Editing M6 motorway (section)

==History==
{{anchor|Preston By-pass}}{{anchor|Preston by-pass}}

===Planning and construction===
The first section of the motorway and the first motorway in the country was the [[Preston By-pass]]. It was built by [[Tarmac Group|Tarmac Construction]] and opened by the [[British Prime Minister|Prime Minister]] [[Harold Macmillan]] on 5 December 1958.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cbrd.co.uk/histories/openingbooklets/pdf/prestonbypass.pdf |title=Preston Bypass Opening (Booklet) |access-date=20 January 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080229185452/http://www.cbrd.co.uk/histories/openingbooklets/pdf/prestonbypass.pdf |archive-date=29 February 2008}}</ref> In January 1959 the Preston by-pass was closed because of rapid surface deterioration over a stretch of {{convert|100|yd|m}} "due to water freezing and then thawing". Motorists were diverted to the old road while the UK road research laboratory at Harmondsworth pondered the importance of surface water drainage.<ref name="PracticalMotorist1959">{{cite magazine |title=The Preston By-pass-Enquiry Needed |magazine=Practical Motorist and Motor Cyclist |volume=5 |issue=57 |page=803 |date=March 1959}}</ref>

The second phase of construction was completed in 1960, forming the Lancaster by-pass. Some {{convert|100|mi|km}} south, the Stafford by-pass was completed in 1962.<ref name="Engineers1981"/><ref name="surveyor">{{cite book|title=Surveyor|edition=XII|series=1|volume=XII|year=1978|publisher=The St. Bride's Press|location=London|page=35|chapter=III}}</ref> By 1965, the remaining sections of motorway Stafford–Preston and Preston–Lancaster had been completed. 1966 saw junction 11 to 13 completed. 1968 saw the completion of the [[Walsall]] to Stafford link as well as the Penrith by-pass some {{convert|150|mi|km}} north in [[Cumberland]]. In 1970, the Lancaster–Penrith link was completed, along with a short section of motorway by-passing the south of Walsall. The most northerly section of the motorway also opened in 1970, running to the designated terminus north of Carlisle. By 1971 the full route was completed between the junction with the M1 motorway at Rugby and the [[A38 road]] several miles north-east of Birmingham city centre,<ref name="Engineers1981">{{cite book |title=The Highway Engineer |url={{GBurl|cPRVAAAAMAAJ}} |access-date=9 July 2012|year=1981 |publisher=Institution of Highway Engineers |page=23}}</ref> including [[Bromford Viaduct]] between [[Castle Bromwich]] (J5) and [[Gravelly Hill]] (J6), which at {{Convert|3.5|mi|km}} is the longest viaduct in Great Britain.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ciht.org.uk/motorway/m5m6midlink.htm |title=Midland Links Motorways. M5 (J1 to J3) and M6 (J13 to J1) |publisher=[[Chartered Institution of Highways and Transportation]] |access-date=31 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207125434/http://www.ciht.org.uk/motorway/m5m6midlink.htm |archive-date=7 February 2012  }}</ref><ref name="(M.S.)2002">{{cite book |title=The Motorway Achievement – Frontiers of Knowledge and Practice |editor-first1=Ron |editor-last1=Bridle |editor-first2=John |editor-last2=Porter |url={{GBurl|7Yqxyefv-VAC|page=539}} |year=2002 |volume=2 |publisher=Thomas Telford |isbn=978-0-7277-3197-5 |pages=539–}}</ref>

Junction 6 in Birmingham, which opened in May 1972, is widely known as [[Gravelly Hill Interchange|Spaghetti Junction]] because of its complexity and round and curvy-like design. On the elevated ground between [[Shap]] and [[Tebay]], the north and south-bound carriages split apart.<ref name="Carpenter2011">{{cite book|first=T. G. |last=Carpenter|title=Construction in the Landscape: A Handbook for Civil Engineering to Conserve Global Land Resources |url={{GBurl|3vm90DLrfEYC|page=143}}|access-date=9 July 2012|date=27 January 2011|publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-84407-923-0 |pages=143–}}</ref> At this point a local road (to [[Scout Green]]) runs between the two carriageways without a link to the motorway.<ref name="The spectator">{{cite book|title=The Spectator |url={{GBurl|D24HAQAAIAAJ}}|access-date=9 July 2012|year=1980 |publisher=F. C. Westley |volume=245 |issue=2}}</ref>

The section of the M6 that runs over Shap Fell in Cumbria at [[Shap Summit]] is {{convert|1036|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level, one of the highest points on any motorway in the UK (Junction 22 of the [[M62 motorway|M62]] on Moss Moor is higher). The [[civil engineer|motorway engineers]] here chose to follow the route of the [[Lancaster and Carlisle Railway]] engineered by [[Joseph Locke]] (now part of the West Coast Main Line) where the motorway runs in a split-level cutting above the railway in the descent from Shap Fell through the Lune Gorge into southern Cumbria.<ref name="Government1965">{{citation |title=The Municipal Journal |volume=73 |year=1965 |publisher=Ministry of Housing and Local Government}}</ref>

The northbound entry slip road at Lancaster (Junction 34) was unusually short, presenting problems for traffic joining the motorway. The M6 crosses the [[River Lune]] at this point and unless the bridge had been made wider, there was no space to build a longer slip road. This junction was upgraded from an earlier emergency-vehicles-only access point, which explains the substandard design.<ref name="CommitteeCommons2005">{{cite book |author1=House of Commons: Transport Committee |title=Road Pricing: The Next Steps; Seventh Report of Session 2004–05 |date=2 August 2005 |publisher=The Stationery Office |isbn=978-0-215-02566-1 |pages=46–}}</ref> The construction of the [[Heysham to M6 Link Road]] (The Bay Gateway) has completely re-modelled this junction with a wide additional bridge over the River Lune and other works repositioning slip roads with new acceleration lanes to modern standards.

The route was originally intended to replace the old [[A6 road (England)|A6]], which it does along the northern section starting with the Preston Bypass. However, a much closer approximation to the overall actual route of the M6 (heading north from its southern terminus) is provided by following the [[A45 road|A45]], [[A34 road|A34]], [[A50 road|A50]], [[A49 road|A49]], then the [[A6 road (England)|A6]].<ref name="achievement2">{{cite book |title=The Motorway Achievement – The British Motorway System: Visualisation, Policy and Achievement |volume=1 |url={{GBurl|ndZVcax375EC|page=469}} |editor-first1=Peter |editor-last1=Baldwin |editor-first2=Robert |editor-last2=Baldwin |year=2004 |publisher=Thomas Telford |isbn=978-0-7277-3196-8 |pages=469–}}</ref> South of Preston, the A6 route is instead supplemented by the [[M61 motorway|M61]] as far as [[Manchester]], with the [[M60 motorway|M60]] acting as a bypass around the city. South of Manchester, there is no true motorway replacement for the old road. The [[M1 motorway|M1]] acts as a bypass for long-distance traffic in the south, from the [[Kegworth]] junction near [[Nottingham]], to [[Luton]] and [[St. Albans]] near London; but, it is not an alternative for local traffic as the routes diverge by more than {{Convert|15|mi|km}} while passing through [[Northamptonshire]]. Across the [[Pennines]], the old road remains the main local through-route, and long-distance fast traffic between [[Derby]] and Manchester must instead take either the [[A50 road|A50]] and M6, or M1 and M62.<ref name="motorway archive 1">{{cite web |url=http://www.ciht.org.uk/motorway/m5m6midlink.htm |title=M6 |work=The Motorway Archive. Midland Links Motorways |publisher=[[Chartered Institution of Highways and Transportation]] |access-date=9 July 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207125434/http://www.ciht.org.uk/motorway/m5m6midlink.htm |archive-date=7 February 2012}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=July 2012}}

Once all sections of the motorway were constructed, and it was finally all linked together, the result was an uninterrupted motorway length of {{convert|230|mi}}.<ref name="Surveyor">{{cite book|title=Surveyor|year=1978|publisher=The St. Bride's Press|page=21}}</ref><ref name="ServicesInformation1970">{{cite book|author1=British Information Services|author2=Great Britain. Central Office of Information|title=Survey of British and Commonwealth affairs|url={{GBurl|8xIiAQAAIAAJ}}|access-date=9 July 2012|edition=I|series=One|volume=I|date=1 January 1970|publisher=Published for British Information Services by Her Majesty's Stationery Office|location=England, United Kingdom|chapter=I}}</ref><ref name="DivisionServices1979">{{cite book|author1=Central Office of Information |title=Inland transport in Britain|url={{GBurl|6EpnAAAAMAAJ}}|access-date=9 July 2012|year=1979|publisher=H.M.S.O.|isbn=978-0-11-700989-9}}</ref>

===Operational===
[[File:M6 motorway, Cheshire, 1969.jpg|thumb|left|The M6 in [[Cheshire]] (1969)]]

In July 1972, the  Minister for Transport Industries, [[John Peyton, Baron Peyton of Yeovil|John Peyton]], announced that {{convert|86|mi|km}} of UK motorway particularly prone to fog would benefit from lighting in a project which "should be" completed by 1973.<ref name="Autocar197207">{{cite magazine |title = News: Motorway lighting |magazine=[[Autocar (magazine)|Autocar]] | volume =  137 |issue= 3,978 |page =19| date = 13 July 1972}}</ref> Sections to be illuminated included the M6 between junctions 10 and 11, and between junctions 20 and 27.<ref name=Autocar197207/>

In March 2006, after 15 years of debate,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbrd.co.uk/futures/upgrade/m6.shtml|title=M6 Carlisle&nbsp;— Gretna |work=CBRD |publisher=[[Chartered Institution of Highways and Transportation]] |access-date=20 January 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027043810/http://www.cbrd.co.uk/futures/upgrade/m6.shtml|archive-date=27 October 2007}}</ref> the government authorised the construction of a {{convert|6|mi|adj=on}} extension of the M6 from its then northern terminus near Carlisle to the Anglo-Scottish border at [[Gretna, Scotland|Gretna]] (the so-called "[[A74 road#Cumberland Gap|Cumberland Gap]]"), where it links into the existing [[A74(M) and M74 motorways|A74(M)]].<ref>{{cite web|title=M6 Carlisle to Guards Mill Extension |publisher=Highways Agency |url=http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/projects/5069.aspx |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120810121037/http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/projects/5069.aspx |archive-date=10 August 2012|access-date=3 May 2014}}</ref> The road opened on 5 December 2008, the 50th anniversary of the M6 Preston By-pass.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.roadtraffic-technology.com/projects/northextension/|title=M6 North Extension, United Kingdom|work=Road Traffic Technology|access-date=20 January 2008}}</ref> The project, which was a mixture of new road and upgrade of the existing A74, crosses the West Coast Main Line and had an estimated costs of £174&nbsp;million. It completed an uninterrupted motorway from just south of [[Dunblane]] (via the [[M9 motorway (Scotland)|M9]], the recently opened [[M80 motorway|M80]] section near [[Cumbernauld]] and the [[M73 motorway|M73]]) in the north to [[Exeter]] (via the [[M5 motorway|M5]]) and to [[London]] (via both the [[M42 motorway|M42]]/[[M40 motorway|M40]] and the [[M1 motorway|M1]]) in the south.<ref name="Institute2006">{{cite book|author=Royal Town Planning Institute |title=Planning: for the natural and built environment|edition=1|volume=I|year=2006|publisher=Planning Publications|location=London|page=14|chapter=I}}</ref>

{{location map+|United Kingdom motorways
|float=right
|width=350
|places=
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label={{nowrap|[[Burton-in-Kendal Services|Burton-in-Kendal]]{{efn|name=NB}}}}|lat=54.178078|long=-2.73475|mark=Green pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label={{nowrap|[[Charnock Richard MSA|Charnock Richard]]}}|position=left|lat=53.630425|long=-2.691779|mark=Black pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label={{lower|[[Corley services|Corley]]}}|position=left|lat=52.47224|long=-1.548005|mark=Black pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label={{nowrap|[[Hilton Park services|Hilton Park]]}}|position=left|lat=52.64273|long=-2.05907|mark=Green pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label=[[Keele services|Keele]]|lat=52.99387|long=-2.29048|mark=Black pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label={{nowrap|[[Killington Lake Services|Killington Lake]]{{efn|name=SB}}}}|position=left|lat=54.314355|long=-2.635263|mark=Red pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label=[[Knutsford Services|Knutsford]]|position=right|lat=53.30097|long=-2.40209|mark=Green pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label={{nowrap|[[Lancaster (Forton) Services|Lancaster Forton]]}}|position=left|lat=53.960779|long=-2.759575|mark=Green pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label={{nowrap|Lymm (truckstop)}}|position=left|lat=53.359133|long=-2.504453|mark=Green pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label={{raise|{{nowrap|[[Norton Canes services|Norton Canes]] (M6 Toll)}}}}|position=right|lat=52.6643|long=-1.9688|mark=Red pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label=[[Rugby services|Rugby]]|position=right|lat=52.40809|long=-1.24573|mark=Green pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label=[[Sandbach services|Sandbach]]|position=left|lat=53.13987|long=-2.33665|mark=Red pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label=[[Southwaite Services|Southwaite]]|position=left|lat=54.79765|long=-2.87101|mark=Green pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label=[[Stafford services|Stafford]]{{efn|Northbound operated by [[Moto Hospitality|Moto]], southbound by [[Roadchef]].}}|position=left|lat=52.88436|long=-2.17083|mark=Green pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label=[[Tebay MSA|Tebay]]|lat=54.45|long=-2.608|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|United Kingdom motorways|label={{raise|{{nowrap|[[Todhills Rest Area|Todhills (rest area)]]}}}}|lat=54.9513|long=-2.9791|mark=Green pog.svg}}
|caption=M6 service areas<br />Operators:{{spaces|em}}{{nowrap|[[File:Green pog.svg|8px]] [[Moto Hospitality|Moto]]{{spaces|em}}}}{{wbr}}{{nowrap|[[File:Red pog.svg|8px]] [[Roadchef]]{{spaces|em}}}}{{wbr}}{{nowrap|[[File:Black pog.svg|8px]] [[Welcome Break]]{{spaces|em}}}}{{wbr}}{{nowrap|[[File:Blue pog.svg|8px]] [[Westmorland Motorway Services|Westmorland]]}}
}}
The [[M6 Toll]], Britain's first [[toll road|toll motorway]], which bypasses the [[West Midlands conurbation]] to the east and north of Birmingham and Walsall and was built to alleviate [[traffic congestion]] through the West Midlands, opened in December 2003. Before the opening of the toll motorway, this section of the M6 carried 180,000 vehicles per day at its busiest point near [[Wolverhampton]] (between the junctions with the M54 and M5 motorways), compared with a design capacity of only 72,000 vehicles. Usage, at about 50,000 vehicles, was lower than expected and traffic levels on the M6 were only slightly reduced as a result. The high toll prices, which were set by the operating company and over which the [[Government of the United Kingdom|UK Government]] has no influence until 2054, were blamed for the low usage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/documents/one_year_after_study.pdf|title=One year after study|publisher=Highways Agency|date=11 August 2005|access-date=24 January 2008|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091115051216/http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/documents/one_year_after_study.pdf |archive-date = 15 November 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=October 2021}}{{citation needed|date=October 2021}} Much traffic continues to use the M6 or the continued on the M1 and took the [[A50 road|A50]] or [[A52 road|A52]].<ref name="Highways & road construction international">{{cite book |title=Highways & Road Construction International |volume=41 |year=1973}}</ref> {{As of|July 2012}} the road between Junctions 3A and 11A now carries 120,000 motor vehicles every day.<ref name="Commons1984">{{cite book|author=Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons|title=Parliamentary debates: Official report|year=2012|publisher=H.M. Stationery Off.}}{{full citation needed|date=October 2021}}</ref>

A proposed extension to the M6 Toll known as the '[[M6 Toll|M6 Expressway]]', which would have continued from the M6 Toll as far as [[Knutsford]], at which point much of the existing M6 traffic leaves the M6 for [[Manchester]], was abandoned in 2006 due to excessive costs, anticipated construction problems<ref name="Decision on M6 Upgrade Announced">{{cite web|title=Decision on M6 Upgrade Announced |publisher=News Distribution Service for the Government and Public Sector |url=http://www.gnn.gov.uk/Content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=215626&NewsAreaID=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080504023744/http://nds.coi.gov.uk/Content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=215626&NewsAreaID=2 |archive-date=4 May 2008|access-date=3 May 2014}}</ref> and disappointing levels of use of the M6 Toll.

In October 2007, following a successful trial on the [[M42 motorway|M42]] in the West Midlands, the government announced that two stretches of the M6 would be upgraded to allow the [[hard shoulder]] to be used as a normal running lane during busy conditions under a scheme called [[active traffic management]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/transport/article3096713.ece|title=Hard-shoulder scheme to go nationwide|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=27 October 2007|access-date=25 January 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027051954/http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/transport/article3096713.ece|archive-date=27 October 2007}}</ref> The two stretches, between junctions 4 and 5 and between junctions 10a and 8, are two of the busiest sections on the entire motorway.<ref name="achievement">{{cite book |title=The Motorway Achievement – The British Motorway System: Visualisation, Policy and Achievement |volume=1 |url={{GBurl|ndZVcax375EC|page=693}} |editor-first1=Peter |editor-last1=Baldwin |editor-first2=Robert |editor-last2=Baldwin |year=2004 |publisher=Thomas Telford |isbn=978-0-7277-3196-8 |page=693 |chapter=16: Safety research at the Transport Research Laboratory |first=D. M. |last=Colwill}}</ref> It was then proposed that the system could be extended onto other stretches of the M6 while the government undertook a feasibility study to determine other likely locations for this technology to be used.<ref name="achievement1">{{cite book |title=The Motorway Achievement – The British Motorway System: Visualisation, Policy and Achievement |volume=1 |url={{GBurl|ndZVcax375EC|page=694}} |editor-first1=Peter |editor-last1=Baldwin |editor-first2=Robert |editor-last2=Baldwin |year=2004 |publisher=Thomas Telford |isbn=978-0-7277-3196-8 |pages=694– |chapter=16: Safety research at the Transport Research Laboratory |first=D. M. |last=Colwill}}</ref> The stretch between junctions 4 and 5 was completed during December 2009<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mynewsdesk.com/uk/pressreleases/highways-agency-transport-minister-opens-england-s-second-hard-shoulder-running-scheme-348172|title=Highways Agency: Transport Minister opens England's second Hard Shoulder Running Scheme|website=MyNewsDesk|access-date=5 January 2018}}</ref> while the stretch between junctions 10a and 8 was completed during March 2011.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hard shoulders opens on busy M6 by Birmingham|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-12814297|website=BBC News|date=22 March 2011|publisher=BBC News|access-date=5 January 2018}}</ref> This was then followed by a stretch between junctions 5 and 8 which started construction in April 2012 and was completed in October 2014.<ref>{{cite web |title=M6 Birmingham Box ATM Phase 3 |url=https://www.roads.org.uk/road-schemes/m6-birmingham-box-atm-phase-3 |website=Roads.org |access-date=26 March 2019}}</ref>

After plans of the government to improve reliability and capacity between Junctions 11 by [[Cannock]] and Junction 19 near Knutsford it favoured a new motorway in 2004, 'The Expressway' following a roughly parallel course to the existing M6.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dft.gov.uk/press/speechesstatements/statements/encouragingbetteruseofroadsa5919|title=Encouraging better use of roads and the M6|publisher=Department for Transport|access-date=20 January 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070811065448/http://www.dft.gov.uk/press/speechesstatements/statements/encouragingbetteruseofroadsa5919  |archive-date = 11 August 2007}}</ref><ref name="Committee2010">{{cite book|author=Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Welsh Affairs Committee|title=The Severn crossings toll: third report of session 2010–11, report, together with formal minutes and written evidence|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k50RNr2_iIUC&pg=PA58|access-date=9 July 2012|date=22 December 2010|publisher=The Stationery Office|isbn=978-0-215-55570-0|pages=58–}}</ref> In July 2006, the government announced its decision to abandon the Expressway proposal, and favoured widening accompanied by demand-management measures,<ref name="Decision on M6 Upgrade Announced"/> and launched a study to consider options for providing additional capacity.<ref>{{cite web|title=M6 Jct 11A – 19 (Increasing Capacity) Study |publisher=Highways Agency |url=http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/projects/11587.aspx |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120810121037/http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/projects/11587.aspx |archive-date=10 August 2012|access-date=3 May 2014}}</ref> After the stretch between junction 10a and 13 was upgraded to a managed motorway in February 2016,<ref>{{cite web |title=M6 J10A-13 Smart Motorway |url=https://www.roads.org.uk/road-schemes/m6-j10a-13-smart-motorway |website=Roads.org |access-date=21 May 2019}}</ref> it was then proposed to introduce a managed motorway between junction 13 and 19,<ref>{{cite web|title=M6 Junctions 13–19 Managed Motorway|url=http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/road-projects/m6-junctions-13-19-managed-motorway/}}</ref> later divided into two separate stretches, between junctions 16 and 19 and junctions 13 and 15.<ref>{{cite web|title=Big six share £1.5bn smart motorway contracts|url=http://www.theconstructionindex.co.uk/news/view/big-six-share-15bn-smart-motorway-contracts|website=The Construction Index|access-date=5 January 2018}}</ref> The stretch between junctions 16 and 19 started construction in December 2015<ref>{{cite web|title=M6 junctions 16-19: smart motorway|url=http://roads.highways.gov.uk/projects/m6-junctions-16-19-smart-motorway/|website=Highways England|access-date=5 January 2018}}</ref> and was completed in March 2019<ref>{{cite web |title=M6 smart motorway upgrade between Crewe and Knutsford opens |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-47695629# |website=BBC News |date=25 March 2019 |access-date=26 March 2019}}</ref> while construction on the stretch between junctions 13 and 15 commenced in March 2018<ref>{{cite web|title=M6 junction 13 to junction 15 smart motorway|url=https://nationalhighways.co.uk/our-roads/west-midlands/m6-junction-13-to-junction-15-smart-motorway/#documents|website=National Highways|date=22 May 2020 |access-date=28 January 2023}}</ref> and was completed in August 2022.<ref>{{cite web |title=M6 motorway upgrade now fully open |url=https://www.expressandstar.com/news/2022/08/15/m6-motorway-upgrade-now-fully-open/ |website=Express & Star |date=15 August 2022 |access-date=28 January 2023}}</ref>

In April 2021, the M6 gained [[Rugby services|the first motorway service station]] to be built for thirteen years. Located off Junction 1 at Rugby and opened on 30 April 2021, the facility, run by [[Moto Hospitality]], includes the largest electric vehicle charging facility in the UK, run by [[Ecotricity]] and [[Gridserve]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Trinkwon |first=Will |date=30 April 2021 |title=Electric Highways opens UK's largest EV motorway charging station |url=https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/industry-news-environment/electric-highways-opens-uk%E2%80%99s-largest-ev-motorway-charging-station |work=Autocar |location= |access-date=30 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Clark |first=Madeleine |date=30 April 2021 |title=More than 100 jobs created at UK's first electric vehicle motorway services in Rugby |url=https://www.coventrytelegraph.net/news/coventry-news/more-100-jobs-created-uks-20490633 |work=The Coventry Telegraph |location= |access-date=30 April 2021}}</ref>