Editing Kosmos 27 (section)

== Spacecraft ==

Kosmos 27 was a "third-generation" deep space planetary probes of the 3MV series of the Soviet Union. The Soviet engineers planned four types of the 3MV, the 3MV-1 (for Venus impact), 3MV-2 (for Venus flyby), 3MV-3 (for Mars impact), and 3MV-4 (for Mars flyby). The primary difference over the second-generation was vastly improved (and in many cases doubled) orientation system elements as well as improved onboard propulsion systems. While these four versions were meant to study Mars and Venus.<ref name=siddiqi>{{cite book|url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/beyond-earth-tagged.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424211923/https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/beyond-earth-tagged.pdf |archive-date=2019-04-24 |url-status=live |title=Beyond Earth: A Chronicle of Deep Space Exploration, 1958–2016|page=58|last1=Siddiqi|first1=Asif A.|lccn=2017059404|isbn=9781626830424|publisher=NASA History Program Office|edition=second|year=2018 |id=SP2018-4041|series=The NASA history series|location=Washington, D.C.}}</ref>