Editing Loglan (section)

==Alphabet and pronunciation==
The alphabet of Loglan has two historical versions. In that of 1975<ref>Brown, James Cooke (1975, 2nd edition). ''Loglan 4 & 5: A Loglan-English/English-Loglan Dictionary''. Gainesville, Florida: The Loglan Institute, Inc.</ref> there were only 21 letters with their corresponding phonemes. In the final version of 1989<ref>Brown, James Cooke (1989, 4th edition). ''Loglan 1: A Logical Language''. Gainesville, Florida: The Loglan Institute, Inc.</ref> five more phonemes had been incorporated: letter H (/[[voiceless glottal fricative|h]]/) was added to the alphabet in 1977 by popular demand; letter Y (/[[mid-central vowel|ə]]/) was added in 1982 to work as a kind of hyphen between the terms of a complex word; letters Q (/[[voiceless dental fricative|θ]]/), W (/[[close front rounded vowel|y]]/) and X (/[[voiceless velar fricative|x]]/) were added in 1986 in order to allow the incorporation of the [[Linnaean taxonomy|Linnaean vocabulary of biology]], and they were useful to give more exact pronunciations to many borrowed names.

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; table-layout:auto"
|- 	 
|+ Loglan alphabet
|-
![[Uppercase letters]]
|[[A]]||[[B]]||[[C]]||[[D]]||[[E]]||[[F]]||[[G]]||[[H]]||[[I]]||[[J]]||[[K]]||[[L]]||[[M]]||[[N]]||[[O]]||[[P]]||[[Q]]||[[R]]||[[S]]||[[T]]||[[U]]||[[V]]||[[W]]||[[X]]||[[Y]]||[[Z]]
|- 	
![[Lowercase letters]]
|a||b||c||d||e||f||g||h||i||j||k||l||m||n||o||p||q||r||s||t||u||v||w||x||y||z
|- 	
![[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] [[phonemes]]
|[[open front unrounded vowel|a]]
||[[voiced bilabial plosive|b]]
||[[voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant|ʃ]]
||[[voiced alveolar plosive|d]]
||[[open-mid front unrounded vowel|ɛ]]
||[[voiceless labiodental fricative|f]]
||[[voiced velar plosive|g]]
||[[voiceless glottal fricative|h]]
||[[close front unrounded vowel|i]] / [[palatal approximant|j]]
||[[voiced postalveolar fricative|ʒ]]
||[[voiceless velar plosive|k]]
||[[alveolar lateral approximant|l]]
||[[bilabial nasal|m]]
||[[alveolar nasal|n]]
||[[close-mid back rounded vowel|o]]
||[[voiceless bilabial plosive|p]]
||[[voiceless dental fricative|θ]]
||[[Alveolar approximant|ɹ]]
||[[voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]]
||[[voiceless alveolar plosive|t]]
||[[close back rounded vowel|u]] / [[voiced labio-velar approximant|w]]
||[[voiced labiodental fricative|v]]
||[[close front rounded vowel|y]]
||[[voiceless velar fricative|x]]
||[[mid-central vowel|ə]]
||[[voiced alveolar fricative|z]]
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Loglan consonant phonemes
|-
! colspan="2" |
! [[Labial consonant|Labial]]
! [[Dental consonant|Dental]]
! [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
! [[Palato-alveolar consonant|Palato-alveolar]]
! [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! [[Velar consonant|Velar]]
! [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Nasal stop|Nasal]]
| M {{IPAslink|m}} ||  || N {{IPAslink|n}} ||  ||  ||  || 
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[Plosive consonant|Plosive]]
! style="font-size: 80%;" | [[Voiceless consonant|voiceless]]
| P {{IPAslink|p}} ||  || T {{IPAslink|t}} ||  ||  || K {{IPAslink|k}} || 
|-
! style="font-size: 80%;" | [[Voiced consonant|voiced]]
| B {{IPAslink|b}} ||  || D {{IPAslink|d}} ||  ||  || G {{IPAslink|ɡ}} || 
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
! style="font-size: 80%;" | [[Voiceless consonant|voiceless]]
| F {{IPAslink|f}} || Q {{IPAslink|θ}} || S {{IPAslink|s}} || C {{IPAslink|ʃ}} ||  || X {{IPAslink|x}} or {{IPAslink|χ}} by some speakers || rowspan="2" | H {{IPAslink|h}}
|-
! style="font-size: 80%;" | [[Voiced consonant|voiced]]
| V {{IPAslink|v}} ||  || Z {{IPAslink|z}} || J {{IPAslink|ʒ}} ||  || 
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
| U {{IPAslink|w}} ||  || L {{IPAslink|l}} ||  || I {{IPAslink|j}} ||  || 
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Rhotic consonant|Rhotic]]
|  ||  || R {{IPAslink|ɹ}} ||  ||  ||  || 
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Loglan vowel phonemes
|-
! colspan="2" |
! [[Front vowel|Front]]
! [[Central vowel|Central]]
! [[Back vowel|Back]]
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[Close vowel|Close]]
! style="font-size: 80%;" | [[Unrounded vowel|unrounded]]
| I {{IPAslink|i}} ||  || 
|-
! style="font-size: 80%;" | [[Rounded vowel|rounded]]
| W {{IPAslink|y}} ||  || U {{IPAslink|u}}
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Mid vowel|Mid]]
| E {{IPAslink|ɛ}} || Y {{IPAslink|ə}} || O {{IPAslink|o}}
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Open vowel|Open]]
| colspan="3" | A {{IPAslink|a}}
|}
*The letters I and U when placed before vowels represent the IPA sounds /[[palatal approximant|j]]/ and /[[voiced labio-velar approximant|w]]/ respectively. For example: '''ie''' /je/ (''"what?"''), '''ue''' /we/ (''"what!"'' as an expression of surprise or interest).