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===January 0=== '''January 0''' is an alternative name for [[December 31]]. January 0 is the day before [[January 1]] in an annual [[ephemeris]]. It keeps the date in the year for which the ephemeris was published, thus avoiding any reference to the previous year, even though it is the same day as [[December 31]] of the previous year. January 0 also occurs in the [[Epoch (astronomy)|epoch]] for the [[Second#Fraction of an ephemeris year|ephemeris second]], "1900 January 0 at 12 hours ephemeris time".<ref name="USNO">{{cite web|title=Leap Seconds |publisher=Time Service Department, [[United States Naval Observatory]] |url=http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/leapsec.html |access-date=December 31, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120228195938/http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/leapsec.html |archive-date=February 28, 2012 }}</ref> 1900 January 0 (at Greenwich Mean Noon) was also the epoch used by [[Newcomb's Tables of the Sun|Newcomb's ''Tables of the Sun'']], which became the epoch for the [[Julian day#Variants|Dublin Julian day]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://textfiles.meulie.net/computers/DOCUMENTATION/astroclk.dc2 |title=Program ASTROCLK: Astronomical Clock and Celestial Tracking Program with Celestial Navigation | first=David H. Jr. | last=Ransom |date=November 19, 1989 |page=110}}</ref>
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