Editing Māori language (section)

== Official status ==
{{Further|Languages of New Zealand}}
[[File:Bilingual ticket sign at train station in Auckland, New Zealand.jpg|thumb|Bilingual sign at a railway station in Auckland, New Zealand]]

New Zealand has two ''[[de jure]]'' official languages: Māori and [[New Zealand Sign Language]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Our Languages – Ō Tātou Reo |url=https://www.ethniccommunities.govt.nz/resources-2/our-languages-o-tatou-reo/ |publisher=Ministry for Ethnic Communities |access-date=5 May 2022 |archive-date=18 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518102710/https://www.ethniccommunities.govt.nz/resources-2/our-languages-o-tatou-reo/ |url-status=live }}</ref> whereas [[New Zealand English]] acts as a ''[[de facto]]'' official language.<ref name="royal-society-nz">{{cite web |title=Languages in Aotearoa New Zealand |url=https://royalsociety.org.nz/assets/Uploads/Languages-in-Aotearoa-New-Zealand.pdf |website=royalsociety.org.nz |publisher=The Royal Society of New Zealand Te Apārangi |access-date=5 May 2022 |archive-date=5 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305121024/https://royalsociety.org.nz/assets/Uploads/Languages-in-Aotearoa-New-Zealand.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="stuff-nz">{{cite news |last1=Walters |first1=Laura |title=ANALYSIS: Why English does not need to be made an official language |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/101497027/analysis-why-english-does-not-need-to-be-made-an-official-language |access-date=5 May 2022 |publisher=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |date=16 February 2018 |archive-date=12 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512221723/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/101497027/analysis-why-english-does-not-need-to-be-made-an-official-language |url-status=live }}</ref> {{Lang|Mi|Te reo Māori}} gained its official status with the passing of the [[Maori Language Act 1987|Māori Language Act 1987]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tetaurawhiri.govt.nz/act87/3.shtml |title=Recognition of Māori Language |publisher=New Zealand Government |access-date=29 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207104608/http://www.tetaurawhiri.govt.nz/act87/3.shtml |archive-date=7 February 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Most government departments and agencies have bilingual names—for example, the [[Department of Internal Affairs (New Zealand)|Department of Internal Affairs]] is alternatively {{lang|mi|Te Tari Taiwhenua}}—and places such as local government offices and public libraries display bilingual signs and use bilingual stationery; some government services now even use the Māori version solely as the official name.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Stock |first1=Rob |title=Government and business leaders explain their organisations' te reo Māori names |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/126337832/government-and-business-leaders-explain-their-organisations-te-reo-mori-names |access-date=21 February 2022 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |date=14 September 2021 |language=en |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220143828/https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/126337832/government-and-business-leaders-explain-their-organisations-te-reo-mori-names |url-status=live }}</ref> Personal dealings with government agencies may be conducted in Māori, but in practice, this almost always requires [[language interpretation|interpreters]], restricting its everyday use to the limited geographical areas of high Māori fluency, and to more formal occasions, such as during [[public consultation]]. An interpreter is on hand at sessions of the [[New Zealand Parliament]] for instances when a member wishes to speak in Māori.<ref name="Language Act"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Iorns Magallanes |first1=Catherine J. |title=Dedicated Parliamentary Seats for Indigenous Peoples: Political Representation as an Element of Indigenous Self-Determination |journal=Murdoch University Electronic Journal of Law |date=December 2003 |volume=10 |url=http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/MurUEJL/2003/39.html |access-date=29 June 2017 |ssrn=2725610 |archive-date=16 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516105547/http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/MurUEJL/2003/39.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Māori may be spoken in judicial proceedings, but any party wishing to do so must notify the court in advance to ensure an interpreter is available. Failure to notify in advance does not preclude the party speaking in Māori, but the court must be adjourned until an interpreter is available and the party may be held liable for the costs of the delay.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2016/0017/latest/DLM6174519.html|title=Te Ture mō Te Reo Māori 2016 No 17 (as at 01 March 2017), Public Act 7 Right to speak Māori in legal proceedings – New Zealand Legislation|website=legislation.govt.nz|access-date=8 July 2019|archive-date=8 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708002911/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2016/0017/latest/DLM6174519.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

A 1994 ruling by the [[Judicial Committee of the Privy Council]] (then New Zealand's highest court) held the Government responsible under the [[Treaty of Waitangi]] (1840) for the preservation of the language.<ref>''New Zealand Maori Council v Attorney-General'' [1994] 1 NZLR 513</ref> Accordingly, since March 2004, the state has funded [[Māori Television]], broadcast partly in Māori. On 28 March 2008, Māori Television launched its second channel, {{lang|mi|[[Te Reo (TV channel)|Te Reo]]|italic=no}}, broadcast entirely in the Māori language, with no advertising or subtitles. The first Māori TV channel, [[Aotearoa Television Network]] (ATN) was available to viewers in the Auckland region from 1996 but lasted for only one year.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Dunleavy |first1=Trisha |title=Television – Māori television |url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/television/page-3 |encyclopedia=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |access-date=24 August 2015 |date=29 October 2014}}</ref>

In 2008, [[Land Information New Zealand]] published the first list of official place names with [[Macron (diacritic)|macron]]s. Previous place name lists were derived from computer systems (usually mapping and [[geographic information system]]s) that could not handle macrons.<ref>{{cite web |title=New Zealand Gazetteer of Official Geographic Names |url=http://www.linz.govt.nz/placenames/find-names/nz-gazetteer-official-names/index.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011034338/http://www.linz.govt.nz/placenames/find-names/nz-gazetteer-official-names/index.aspx |archive-date=11 October 2014 |access-date=22 February 2009 |publisher=Land Information New Zealand}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=December 2023}}

=== Political dimensions ===
The official status of Māori, and especially its use in official names and titles, is a political issue in New Zealand. In 2022 a 70,000 strong petition from [[Te Pāti Māori]] went to Parliament calling for New Zealand to be officially renamed [[Aotearoa]], and was accepted for debate by the Māori Affairs select committee.<ref name=teAoNews>{{cite news|url=https://www.teaonews.co.nz/2022/10/25/petition-to-reinstate-aotearoa-as-official-name-of-new-zealand-accepted-by-select-committee/|last=Trafford|first=Will|title=Petition to reinstate Aotearoa as official name of New Zealand, accepted by select committee|work=Te Ao News|date=25 October 2022|access-date=7 May 2024}}</ref> During [[New Zealand First]]'s successful campaign to return to Parliament in 2023, party leader [[Winston Peters]] ridiculed the proposal as "ideological mumbo jumbo"<ref name=1News_Englishofficial>{{cite news|url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/08/20/winston-peters-proposes-to-make-english-an-official-language/|last=McGuire|first=Casper|title=Winston Peters proposes to make English an official language|work=[[1News]]|publisher=[[TVNZ]]|date=20 August 2023|access-date=7 May 2024}}</ref> and criticised the use of the name in government reports.<ref name=Herald_NZFirst>{{cite news|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/politics/winston-peters-announces-new-zealand-first-will-be-back-in-2023/HYW3IUM7ZVRDH7X7IRCHBZWRBQ/|last=Cheng|first=Derek|title=Winston Peters announces New Zealand First will be back in 2023|work=[[New Zealand Herald]]|date=20 June 2021|access-date=7 May 2024}}</ref> Peters promised his party would remove Māori names from government departments,<ref name=1News_removeMāorinames>{{cite news|url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/24/winston-peters-nz-first-would-remove-maori-names-from-govt-depts/|last=Desmarais|first=Felix|title=Winston Peters: NZ First would remove Māori names from Govt depts|work=[[1News]]|publisher=[[TVNZ]]|date=24 March 2023|access-date=7 May 2024}}</ref> saying "[[Te Whatu Ora]], excuse me, I don't want to speak the Māori language when I go to hospital."<ref name=Herald_notindigenous>{{cite news|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/election-2023-winston-peters-claims-maori-are-not-indigenous-during-nelson-meeting-with-nz-first-supporters/ZCEBFEUDZJGHXA2SY4KGOFETIQ/|last=Tan|first=Lincolnl|title=Election 2023: Winston Peters claims "Māori are not indigenous" during Nelson meeting with NZ First supporters|work=[[New Zealand Herald]]|date=10 September 2023|access-date=7 May 2024}}</ref> As part of its coalition agreement with New Zealand First, the [[New Zealand National Party|National]]-led government agreed to ensure all public service departments had their primary name in English except for those specifically related to Māori.<ref name=1news_WakaKotahi>{{cite news|url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/12/04/minister-instructs-waka-kotahi-staff-to-use-english-name-first/|title=Minister instructs Waka Kotahi staff to use English name first|work=[[1News]]|publisher=[[TVNZ]]|date=4 December 2023|access-date=7 May 2024}}</ref><ref name=RNZ>{{cite news|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/504248/waka-kotahi-to-use-its-english-name-first-after-pressure-from-government|title=Waka Kotahi to use its English name first after pressure from government|publisher=[[Radio New Zealand|RNZ]]|date=8 December 2023|access-date=7 May 2024}}</ref>