Editing Kensington, California (section)

==History==
[[File:Don_Víctor_Castro.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Don [[Víctor Castro (landowner)|Víctor Castro]], a [[Californio]] ranchero and politician, owned the area where Kensington was founded, as part of his [[Rancho San Pablo]].]]

The area that is now Kensington was originally the territory of the Huchiun band of the [[Ohlone]] Indigenous people who occupied much of the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area. The [[Pedro Fages]] mapping expedition passed through the area in 1772.

In 1823, the Republic of Mexico granted [[Rancho San Pablo]], an extent of land lying north of Cerrito Creek and the [[Rancho San Antonio (Peralta)|Rancho San Antonio]], including that portion of land that is now Kensington, to Francisco María Castro, a veteran of the Mexican Army and former ''alcalde'' of San José. In 1831 his youngest son, [[Víctor Castro (landowner)|Victor Castro]], inherited the southern portion of the rancho, including what is now Kensington.

In 1892, Anson Blake purchased a portion of Castro's land, most of which is now Kensington.

[[George Shima]] bought ten acres north of Cerrito Creek and east of the present day Arlington Avenue in about 1911, intending to build a home there. He hosted an annual community picnic on the property for some time.

Land development companies had bought most of the Kensington area by 1911, when it was first surveyed. The area was named "Kensington" that year by Robert Brousefield, a surveyor who had lived in the [[London]] district of [[South Kensington]] in the [[Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea]] at one time. The first subdivisions were Kensington Park and Berkeley Park west of Arlington Avenue, with most streets named for locations in England, and Berkeley Highlands, with most streets named for colleges and universities.

Farmers in Kensington resisted inclusion in the city of El Cerrito when it was incorporated in 1917, and local voters have rejected incorporation various times since then.

In the 1920s, the [[East Bay Municipal Utility District]] (EBMUD) constructed an aqueduct through the [[Berkeley Hills]] to transport water from the [[San Pablo Reservoir]] to a still-active pumping facility in Kensington, located just above the Colusa Circle. Some of the water received by this facility is pumped up the hill to the Summit Reservoir located at the top of Spruce Street. The rest is pumped to other reservoirs serving the East Bay.

The population of Kensington was 226 in 1920, 1,423 in 1930, 3,355 in 1940, and reached a peak of 6,601 in 1950.

During World War II,  [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]] lived at 10 Kenilworth Court where he held meetings of the American Communist Party, while simultaneously working on top secret atomic bomb work, and denying any involvement with such political groups. The house is often mistakenly described as being in Berkeley. Later in his life, Oppenheimer lived at 1 Eagle Hill, also in Kensington.<ref>Kevin Starr, Embattled Dreams: California in War and Peace 1940–1950, p317.</ref>

[[File:Ardmore Path, Kensington, California 2.jpg|thumb|right|Entrance to Ardmore Path]]

Until 1948, streetcar line #7 of the [[Key System]] ran to Kensington from Berkeley along Arlington Avenue, terminating in the small commercial area at Amherst Avenue. The streetcar was then replaced by an [[AC Transit]] bus route of the same number, which continues to run along Arlington Avenue. The streetcar service played an important role in the development of Kensington, and was fed by a network of mid-block pedestrian paths, most of which persist to this day. The pathways, which traverse Kensington, were offered for dedication for public use to the County of Contra Costa at the time the various subdivision maps were recorded. The County never accepted the offer of dedication, and accordingly, the ownership of the pathways has been in a state of uncertainty. Some of the pathways are used by the public regularly, and some have fallen into disuse, are overgrown with foliage, or have been absorbed into neighboring properties.

[[File:Commercial district at Arlington & Amherst.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Stein's pharmacy at Amherst and Arlington]]

The late local historian [[Louis Lorenz Stein|Louis Stein Jr.]] lived and worked in Kensington, maintaining a pharmacy on the corner of Amherst and Arlington Avenue. For many years, he kept one of the East Bay's oldest [[horsecar]]s in his yard—one that had probably seen service between [[Temescal, Oakland]] and the [[University of California, Berkeley|University of California]] in Berkeley. The horsecar is now at the [[Western Railway Museum]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Contra Costa County Historical Society|url=http://www.cocohistory.com/|access-date=2011-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070729224509/http://cocohistory.com/|archive-date=2007-07-29|url-status=dead}}</ref>