Editing London Borough of Lambeth (section)

==Geography==
Lambeth is a long, thin borough, about {{convert|3|mi|km|0|abbr=off|spell=on}} wide and {{convert|7|mi|km|0|abbr=off|spell=on}} long.  [[Brixton]] is its civic centre, and there are other town centres. The largest shopping areas are (in order of size) [[Streatham]], [[Brixton]], [[Vauxhall]], [[Clapham]] and [[West Norwood]].

In the northern part of the borough are the [[central London]] districts of the [[South Bank]], [[Vauxhall]] and [[Lambeth]]; in the south are the suburbs of [[Gipsy Hill]], [[Streatham]], [[West Dulwich]] and [[West Norwood]]. In between are the developed and inner-city districts of [[Brixton]], [[Brixton Hill]], [[Streatham Hill]], [[Clapham]], [[Clapham Park]], [[Herne Hill]], [[Stockwell]], [[Tulse Hill]] and [[Kennington]], each at different stages of [[gentrification]] with suburban and urban elements. [[Vauxhall]] and [[South Lambeth]] are central districts in the process of redevelopment with high-density [[commerce|business]] and residential property. [[Streatham]] lies between suburban London and inner-city [[Brixton]], with the suburban and developed areas of [[Streatham]], [[Streatham Hill]] and [[Streatham Vale]].

The [[London Borough of Southwark]] lies to the east of the Borough of Lambeth. To the west is the [[London Borough of Wandsworth]]; to the south-west is the [[London Borough of Merton]]; and to the south is the [[London Borough of Croydon]] and the [[London Borough of Bromley]].

==={{anchor|Parks and green spaces}}Parks and green space===
{{Main|Lambeth parks and open spaces}}
Lambeth's open spaces include [[Brockwell Park]] and [[Brockwell Lido|Lido]], [[Streatham Common]], half of [[Clapham Common]], [[West Norwood Cemetery]], [[Archbishop's Park]], [[Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens]] and [[Ruskin Park|Ruskin]] Larkhall and [[Kennington Park]]s.

==={{anchor|Districts within the Borough of Lambeth}}Landmarks===
Along and around the [[Southbank Centre|South Bank]], a tourist area has developed around the former [[Greater London Council]] headquarters of [[County Hall, London|County Hall]] and the [[Southbank Centre]] and [[Royal National Theatre|National Theatre]]. Also on the river is the [[London Eye]] and [[Shell Centre]]. Nearby is [[St Thomas' Hospital]], [[Lambeth Palace]] and the [[Florence Nightingale Museum]]. Nearby is [[Brixton]], home of [[Lambeth Town Hall]] and the [[Brixton Murals]] and [[MI6 headquarters]].

[[File:London Eye Twilight April 2006.jpg|thumb|alt=Large Ferris wheel at twilight|London Eye]]
[[File:SunlightLaundryLambeth.JPG|thumb|alt=Long white building in winter, with trees in front|Sunlight Laundry]]

Landmark church buildings include:
* [[St Mary's Church, Lambeth|St Mary's, Lambeth]] (now the [[Garden Museum]])
* The four "Waterloo Churches" in the former Lambeth Parish:
** [[St Matthew's Church, Brixton|St Matthew's, Brixton]] 
** [[St Mark's Church, Kennington|St Mark's, Kennington]]
** [[St Luke's Church, West Norwood|St Luke's, West Norwood]]
** [[St John's Church, Waterloo|St John's, Waterloo]]
* [[Holy Trinity Church, Clapham|Holy Trinity, Clapham]]
* [[St Leonard's Church, Streatham|St Leonard's, Streatham]]
* Christ Church, Streatham Hill
* [[Christ Church Brixton Road|Christ Church]] (Church of England), Brixton Road, North Brixton
* [[All Saints' Church, West Dulwich]] (Church of England)
* [[Holy Trinity Church, Tulse Hill|Holy Trinity]], Trinity Rise, Tulse Hill
* [[St John the Divine, Kennington|St John the Divine]] (Church of England), Vassall Road

[[File:Saint John The Divine Kennington.jpg|thumb|alt=Red brick church with tall spire|St John the Divine on Vassall Road]]

[[The Oval]] cricket ground in [[Kennington]] is the home of Surrey County Cricket.

The Basaveshwara statue at the Albert Embankment erected by the former Mayor of Lambeth [[Neeraj Patil]] was unveiled by the [[Prime Minister of India]] on 14 November 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/news_updates/pm-unveils-basaveshwara-statue-inaugurates-dr-ambedkar-memorial-in-london/|title=PM unveils Basaveshwara Statue, inaugurates Dr Ambedkar Memorial in London|date=2014-11-14|website=PMindia|language=en|access-date=2019-11-22}}</ref>

===Geology===
The bedrock of the London Borough of Lambeth is  London Clay Formation, clay and silt formed in the [[Palaeogene]] period between 56 and 47.8 million years ago (mya)<ref name="BGS London clay">{{cite web|url=https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=LC|title=London Clay Formation|website=British Geological Survey|access-date=26 March 2025}}</ref> with one small arc of Lambeth Group clay, silt and sand (at the base of the London Clay Formation) of the same period, leading from the southeast of Brockwell Park and under Croxted Road, formed between 59.2 and 47.8 mya.<ref name="BGS Lambeth Group">{{cite web|url=https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=LMBE|title=Lambeth Group|website=British Geological Survey|access-date=26 March 2025}}</ref><ref name="BGS">{{cite web|url=https://geologyviewer.bgs.ac.uk/|title=Geology Viewr|website=British Geological Survey|access-date=26 March 2025}}</ref>
[[File:DM2025 London Borough of Lambeth bedrock and superficial rock.jpg|thumb|Map showing the bedrock and overlying superficial deposits of the London Borough of Lambeth.]]
There are a number of members of overlying superficial rocks from the [[Quaternary]] period. Close to the Thames, around Waterloo Station for example, the rock is estuarine alluvium made of clay, silt, sand and peat formed from 11.8 thousand years ago (tya) to the present.<ref name="BGS Alluvium">{{cite web|url=
https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=ALV|title=Alluvium|website=British Geological Survey|access-date=26 March 2025}}</ref> South of that is a Kempton Park Gravel member, formed between 116 and 11.8 tya<ref name="BGS Kempton Park">{{cite web|url=https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=KPGR|title=Kempton Park Gravel Member|website=British Geological Survey|access-date=26 March 2025}}</ref> which extends south past Stockwell station approximately to Jeffrey's Road, with small areas of [[Brickearth|Langley Silt]] of the same age in the east and west.<ref name="BGS Langley Silt">{{cite web|url=https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=LASI|title=Langley Silt Member|website=British Geological survey|access-date=26 March 2025}}</ref> In the east, along Herne Hill and Denmark Hill is a Boyn Hill Gravel member, deposited between 423 and 126 tya.<ref name="BGS Boyn Hill">{{cite web|url=https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=BHT|title=Boyn Hill Gravel Member|website=British Geological survey|access-date=26 March 2025}}</ref> Further south are areas of Head (poorly sorted clay, silt, sand and gravel laid up to 2.588 mya associated with slow-moving, waterlogged soil)<ref name="BGS Head">{{cite web|url=https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=HEAD|title=Head|website=British Geological Survey|access-date=26 March 2025}}</ref> e.g. from Clapham North station to Atkins road and Streatham Hill, Lynch Hill Gravel (sand and gravel, 326 to 126 tya)<ref name="BGS Lynch Hill">{{cite web|url=https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=LHGR|title=Lynch Hill Gravel Member|website=British Geological Survey|access-date=26 March 2025}}</ref> under most of Clapham Commom, Hackney Gravel (sand and gravel, 326 to 126 tya)<ref name="BGS Hackney">{{cite web|url=https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=HAGR|title=Hackney Gravel Member|website=British Geological Survey|access-date=26 March 2025}}</ref> west of Clapham North station, [[Black Park#Geology|Black Park Gravel]] (sand and gravel, 480 to 423 tya)<ref name="BGS Black Park">{{cite web|url=https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=BPGR|title=Black Park Gravel Member|website=British Geological Survey|access-date=26 March 2025}}</ref> making up the high parts of Streatham Hill and Knights Hill and Taplow Gravel (sand and gravel, 362 to 126 tya)<ref name="BGS Taplow">{{cite web|url=https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=TPGR|title=Taplow Gravel Member|website=British Geological Survey|access-date=26 March 2025}}</ref> under Brixton, the southern part of Stockwell Road and up to Camberwell New Road. In the very southeast and southwest is more Head, along with Hackney Gravel under Streatham Vale. In the south and southeast around Leigham Court Road, Crown Lane, Central Hill and Westow Hill are unnamed sand and gravel deposits.<ref name="BGS"/> 

Elevations in Lambeth range from 0 metres at the intertidal area of the Thames, 3 to 4 metres in flat, built-on areas at the river bank up to 111 metres in the southeast by the junction of Westow Hill and Crystal Palace Parade.<ref name="BGS"/>