Editing Lord Kitchener (calypsonian) (section)

==Music career==
He moved to [[Port of Spain]], the capital of Trinidad in 1943 where he joined the Roving Brigade. He was spotted singing "Mary I am Tired and Disgusted" (aka "Green Fig") with the group by Johnny Khan, who invited him to perform in his Victory Tent, where he met fellow calypsonian Growling Tiger, who decided Roberts should from that point be known as Lord Kitchener. He became known as an innovator, introducing musical and lyrical changes, including frequent criticism of the British government's control of the island. During [[World War II]] Kitchener became popular with US troops based on the island, leading to performances in New York. After the end of World War II, the [[Trinidad and Tobago Carnival]] took place in early March 1946, during which Kitchener won his very first official Road March title with a catchy calypso leggo called "[[Jump in the Line (Shake, Senora)|Jump In The Line]]".

He toured [[Jamaica]] for six months in 1947–48 with [[Lord Beginner]] ([[Egbert Moore]]) and [[Lord Woodbine]] ([[Lord Woodbine|Harold Phillips]]) before they took passage on the ''[[HMT Empire Windrush|Empire Windrush]]'' to England in 1948.<ref name="Thompson" /> Upon his arrival at [[Tilbury Docks]], Kitchener performed the specially-written song "[[London Is the Place for Me]]", which he sang live on a report for [[Pathé News]].<ref name="Thompson" /><ref name="Spencer">Spencer, Neil (2011), [https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/jun/16/lord-kitchener-empire-windrush "Lord Kitchener steps off the Empire Windrush"], ''The Guardian'', 16 June 2011. Retrieved 2 May 2016.</ref>

Within two years he was a regular performer on [[BBC]] radio, and was much in demand for live performances.<ref name="Thompson" /><ref name="Talevski" /> He found further success in the UK in the 1950s, building a large following in the expatriate communities of the West Indian islands, and having hits with "Kitch", "Food from the West Indies", "Tie Tongue Mopsy", and "Alec Bedser Calypso", while remaining popular in Trinidad and Tobago.<ref name="Thompson" />

His prominence continued throughout the 1950s, when [[calypso music|calypso]] achieved international success. Kitchener became a very important figure to those first 5,000 West Indian migrants to the UK. His music spoke of home and a life that they all longed for but in many cases could not or would not return to.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tntisland.com/kitchfacts.html|title=Kitchener's Winners Row|website=Tntisland.com|accessdate=16 April 2019}}</ref> He immortalised the defining moment for many of the migrants in writing the "[[Cricket poetry|Victory Calypso]]" with its lyrics "Cricket, Lovely Cricket" to celebrate [[West Indies cricket team]]'s first victory over [[England national cricket team|England]] in England, in the Second [[Test cricket|Test]] at [[Lord's]] in June 1950.<ref name="Spencer" /><ref name="Gleaner">"[http://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20160417/lord-kitchener-calypso-ignite-test-cricket Lord Kitchener, Calypso Ignite Test Cricket]", ''[[Jamaica Gleaner]]'', 17 April 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016</ref> This was one of the first widely known West Indian songs, and epitomised an event that historian and cricket enthusiast [[C. L. R. James]] defined as crucial to West Indian post-colonial societies.

Kitchener opened a nightclub in [[Manchester]] and also had a successful residency at The Sunset in London.<ref name="Thompson" /><ref name="Pareles">Pareles, Jon (14 February 2000), [https://www.nytimes.com/2000/02/14/arts/lord-kitchener-77-calypso-songwriter-who-mixed-party-tunes-with-deeper-messages.html "Lord Kitchener, 77, Calypso Songwriter Who Mixed Party Tunes With Deeper Messages"], ''[[The New York Times]]''. Retrieved 2 May 2016.</ref> Further US performances followed in the mid-1950s.<ref name="Thompson" /><ref name="Pareles" /> In the 1950s, he also composed "Bebop Calypso".

In 1962, he returned to Trinidad, where he and the [[Mighty Sparrow]] proceeded to dominate the calypso competitions of the 1960s and 1970s. Lord Kitchener won the road march competition 10 times between 1963 and 1976, more often than any other calypsonian. For 30 years, he ran his own calypso tent, Calypso Revue, within which he nurtured the talent of many calypsonians. [[Calypso Rose]], [[David Rudder]], [[Black Stalin]] and [[Denyse Plummer]] are among the many artists who got their start under Kitchener's tutelage.<ref name="Thompson" /><ref name="Harris">Harris, Craig, "[http://www.allmusic.com/artist/aldwyn-roberts-mn0001746683 Aldwyn Robert Biography]", [[Allmusic]]. Retrieved 2 May 2016.</ref> Later he moved towards [[soca music|soca]], a related style, and continued recording until his death. Kitchener's compositions were enormously popular as the chosen selections for steel bands to perform at the annual National Panorama competition during Trinidad Carnival.<ref name="Thompson" /> He won his only Calypso King title in 1975 with "Tribute to Spree Simon".<ref name="Thompson" /> He stopped competing in 1976.<ref name="Brit">"[http://www.britannica.com/biography/Lord-Kitchener Lord Kitchener]", ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 2 May 2016.</ref>

Kitchener saw the potential of the new [[Soca music|soca]] phenomenon of the late 1970s and adopted the genre on a string of albums over the years that followed.<ref name="Thompson" /> In 1977 he recorded his most commercially successful song, and one of the earliest major soca hits, "Sugar Bum Bum", which became a big hit for the 1978 Trinidad Carnival season.<ref name="Talevski" /><ref>Broughton, Simon; Ellinghan, Mark; McConnachie, James (eds) (2000), ''World Music: The Rough Guide vol. 2 - Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific'', Rough Guides, {{ISBN|978-1858286365}}, p. 512.</ref>

In 1993 a campaign was launched for Kitchener to receive the island's highest civilian honour, the [[Trinity Cross]].<ref name="Thompson" /> The government declined but offered him a lesser honour, which he turned down.<ref name="Thompson" /><ref name="Pareles" />

Having been diagnosed with bone marrow cancer, Kitchener retired in 1999 after delivering a final album, ''Vintage Kitch''.<ref name="Thompson" /><ref name="Talevski" /> He died on 11 February 2000 of a blood infection and kidney failure at the Mount Hope Hospital in [[Port of Spain]].<ref name="Thompson" />  He is buried in the Santa Rosa Cemetery in Arima.

It was always important to Kitchener throughout his career to gain new experiences that could be woven into his material. This led him to performances in [[Curaçao]], [[Aruba]] and Jamaica in the early days, and finally to London, when he was already flying high in Trinidad. Kitchener once said: "I have reached the height of my popularity in Trinidad. What am I doing here? I should make a move."{{citation needed|date=April 2019}}

Kitchener is honoured with a statue in [[Port of Spain]].<ref name="Brit" /> A bust is also on display on Hollis Avenue, Arima, not far from the [[Arima Stadium]].