18th century saw the rise of modern literary Macedonian through the written use of [[Macedonian dialects]] referred to as "Bulgarian" by writers.{{sfn|Friedman|Garry|Rubino|2001|page=436}} The first half of the 19th century saw the rise of nationalism among the South Slavic people in the Ottoman Empire.{{sfn|Kramer|1999|p=234}} This period saw proponents of creating a [[Bulgarian Exarchate|common church]] for Bulgarian and Macedonian Slavs which would use a common modern Macedo-Bulgarian literary standard.{{sfn|Kramer|1999|p=235}}{{sfn|Bechev|2009|page=134}}

The period between 1840 and 1870, saw a struggle to define the dialectal base of the common language called simply "Bulgarian", with two opposing views emerging.{{sfn|Friedman|Garry|Rubino|2001|page=438}}{{sfn|Kramer|1999|p=235}} One ideology was to create a Bulgarian literary language based on Macedonian dialects, but such proposals were rejected by the Bulgarian codifiers.{{sfn|Friedman|Garry|Rubino|2001|page=436}}{{sfn|Kramer|1999|p=235}} That period saw poetry written in the [[Struga dialect]] with elements from [[Russian language|Russian]].{{sfn|Usikova|2005|page=106}} Textbooks also used either spoken dialectal forms of the language or a mixed Macedo-Bulgarian language.{{sfn|Nihtinen|1999|page=51}} Subsequently, proponents of the idea of using a separate Macedonian language emerged.{{sfn|Nihtinen|1999|page=47}}

[[Krste Petkov Misirkov]]'s book ''[[Za makedonckite raboti]]'' (''On Macedonian Matters'') published in 1903, was the first attempt to formalize a separate literary language.{{sfn|Kramer|1999|p=236}} With the book, the author proposed a Macedonian grammar and expressed the goal of codifying the language and using it in schools. The author postulated the principle that the [[Prilep-Bitola dialect]] be used as a dialectal basis for the formation of the Macedonian standard language; his idea however was not adopted until the 1940s.{{sfn|Friedman|Garry|Rubino|2001|page=436}}{{sfn|Usikova|2005|page=106}} On 2 August 1944 at the first [[Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Macedonia]] (ASNOM) meeting, Macedonian was declared an official language.{{sfn|Friedman|Garry|Rubino|2001|page=436}}{{sfn|Pejoska-Bouchereau|2008|page=146}} With this, it became the last of the major Slavic languages to achieve a standard literary form.<ref name="slavic" /> As such, Macedonian served as one of the three official languages of Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1991.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://manu.edu.mk/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0-%D0%B7%D0%B0-%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82-%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA.pdf|title=Повелба за македонскиот јазик|trans-title=Charter for the Macedonian language|publisher=[[Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts]]|language=mk|date=3 December 2019|location=Skopje|access-date=18 March 2020}}</ref>