Editing Karlheinz Stockhausen (section)

===Childhood===
Stockhausen was born in [[Mödrath#Alt-Mödrath (Old Mödrath)|Burg Mödrath]], the "castle" of the village of Mödrath. The village, located near [[Kerpen]] in the [[Cologne]] region, was displaced in 1956 to make way for [[lignite]] strip mining, but the castle itself still stands. Despite its name, the building is more a manor house than a castle. Built in 1830 by a local businessman named Arend, it was called by locals ''Burg Mödrath''. From 1925 to 1932 it was the maternity home of the [[Rhein-Erft-Kreis|Bergheim district]], and after the war it served for a time as a shelter for war refugees. In 1950, the owners, the Düsseldorf chapter of the [[Sovereign Military Order of Malta|Knights of Malta]], turned it into an orphanage, but it was subsequently returned to private ownership and became a private residence again.{{sfn|Anon.|n.d.}}{{sfn|Anon.|1950}} In 2017, an anonymous patron purchased the house and opened it in April 2017 as an exhibition space for modern art, with the first floor to be used as the permanent home of the museum of the [[Studio for Electronic Music (WDR)|WDR Electronic Music Studio]], where Stockhausen had worked from 1953 until shortly before WDR closed the studio in 2000.{{sfn|Bos|2017}}

His father, Simon Stockhausen, was a [[schoolteacher]], and his mother Gertrud (née Stupp) was the daughter of a prosperous family of farmers in Neurath in the [[Cologne Bight]]. A daughter, Katherina, was born the year after Karlheinz, and a second son, Hermann-Josef ("Hermännchen") followed in 1932. Gertrud played the piano and accompanied her own singing but, after three pregnancies in as many years, experienced a mental breakdown and was [[Psychiatric hospital|institutionalized]] in December 1932, followed a few months later by the death of her younger son, Hermann.{{sfn|Kurtz|1992|loc=8, 11, 13}}

[[File:Altenberger Dom 1925.jpg|thumb|[[Altenberger Dom]], c.&nbsp;1925, where Stockhausen had his first music lessons]]
From the age of seven, Stockhausen lived in [[Altenberg (Bergisches Land)|Altenberg]], where he received his first piano lessons from the Protestant [[organist]] of the [[Altenberger Dom]], Franz-Josef Kloth.{{sfn|Kurtz|1992|loc=14}} In 1938, his father remarried. His new wife, Luzia, had been the family's housekeeper. The couple had two daughters.{{sfn|Kurtz|1992|loc=18}} Because his relationship with his new stepmother was less than happy, in January 1942 Karlheinz became a boarder at the teachers' training college in [[Xanten]], where he continued his piano training and also studied oboe and violin.{{sfn|Kurtz|1992|loc=18}} In 1941, he learned that his mother had died, ostensibly from leukemia, although everyone at the same hospital had supposedly died of the same disease. It was generally understood that she had been a victim of the Nazi policy of killing "[[Action T4#Killing of adults|useless eaters]]".{{sfn|Stockhausen|1989a|loc=20–21}}{{sfn|Kurtz|1992|loc=19}} The official letter to the family falsely claimed she had died 16 June 1941, but recent research by Lisa Quernes, a student at the Landesmusikgymnasium in [[Montabaur]], has determined that she was murdered in the gas chamber, along with 89 other people, at the [[Hadamar Killing Facility]] in Hesse-Nassau on 27 May 1941.{{sfn|Anon.|2014}} Stockhausen dramatized his mother's death in hospital by lethal injection, in Act 1 scene 2 ("[[Donnerstag aus Licht#Scene 2: Mondeva|Mondeva]]") of the opera ''[[Donnerstag aus Licht]]''.{{sfn|Kurtz|1992|loc=213}}

In late 1944, Stockhausen was conscripted to serve as a stretcher bearer in [[Bedburg]].{{sfn|Kurtz|1992|loc=18}} In February 1945, he met his father for the last time in Altenberg. Simon, who was on leave from the front, told his son, "I'm not coming back. Look after things." By the end of the war, his father was regarded as missing in action, and may have been killed in Hungary.{{sfn|Kurtz|1992|loc=19}} A comrade later reported to Karlheinz that he saw his father wounded in action.{{sfn|Maconie|2005|loc=19}} Fifty-five years after the fact, a journalist writing for ''[[The Guardian]]'' stated that Simon Stockhausen was killed in Hungary in 1945.{{sfn|O'Mahony|2001}}<!--O'Mahony almost certainly relied on Kurtz, but simplified his account and removed the uncertainties, as journalists are prone to do. Still, O'Mahony does not cite his sources, so maybe he knew things that no-one, including Stockhausen himself, knew. A pity he offered no evidence.-->