Editing Judeo-Christian (section)

==Inter-group relations==
{{Further|Covenant (biblical)#Abrahamic covenant|Jerusalem in Christianity}}

===In the United States===
The rise of [[antisemitism]] in the 1930s led concerned Protestants, Catholics, and Jews to take steps to increase mutual understanding and lessen the level of [[antisemitism in the United States]].{{sfn|Sarna|2004|p=266}} In this effort, precursors of the [[National Conference of Christians and Jews]] created teams consisting of a priest, a rabbi, and a minister, to run programs across the country, and fashion a more pluralistic America, no longer defined as a Christian land, but "one nurtured by three ennobling traditions: [[Protestantism]], [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]] and [[Judaism]]....The phrase 'Judeo-Christian' entered the contemporary lexicon as the standard liberal term for the idea that Western values rest on a religious consensus that included Jews."{{sfn|Sarna|2004|p=267}}

In the aftermath of World War II and the [[Holocaust]], "there was a revolution in Christian theology in America. […] The greatest shift in Christian attitudes towards the Jewish people since [[Constantine I and Christianity|Constantine converted the Roman Empire]]."<ref>Brog, David. Standing With Israel. 2006.p.13</ref> The rise of [[Christian Zionism]], religiously motivated Christian interest, and support for the state of [[Israel]] increased interest in Judaism among [[Evangelicalism in the United States|American evangelicals]]. This interest is especially focused on areas of commonality between the teachings of Judaism and their own beliefs. 

During the late 1940s, evangelical proponents of the new Judeo-Christian approach lobbied Washington for diplomatic support of the new state of Israel. From the 1990s, continuing through the first two decades of the 21st century, interest in and a positive attitude towards America's Judeo-Christian tradition has become mainstream among [[evangelicalism|evangelicals]] and (to some extent) the political conservative movement in the United States.<ref>{{cite book |last=Merkley |first=Paul Charles |title=Christian Attitudes Towards the State of Israel |publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press |year=2007 }}</ref>

American Christians, particularly those aligned with the Christian Right, have historically extended strong support to the State of Israel. This support is rooted in conservative Protestant theology, which views Jews as God's chosen people with a special biblical status and role. However, this perspective is paradoxical, as it also considers Jews in need of conversion to Christianity for salvation. Beyond theological reasons, liberal Christian and secular organizations have also played significant roles in advocating for Jewish migration to Palestine and the establishment of Israel, often citing humanitarian concerns. This multifaceted support has influenced U.S. foreign policy towards Israel, reflecting the complex interplay between religious beliefs and political activism within the American Christian community.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Salleh |first1=Mohd Afandi |last2=Abu-Hussin |first2=Mohd Fauzi |title=The American Christians and the State of Israel |journal=Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies |volume=12 |issue=34 |pages=152–172 |date=Spring 2013 |issn=1583-0039 |publisher=SACRI |language=en}}</ref>

In contrast, by the 1970s, [[mainline Protestant]] denominations and the [[National Council of Churches]] were more supportive of Palestinians than Israel.<ref>{{cite book |last=Carenen |first=Caitlyn |title=The Fervent Embrace: Liberal Protestants, Evangelicals, and Israel |publisher=NYU Press |year=2012 |isbn=9780814741047 |language=en }}</ref> [[Natan Sharansky]] observed in 2019 that, for the first time, he was encountering the situation of nations with ample governmental support for Israel but disinterest and even overt hostility by the Jewish populace.

The scriptural basis for this new positive attitude towards Jews among evangelicals is found in [[Book of Genesis|Genesis]] 12:3, in which God promises that he will bless those who bless [[Abraham]], and curse those who curse them. In the evangelical interpretation this promise includes the descendants of Abraham. Other factors in the new [[philo-Semitism]] include gratitude to the Jews for contributing to the theological foundations of Christianity and being the source of the prophets and [[Jesus in Christianity|Jesus]]; remorse for the [[Antisemitism in Christianity|Church's history of antisemitism]]; and fear that God will judge the nations at the end of time based on how they treated the Jewish people.{{citation needed|date=June 2019}} Moreover, for many evangelicals Israel is seen as the instrument through which prophecies of the [[Eschatology|end times]] are fulfilled.<ref>Evangelicals and Israel: The Story of Christian Zionism by Stephen Spector, 2008</ref>

The use of the term "Judeo-Christian" in 21st century discourse has been criticized for equating two different faiths and being a vector for [[Islamophobia]] by exclusion.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://newrepublic.com/article/155735/rights-judeo-christian-fixation |title=The Right's "Judeo-Christian" Fixation |author=Udi Greenberg |date=November 14, 2019 |publisher=The New Republic |access-date=July 10, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://religiondispatches.org/what-do-we-mean-by-judeo-christian/ |title=What Do We Mean by 'Judeo-Christian'? |last=Goldman |first=Shalom |date=February 15, 2011 |publisher=Religious Dispatches.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://theconversation.com/the-term-judeo-christian-has-been-misused-for-political-ends-a-new-abrahamic-identity-offers-an-alternative-125523 |title=The term 'Judeo-Christian' has been misused for political ends – a new 'Abrahamic' identity offers an alternative |author=Toby Greene |date=December 24, 2020 |publisher=The Conversation}}</ref>

===In Europe===
{{Main|philosemitism}}