Editing Kalkaska, Michigan (section)

== Geography ==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the village has a total area of {{convert|2029|acre|ha|0}}, of which {{convert|32|acre|ha|0}} are covered by water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=November 25, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=July 2, 2012 }}</ref>

The North Branch of the [[Boardman River]] flows through the south of the village. The river continues west into neighboring [[Grand Traverse County, Michigan|Grand Traverse County]], turns north, and empties into [[Grand Traverse Bay]], a bay of [[Lake Michigan]]. Just to the north of the village, though, are the headwaters of the [[Little Rapid River (Michigan)|Little Rapid River]]. This stream also flows into the Grand Traverse Bay, although it is part of the [[Elk River Chain of Lakes Watershed|Chain of Lakes watershed]].

The primary constructors of Kalkaska's geographical make-up are ancient glaciers, along with most of Michigan. Glaciers scoured the surface of the state during the [[Last Glacial Period|Ice Age]], creating small hills called [[drumlins]], along with valleys and basins and the water that currently occupies them in the process called glaciation.

Kalkaska experiences a notable amount of snowfall, as it is located in a snowbelt that receives heavy amounts of lake-effect snow from Lake Michigan.

===Climate===
This [[climate|climatic]] region has large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters.  According to the [[Köppen climate classification]], Kalkaska has a [[humid continental climate]], ''Dfb'' on climate maps.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=752402&cityname=Kalkaska%2C+Michigan%2C+United+States+of+America&units= Climate Summary for Kalkaska, Michigan]</ref>
{{Weather box
|location = Kalkaska, Michigan, 1991–2020 normals, 1974-2020 extremes: 1035ft (315m)
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high F = 58
|Feb record high F = 62
|Mar record high F = 85
|Apr record high F = 86
|May record high F = 89
|Jun record high F = 94
|Jul record high F = 97
|Aug record high F = 96
|Sep record high F = 92
|Oct record high F = 85
|Nov record high F = 75
|Dec record high F = 63
|year record high F =

|Jan avg record high F = 44.4
|Feb avg record high F = 47.5
|Mar avg record high F = 60.3
|Apr avg record high F = 74.2
|May avg record high F = 84.0
|Jun avg record high F = 89.2
|Jul avg record high F = 89.8
|Aug avg record high F = 88.2
|Sep avg record high F = 84.8
|Oct avg record high F = 76.3
|Nov avg record high F = 61.3
|Dec avg record high F = 48.6
|year avg record high F = 91.8

|Jan high F = 25.5
|Feb high F = 28.0
|Mar high F = 38.3
|Apr high F = 51.3
|May high F = 65.1
|Jun high F = 74.8
|Jul high F = 78.8
|Aug high F = 77.0
|Sep high F = 69.6
|Oct high F = 55.9
|Nov high F = 42.0
|Dec high F = 31.1
|year high F =

|Jan mean F = 18.0
|Feb mean F = 18.8
|Mar mean F = 27.4
|Apr mean F = 40.2
|May mean F = 53.2
|Jun mean F = 63.1
|Jul mean F = 66.9
|Aug mean F = 65.3
|Sep mean F = 58.0
|Oct mean F = 46.2
|Nov mean F = 34.6
|Dec mean F = 24.7
|year mean F =

|Jan low F = 10.6
|Feb low F = 9.5
|Mar low F = 16.4
|Apr low F = 29.1
|May low F = 41.2
|Jun low F = 51.3
|Jul low F = 55.0
|Aug low F = 53.6
|Sep low F = 46.4
|Oct low F = 36.5
|Nov low F = 27.3
|Dec low F = 18.4
|year low F =

|Jan avg record low F = -12.0
|Feb avg record low F = -12.0
|Mar avg record low F = -8.3
|Apr avg record low F = 13.6
|May avg record low F = 26.3
|Jun avg record low F = 34.8
|Jul avg record low F = 41.2
|Aug avg record low F = 40.5
|Sep avg record low F = 32.1
|Oct avg record low F = 24.2
|Nov avg record low F = 11.9
|Dec avg record low F = -0.8
|year avg record low F = -17.4

|Jan record low F = -32
|Feb record low F = -34
|Mar record low F = -29
|Apr record low F = -4
|May record low F = 19
|Jun record low F = 29
|Jul record low F = 33
|Aug record low F = 32
|Sep record low F = 23
|Oct record low F = 19
|Nov record low F = -2
|Dec record low F = -18
|year record low F =

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 2.00
|Feb precipitation inch = 1.50
|Mar precipitation inch = 1.71
|Apr precipitation inch = 2.91
|May precipitation inch = 3.28
|Jun precipitation inch = 3.28
|Jul precipitation inch = 3.09
|Aug precipitation inch = 2.98
|Sep precipitation inch = 3.68
|Oct precipitation inch = 4.15
|Nov precipitation inch = 2.93
|Dec precipitation inch = 2.16
|year precipitation inch =

|Jan snow inch = 38.30
|Feb snow inch = 24.80
|Mar snow inch = 13.70
|Apr snow inch = 6.80
|May snow inch = 0.70
|Jun snow inch = 0.00
|Jul snow inch = 0.00
|Aug snow inch = 0.00
|Sep snow inch = 0.00
|Oct snow inch = 1.00
|Nov snow inch = 17.10
|Dec snow inch = 29.70
|year snow inch =

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 17.0
|Feb precipitation days = 12.2
|Mar precipitation days = 10.4
|Apr precipitation days = 11.3
|May precipitation days = 11.7
|Jun precipitation days = 9.8
|Jul precipitation days = 9.9
|Aug precipitation days = 9.8
|Sep precipitation days = 11.0
|Oct precipitation days = 14.7
|Nov precipitation days = 14.9
|Dec precipitation days = 15.7

|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 14.3
|Feb snow days = 10.7
|Mar snow days = 6.2
|Apr snow days = 2.8
|May snow days = 0.3
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.7
|Nov snow days = 6.4
|Dec snow days = 12.2

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA1>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00204257&format=pdf
|title = Kalkaska, Michigan 1991-2020 Monthly Normals 
|access-date = January 24, 2024
}}
</ref>
|source 2 = XMACIS2 (records & monthly max/min)<ref name = XMACIS2>
{{cite web
|url = https://xmacis.rcc-acis.org/
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = xmACIS
|access-date = January 24, 2024
}}
</ref>
}}