Editing Lublin (section)

===Jagiellonian Poland===
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| image1 = Lublin, Zamek; wzgórze zamkowe zielenią, drzewostanem, ulicami, alejkami i schodami 01.jpg
| caption1 = [[Neogothic]] façade of [[Lublin Castle]]
| image2 = Lublin Donżon i dziedziniec zamku.jpg
| caption2 = [[Lublin Castle|Castle]] courtyard with a fortified [[keep]]
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In 1392, the city received an important trade privilege from the king [[Władysław II Jagiełło]]. With the coming of peace between Poland and Lithuania, it developed into a trade centre, handling a large portion of commerce between the countries. In 1474, the area around Lublin was carved out of [[Sandomierz Voivodeship]] and combined to form the [[Lublin Voivodeship]], the third voivodeship of Lesser Poland.

During the 15th and 16th centuries, the town grew rapidly. The largest trade fairs of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] were held in Lublin. In the 16th century, the parliaments (''[[Sejm of the Kingdom of Poland|Sejm]]'') of the Kingdom of Poland were held in Lublin several times. On 26 June 1569, one of the most important proclaimed the [[Union of Lublin]], which united Poland and [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania|Lithuania]]. Lublin as one of the most influential cities<ref name="Rozwalka"/> of the state enjoyed voting rights during the [[royal elections in Poland]].

Some of the artists and writers of the 16th century [[Polish renaissance]] lived and worked in Lublin, including [[Sebastian Klonowic]] and [[Jan Kochanowski]], who died in the city in 1584. In 1578, the [[Crown Tribunal]], the highest court of the [[Lesser Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Lesser Poland Province]], was established in Lublin.<ref name="Rozwalka"/>

Since the second half of the 16th century, [[Protestant Reformation]] movements devolved in Lublin, and a large congregation of [[Polish Brethren]] was present in the city. One of Poland's most important Jewish communities was established in Lublin around this time.<ref name="Rozwalka"/> Jews established a widely respected'' yeshiva'', Jewish hospital, synagogue, [[Old Jewish Cemetery, Lublin|cemetery]], and education centre (''kahal'') and built the Grodzka Gate (known as the Jewish Gate) in the historic district. Jews were a vital part of the city's life until the [[Holocaust]], during which they were relocated by [[Nazi Germany]] to the infamous [[Lublin Ghetto]] and ultimately murdered.<ref name="Rozwalka"/>

[[File:Lublin Union 1569.PNG|thumb|''[[Union of Lublin (painting)|Union of Lublin]]'', painting by [[Jan Matejko]] at the [[National Museum, Lublin|National Museum of Lublin]]]]

The yeshiva became a centre of learning of [[Talmud]] and [[Kabbalah]], leading the city to be called "the Jewish [[University of Oxford|Oxford]]".<ref name="Rozwalka"/> In 1567, the ''[[rosh yeshiva]]'' (headmaster) received the title of rector from the king along with rights and privileges equal to those of the heads of Polish universities.

The city declined due to the disastrous [[Deluge (history)|Deluge]], when it was invaded by [[Tsardom of Russia|Russo]]-[[Cossacks|Cossack]] forces in 1655, and [[Swedish Empire|Sweden]] in 1656.