Editing Jessica Tandy (section)

==Career==

[[File:Jessica Tandy with Kim Hunter and Marlon Brando. cph.3b23243.jpg|thumb|left|Tandy (left, with [[Kim Hunter]] and [[Marlon Brando]]) portrayed [[Blanche DuBois|Blanche]] in the original 1947 Broadway production of ''[[A Streetcar Named Desire]]'', a role that earned her the 1948 [[Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play|Tony Award for Best Actress]].]]
Tandy was 18 years old when she made her professional debut on the London stage in 1927. During the 1930s, she acted in many plays in London's [[West End theatre|West End]], playing [[Ophelia]] (opposite [[John Gielgud]]'s legendary [[Hamlet]]) and [[Catherine of Valois|Katherine]] (opposite [[Laurence Olivier]]'s [[Henry V (play)|Henry V]]).<ref name="NYTimes">{{cite news |last=Berger |first=Marilyn |author-link=Marilyn Berger |date=12 September 1994 |title=Jessica Tandy, a Patrician Star Of Theater and Film, Dies at 85 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/09/12/obituaries/jessica-tandy-a-patrician-star-of-theater-and-film-dies-at-85.html?searchResultPosition=3&login=email&auth=login-email&login=facebook&auth=login-facebook |url-access=subscription |access-date=14 April 2024 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>

She entered films in Britain, but after her marriage to [[Jack Hawkins]] failed, she moved to the United States hoping to find better roles. During her time as a leading actress on the stage in London, she often had to fight over roles with her two rivals, [[Peggy Ashcroft]] and [[Celia Johnson]].<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/26/garden/at-home-with-hume-cronyn-and-jessica-tandy-the-driven-mr-and-mrs-daisy.html| title=At Home with Cronyn and Tandy| newspaper=The New York Times| date=May 26, 1994| access-date=12 September 2016| url-access=subscription}}</ref> In the following years, she played supporting roles in several Hollywood films. 

Like many stage actors, Tandy also worked in radio. Among other programs, she was a regular on ''Mandrake the Magician''<ref>{{cite book| last=Cronyn| first=Hume| title=Terrible Liar: A Memoir| year=1991| publisher=William Morrow| location=New York| isbn=978-0-6881-2844-9| page=[https://archive.org/details/terribleliar00hume/page/159 159]| url=https://archive.org/details/terribleliar00hume/page/159}}</ref> (as Princess Narda), and then with her second husband Hume Cronyn in ''The Marriage''{{sfn|Cronyn|1991|pages=[https://archive.org/details/terribleliar00hume/page/253 253–54]}} which ran on radio from 1953 to 1954, and then segued onto television. 

She made her American film debut in ''[[The Seventh Cross (film)|The Seventh Cross]]'' (1944; appearing alongside Cronyn). She had supporting appearances in ''[[The Valley of Decision]]'' (1945), ''[[The Green Years (film)|The Green Years]]'' (1946, as Cronyn's daughter), ''[[Dragonwyck (film)|Dragonwyck]]'' (1946) starring [[Gene Tierney]] and [[Vincent Price]] and ''[[Forever Amber (film)|Forever Amber]]'' (1947). She appeared as the insomniac murderess in ''[[A Woman's Vengeance]]'' (1948), a [[film noir]] adapted by [[Aldous Huxley]] from his short story "[[Mortal Coils|The Gioconda Smile]]".

Over the next three decades, her film career continued sporadically while she found better roles on the stage. Her roles during this time included ''[[The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel]]'' (1951) opposite [[James Mason]], ''[[The Light in the Forest (film)|The Light in the Forest]]'' (1958), and a role as a domineering mother in [[Alfred Hitchcock]]'s film ''[[The Birds (film)|The Birds]]'' (1963).

[[File:Jessica Tandy The Glass Eye Hitchcock 1957.JPG|thumb|upright|Tandy in ''[[Alfred Hitchcock Presents]]'' "The Glass Eye" (1957)]]
On Broadway, she won a [[Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Play|Tony Award]] for her performance as [[Blanche Dubois]] in the original [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] production of ''[[A Streetcar Named Desire (play)|A Streetcar Named Desire]]'' in 1948. After this (she lost the film role to actress [[Vivien Leigh]]), she concentrated on the stage. In 1976, she and Cronyn joined the acting company of the [[Stratford Festival]], and returned in 1980 to debut Cronyn's play [[Foxfire (play)|''Foxfire'']].<ref>{{cite web| url=https://archives.stratfordfestival.ca/AIS/Details/people/9878| title=Jessica Tandy acting credits| website=Stratford Festival Archives| access-date=30 May 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531030726/https://archives.stratfordfestival.ca/AIS/Details/people/9878| archive-date=31 May 2019| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| last=Blackadar| first=Bruce| date=10 May 1980| title=Hume Cronyn turns playwright with Foxfire| newspaper=[[Toronto Star]]| page=F1}}</ref> In 1977, she earned her second Tony Award, for her performance (with Cronyn) in ''[[The Gin Game]].'' The following year the production transferred to London's [[Lyric Theatre, London|Lyric Theatre]], where Tandy was nominated for the [[Laurence Olivier Award for Actress of the Year in a New Play]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Olivier Winners 1979 |url=https://officiallondontheatre.com/olivier-awards/winners/olivier-winners-1979/ |access-date=2025-02-09 |website=Olivier Awards |language=en-GB}}</ref> Her third Tony came in 1982 for her performance, again with Cronyn, in ''Foxfire''.

The beginning of the 1980s saw a resurgence in her film career, with character roles in ''[[The World According to Garp (film)|The World According to Garp]]'' (with Cronyn), ''[[Best Friends (1982 film)|Best Friends]]'', ''[[Still of the Night (film)|Still of the Night]]'' (all 1982) and ''[[The Bostonians (film)|The Bostonians]]'' (1984). She and Cronyn were now working together more regularly on stage and television, including the films ''[[Honky Tonk Freeway]]'' (1981), ''[[Cocoon (film)|Cocoon]]'' (1985), ''[[*batteries not included]]'' (1987), ''[[Cocoon: The Return]]'' (1988), and the [[Emmy Award]] winning television film ''[[Foxfire (1987 film)|Foxfire]]'' (1987, recreating her Tony winning Broadway role).

However, it was her colourful performance in ''[[Driving Miss Daisy]]'' (1989), as an aging, stubborn [[U.S. Southern States|Southern]] Jewish matron, that earned her an [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Oscar]].<ref>{{cite news| title=Miss Daisy, Jessica Tandy Win Top Oscars| newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]]| date=27 March 1990| url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1990/03/27/miss-daisy-jessica-tandy-win-top-oscars/| access-date=7 November 2010}}</ref>

She received a Best Supporting Actress nomination for her work in the grassroots hit ''[[Fried Green Tomatoes (film)|Fried Green Tomatoes]]'' (1991) and co-starred in ''The Story Lady'' (1991 TV film, with her daughter Tandy Cronyn), ''[[Used People]]'' (1992, as [[Shirley MacLaine]]'s mother), television film ''[[To Dance with the White Dog]]'' (1993, with Cronyn), and [[Camilla (1994 film)|''Camilla'']] (1994, with Cronyn). ''[[Nobody's Fool (1994 film)|Nobody's Fool]]'' (1994) proved to be her last performance, at the age of 84.