Editing Jewish principles of faith (section)

===Monotheism===
{{see also|Divine simplicity}}
Judaism is based on a strict [[monotheism]] and a belief in one single, indivisible, non-compound [[God in Judaism|God]]. This is illustrated in what is considered the closest to a statement of belief that Judaism has: [[the Shema]], which encapsulates the fundamentally monotheistic theology of Judaism:<ref name="LouisJacobs">[[Louis Jacobs]], "Chapter 2: The Unity of God" in ''A Jewish Theology'' (1973). Behrman House.</ref> "Hear, O Israel: The {{Lord}} is our God; the {{Lord}} is one."<ref>{{Bibleverse|Deut|6:4–9|HE}}</ref>

"Judaism emphatically rejects any concept of plurality with respect to God," according to [[Aryeh Kaplan]],<ref>[[Aryeh Kaplan]], ''The Handbook of Jewish Thought'' (1979). Maznaim: p. 9.</ref> explicitly rejecting [[polytheism]], [[Dualistic cosmology|dualism]], and [[trinitarianism]], which are "incompatible with monotheism as Judaism understands it."<ref name="LouisJacobs" /> The unity of God is noted many times in Jewish tradition, including as the second of the Maimonidean principles of faith: "This God is One, not two or more than two, but One whose unity is different from all other unities that there are. He is not one as a genus, which contains many species, is one. Nor is He one as a body, containing parts and dimensions, is one. But His is a unity that which there is no other anywhere" (''Yad'', ''Yesode Ha-Torah'' 1:7).<ref name="LouisJacobs" />

In Jewish tradition, dualistic and trinitarian conceptions of God are generally referred to as ''[[shituf]]'' ("partnership"), which, though incorrect, is not synonymous with idolatry.<ref>''Jewish Theology and Process Thought'' (eds. Sandra B. Lubarsky & David Ray Griffin). SUNY Press, 1996.</ref>