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==Climate== The archipelago is very diverse in climate taking into account its size, this is due to factors such as its topography which causes the temperature and precipitation regime to change depending on the area of an island. In the Archipelago according to [[Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha's climate classification]] the windward slopes have a [[Subtropics|subtropical climate]], while areas such as the eastern tip of Robinson Crusoe Island have a [[Semi-arid climate]] and the western and leeward areas have a [[Mediterranean climate]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cereceda |first=Pilar |last2=Castro |first2=Consuelo |date=1996 |title=Comportamiento de las precipitaciones en cinco sectores de la isla Robinson Crusoe |url=https://bibliotecadigital.infor.cl/handle/20.500.12220/12491}}</ref> The weather is moderated by the cold [[Humboldt Current]], which flows northward to the east of the islands, and the [[South Equatorial Current|southeast trade winds]]. Temperatures range from {{convert|10|C|F|0}} to {{convert|22|C|F|0}}, with an annual mean of {{convert|15.4|C|F|0}}. Higher elevations are generally cooler, with occasional frosts on Robinson Crusoe. Average annual precipitation is {{convert|1081|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}, varying from {{convert|318|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} to {{convert|1698|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} year to year. Much of the variability in rainfall depends on the [[El Niño|El Niño-Southern Oscillation]]. Rainfall is higher in the winter months, and varies with elevation and exposure; elevations above {{convert|500|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} experience almost daily rainfall, while the western, [[leeward]] side of Robinson Crusoe and Santa Clara are quite dry. {{Weather box |width = auto |location = Juan Fernández Islands (1991-2020, extremes 1958-present) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 28.8 |Feb record high C = 27.8 |Mar record high C = 27.0 |Apr record high C = 26.0 |May record high C = 24.9 |Jun record high C = 22.2 |Jul record high C = 22.6 |Aug record high C = 24.4 |Sep record high C = 21.8 |Oct record high C = 23.5 |Nov record high C = 25.2 |Dec record high C = 26.9 |year record high C = 28.8 |Jan high C = 21.4 |Feb high C = 21.5 |Mar high C = 21.2 |Apr high C = 19.3 |May high C = 17.8 |Jun high C = 16.2 |Jul high C = 15.0 |Aug high C = 14.8 |Sep high C = 15.1 |Oct high C = 16.1 |Nov high C = 17.8 |Dec high C = 19.8 |year high C = 18.0 |Jan mean C = 18.8 |Feb mean C = 19.0 |Mar mean C = 18.6 |Apr mean C = 16.9 |May mean C = 15.4 |Jun mean C = 13.9 |Jul mean C = 12.8 |Aug mean C = 12.5 |Sep mean C = 12.7 |Oct mean C = 13.6 |Nov mean C = 15.2 |Dec mean C = 17.1 |year mean C = 15.5 |Jan low C = 16.2 |Feb low C = 16.5 |Mar low C = 16.0 |Apr low C = 14.4 |May low C = 13.1 |Jun low C = 11.7 |Jul low C = 10.6 |Aug low C = 10.2 |Sep low C = 10.3 |Oct low C = 11.1 |Nov low C = 12.6 |Dec low C = 14.5 |year low C = 13.1 |Jan record low C = 11.4 |Feb record low C = 4.2 |Mar record low C = 9.0 |Apr record low C = 8.2 |May record low C = 6.3 |Jun record low C = 4.8 |Jul record low C = 5.0 |Aug record low C = 3.0 |Sep record low C = 5.0 |Oct record low C = 6.2 |Nov record low C = 7.3 |Dec record low C = 9.2 |year record low C = 3.0 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 29.0 |Feb precipitation mm = 33.4 |Mar precipitation mm = 55.1 |Apr precipitation mm = 83.5 |May precipitation mm = 150.5 |Jun precipitation mm = 184.4 |Jul precipitation mm = 130.5 |Aug precipitation mm = 114.3 |Sep precipitation mm = 80.2 |Oct precipitation mm = 49.9 |Nov precipitation mm = 35.7 |Dec precipitation mm = 24.8 |year precipitation mm = 971.3 |Jan humidity = 73 |Feb humidity = 73 |Mar humidity = 73 |Apr humidity = 77 |May humidity = 78 |Jun humidity = 78 |Jul humidity = 79 |Aug humidity = 77 |Sep humidity = 77 |Oct humidity = 76 |Nov humidity = 74 |Dec humidity = 73 |year humidity = 76 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 5.8 |Feb precipitation days = 6.8 |Mar precipitation days = 8.5 |Apr precipitation days = 10.9 |May precipitation days = 14.4 |Jun precipitation days = 16.5 |Jul precipitation days = 15.5 |Aug precipitation days = 13.3 |Sep precipitation days = 11.1 |Oct precipitation days = 8.4 |Nov precipitation days = 6.1 |Dec precipitation days = 5.3 |year precipitation days = 122.6 |Jan sun = 206.7 |Feb sun = 178.9 |Mar sun = 170.4 |Apr sun = 126.9 |May sun = 103.0 |Jun sun = 85.1 |Jul sun = 98.5 |Aug sun = 123.4 |Sep sun = 139.0 |Oct sun = 171.6 |Nov sun = 178.4 |Dec sun = 195.7 |year sun = 1777.6 |source 1 = Dirección Meteorológica de Chile (humidity 1931–1960)<ref name=climatenormals>{{cite web | url = https://climatologia.meteochile.gob.cl/application/historico/datosNormales/330031 | title = Datos Normales y Promedios Históricos Promedios de 30 años o menos | publisher = Dirección Meteorológica de Chile | language = es | access-date = 23 May 2023 | archive-date = 23 May 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230523163759/https://climatologia.meteochile.gob.cl/application/historico/datosNormales/330031 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name=records>{{cite web | url = https://climatologia.meteochile.gob.cl/application/historico/temperaturaHistoricaAnual/330031 | title = Temperatura Histórica de la Estación Juan Fernández, Estación Meteorológica. (330031) | access-date = 23 May 2023 | publisher = Dirección Meteorológica de Chile | language = es | archive-date = 23 May 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230523164119/https://climatologia.meteochile.gob.cl/application/historico/temperaturaHistoricaAnual/330031 | url-status = live }}</ref> |source 2 = [[NOAA]] (precipitation days 1991-2020)<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/4.4/data/0-data/Region-3-WMO-Normals-9120/Chile/CSV/Juanfernandezestacionmeteorologica_85585.csv | title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 | publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] | accessdate = March 30, 2023 }}</ref> }}
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