Editing Leviathan (section)

== Tanakh ==
Leviathan specifically is mentioned six times in the [[Tanakh]].<ref>{{multiref|{{Bibleverse|Job|3:8|HE}}|{{Bibleverse|Job|40:25–41:26|HE}}|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|74:14|HE}}|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|104:26|HE}}|Twice in {{Bibleverse|Isaiah|27:1|HE}}}}</ref>

{{Bibleverse|Job|41:1–34|HE}} is dedicated to describing it in detail: "Behold, the hope of him is in vain; shall not one be cast down even at the sight of him?"<ref>Jewish Publication Society translation (1917).</ref> Included in God's lengthy description of his indomitable creation is Leviathan's [[fire-breathing monster|fire-breathing ability]], his impenetrable scales, and his overall indomitability in {{Bibleverse|Job|41|HE}}.In {{Bibleverse|Psalm|104|HE}}, God is praised for having made all things, including Leviathan, and in {{Bibleverse|Isaiah|27:1|HE}}, he is called the "tortuous serpent" who will be killed at the end of time.<ref name="DDD">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yCkRz5pfxz0C&q=Leviathan |editor-last=van der Toorn|editor-first=K.|editor-last2=Becking|editor-first2=Bob|editor-last3=van der Horst|editor-first3=Pieter Willem|title=Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible |pages=512–14 |publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing |year=1999 |isbn=9780802824912|access-date=13 July 2012}}</ref>

The mention of the Tannins in the [[Genesis creation narrative]]<ref>{{bibleref|Gen.|1:21|HE}}.</ref> (translated as "great whales" in the [[King James Version]]),<ref>{{bibleref|Gen.|1:21|KJV}} ([[King James Version|KJV]]).</ref> in Job, and in the [[Book of Psalms|Psalm]]<ref>{{bibleref|Ps.|104|HE}}.</ref> do not describe them as harmful but as ocean creatures who are part of God's creation. The element of competition between God and the sea monster and the use of Leviathan to describe the powerful enemies of Israel<ref>For example, in {{Bibleverse|Isaiah|27:1|HE}}.</ref> may reflect the influence of the Mesopotamian and Canaanite legends or the contest in [[Egyptian mythology]] between the [[Apep]] snake and the [[sun god]] [[Ra]]. Alternatively, the removal of such competition may have reflected an attempt to naturalize Leviathan in a process that demoted it from deity to demon to monster.<ref>Hermann Gunkel, Heinrich Zimmern; K. William Whitney Jr., trans., ''Creation And Chaos in the Primeval Era And the Eschaton: A Religio-historical Study of Genesis 1 and Revelation 12''. (Grand Rapids: MI: Eerdmans, 1895, 1921, 2006). p. 37-38.</ref><ref name=watson>Watson, R.S. (2005). ''Chaos Uncreated: A Reassessment of the Theme of "chaos" in the Hebrew Bible''. Walter de Gruyter. {{ISBN|3110179938}}, {{ISBN|9783110179934}}</ref>{{Page needed|date=August 2018}}